GNU bug report logs - #34219
libtool cannot statically link dependencies into shared C++ library

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Package: libtool; Reported by: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>; dated Sun, 27 Jan 2019 13:30:02 UTC; Maintainer for libtool is bug-libtool@HIDDEN.

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Subject: Re: bug#34219: libtool cannot statically link dependencies into
 shared C++ library
To: Bob Friesenhahn <bfriesen@HIDDEN>
References: <3d03b4ed-11bd-05e6-1cc3-4b47cc31161a@HIDDEN>
 <alpine.GSO.2.20.1901271938500.14882@HIDDEN>
From: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>
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Date: Tue, 29 Jan 2019 22:31:46 +0000
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> Usually people are using MinGW64 GCC to build DLLs for Windows.  What
> GCC are you using?  Is this a native Windows build or are you
> cross-compiling?

I am cross-compiling with Mingw:

$ i686-w64-mingw32-gcc --version
i686-w64-mingw32-gcc (Gentoo 7.3.0-r4 p1.6) 7.3.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is
NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.

Original example in my email was built natively with this GCC:

$ gcc --version
gcc (Gentoo 8.2.0-r2 p1.2) 8.2.0
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is
NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.


-- 
Ulya
Information forwarded to bug-libtool@HIDDEN:
bug#34219; Package libtool. Full text available.

Message received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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Subject: Re: bug#34219: libtool cannot statically link dependencies into
 shared C++ library
To: Bob Friesenhahn <bfriesen@HIDDEN>
References: <3d03b4ed-11bd-05e6-1cc3-4b47cc31161a@HIDDEN>
 <alpine.GSO.2.20.1901271938500.14882@HIDDEN>
From: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>
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> Usually people are using MinGW64 GCC to build DLLs for Windows.  What
> GCC are you using?  Is this a native Windows build or are you
> cross-compiling?

I am cross-compiling with Mingw:

$ i686-w64-mingw32-gcc --version
i686-w64-mingw32-gcc (Gentoo 7.3.0-r4 p1.6) 7.3.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is
NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.

Original example in my email was built natively with this GCC:

$ gcc --version
gcc (Gentoo 8.2.0-r2 p1.2) 8.2.0
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is
NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.


-- 
Ulya
Information forwarded to bug-libtool@HIDDEN:
bug#34219; Package libtool. Full text available.

Message received at 34219 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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To: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#34219: libtool cannot statically link dependencies into
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On Sun, 27 Jan 2019, Ulya Trofimovich wrote:

> Hello!
>
>
> I'm trying to build a portable DLL for windows with libtool. To do that,
> I need to eliminate dynamic dependencies on libstdc++ and libgcc. With
> GCC it is normally done by passing -static-libstdc++ -statlic-libgcc to
> the linker.

Usually people are using MinGW64 GCC to build DLLs for Windows.  What 
GCC are you using?  Is this a native Windows build or are you 
cross-compiling?

> Even though options -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc are passed to the
> linker, hard-coded -nostdlib
> /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/crti.o
> /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbeginS.o pulls in dynamic
> dependencies.

Libtool applies the libraries that GCC claims that it will use.

Libtool is a portability tool (supporting set of features commonly 
used and available on many platforms) and not intended to support 
all use cases.

Bob
-- 
Bob Friesenhahn
bfriesen@HIDDEN, http://www.simplesystems.org/users/bfriesen/
GraphicsMagick Maintainer,    http://www.GraphicsMagick.org/
Public Key,     http://www.simplesystems.org/users/bfriesen/public-key.txt
Information forwarded to bug-libtool@HIDDEN:
bug#34219; Package libtool. Full text available.

Message received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: Bob Friesenhahn <bfriesen@HIDDEN>
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To: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#34219: libtool cannot statically link dependencies into
 shared C++ library
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Cc: 34219 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, Libtool Bugs List <bug-libtool@HIDDEN>,
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On Sun, 27 Jan 2019, Ulya Trofimovich wrote:

> Hello!
>
>
> I'm trying to build a portable DLL for windows with libtool. To do that,
> I need to eliminate dynamic dependencies on libstdc++ and libgcc. With
> GCC it is normally done by passing -static-libstdc++ -statlic-libgcc to
> the linker.

Usually people are using MinGW64 GCC to build DLLs for Windows.  What 
GCC are you using?  Is this a native Windows build or are you 
cross-compiling?

> Even though options -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc are passed to the
> linker, hard-coded -nostdlib
> /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/crti.o
> /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbeginS.o pulls in dynamic
> dependencies.

Libtool applies the libraries that GCC claims that it will use.

Libtool is a portability tool (supporting set of features commonly 
used and available on many platforms) and not intended to support 
all use cases.

Bob
-- 
Bob Friesenhahn
bfriesen@HIDDEN, http://www.simplesystems.org/users/bfriesen/
GraphicsMagick Maintainer,    http://www.GraphicsMagick.org/
Public Key,     http://www.simplesystems.org/users/bfriesen/public-key.txt
Information forwarded to bug-libtool@HIDDEN:
bug#34219; Package libtool. Full text available.

Message received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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To: bug-libtool@HIDDEN
From: Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>
Subject: libtool cannot statically link dependencies into shared C++ library
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Hello!


I'm trying to build a portable DLL for windows with libtool. To do that,
I need to eliminate dynamic dependencies on libstdc++ and libgcc. With
GCC it is normally done by passing -static-libstdc++ -statlic-libgcc to
the linker.

I would want these commands to result in a shared library that has no
dynamic dependencies on libstdc++ and libgcc:

$ libtool --tag=CXX --mode=compile g++ -c foo.cc
$ libtool --tag=CXX --mode=link g++ \
    -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc \
    -o libfoo.la foo.lo -rpath /usr/lib

First problem is that libtool doesn't recognize these options, and as a
result it does not pass them to linker. This can be worked around by
wrapping them in -Wc,-static-libstdc++ -Wc,-static-libgcc.

Second problem is that libtool adds hard-coded link option -nostdlib and
some predefined startup object files. Because of that, -static-libstdc++
-statlic-libgcc have no effect and the resulting shared library still
has dynamic dependencies on libstdc++ and libgcc.

Let me show what I mean on a simple example (I will build native
library, not DLL, because it's simpler and shows the same problem).
Let's say, source code of our library is in a file foo.cc:

$ cat foo.cc
#include <iostream>
void foo(void)
{
    std::cout << "foo" << std::endl;
}

Without libtool, I can build shared library like this:

$ g++ -shared -fPIC foo.cc -o libfoo.so
$ objdump -x libfoo.so | grep NEEDED
  NEEDED               libstdc++.so.6
  NEEDED               libm.so.6
  NEEDED               libgcc_s.so.1
  NEEDED               libc.so.6

Note the dependency on libstdc++. I can get rid of it like this:

$ g++ -shared -fPIC foo.cc -o libfoo.so -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc
$ objdump -x libfoo.so | grep NEEDED
  NEEDED               libm.so.6
  NEEDED               libc.so.6
  NEEDED               ld-linux-x86-64.so.2

With libtool, however, I'm stuck:

$ libtool --tag=CXX --mode=compile g++ -c foo.cc
libtool: compile:  g++ -c foo.cc  -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/foo.o
libtool: compile:  g++ -c foo.cc -o foo.o >/dev/null 2>&1

$ libtool --tag=CXX --mode=link g++ \
    -Wc,-static-libstdc++ -Wc,-static-libgcc \
    -o libfoo.la foo.lo -rpath /usr/lib
libtool: link: rm -fr  .libs/libfoo.a .libs/libfoo.la .libs/libfoo.lai
.libs/libfoo.so .libs/libfoo.so.0 .libs/libfoo.so.0.0.0
libtool: link: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-g++  -fPIC -DPIC -shared -nostdlib
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/crti.o
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbeginS.o  .libs/foo.o
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64
-L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib
-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../.. -lstdc++ -lm -lc
-lgcc_s /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtendS.o
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/crtn.o
-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc   -Wl,-soname -Wl,libfoo.so.0 -o
.libs/libfoo.so.0.0.0
libtool: link: (cd ".libs" && rm -f "libfoo.so.0" && ln -s
"libfoo.so.0.0.0" "libfoo.so.0")
libtool: link: (cd ".libs" && rm -f "libfoo.so" && ln -s
"libfoo.so.0.0.0" "libfoo.so")
libtool: link: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-ar cru .libs/libfoo.a  foo.o
libtool: link: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-ranlib .libs/libfoo.a
libtool: link: ( cd ".libs" && rm -f "libfoo.la" && ln -s "../libfoo.la"
"libfoo.la" )

$ objdump -x .libs/libfoo.so | grep NEEDED
  NEEDED               libstdc++.so.6
  NEEDED               libm.so.6
  NEEDED               libc.so.6
  NEEDED               libgcc_s.so.1

Even though options -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc are passed to the
linker, hard-coded -nostdlib
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/../../../../lib64/crti.o
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/crtbeginS.o pulls in dynamic
dependencies.

As a temporary workaround, I'm using slibtool:

    https://github.com/midipix-project/slibtool

But I think this use case is very common and needs to be fixed in
libtool as well.

When using libtool with autotools (my original setting), I would want to
just pass these flags to configure:

    ./configure LDFLAGS="-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc"

Currently I also have to override libtool program in make:

    make LIBTOOL=slibtool


-- 
Ulya
Acknowledgement sent to Ulya Trofimovich <skvadrik@HIDDEN>:
New bug report received and forwarded. Copy sent to bug-libtool@HIDDEN. Full text available.
Report forwarded to bug-libtool@HIDDEN:
bug#34219; Package libtool. Full text available.
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