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Subject: bug#69120: Spurious "function is not known to be defined" if defined in `use-package` body
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I have many functions that are only useful inside a specific mode. So I
group them with `use-package`, by defining them inside `:init` or
`:config` section, depending on the use.

It turns out, byte-compiler does not consider such functions to be
defined and prints a warning about it.

# Steps to reproduce (in terms of terminal commands)

    =CE=BB cat test.el
    ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
    (use-package prog-mode
      :init
      (defun hello()
        (print "hello"))
      (hello))
    =CE=BB emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile test.el

    In end of data:
    test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98hello=E2=80=99 is not known=
 to be defined.

## Expected

File gets compiled with no warnings

## Actual

There's a warning

    test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98hello=E2=80=99 is not known=
 to be defined.

# Additional information

Emacs version: commit d4d5830f8a0 built two weeks ago from master.

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From: help-debbugs@HIDDEN (GNU bug Tracking System)
To: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#69120: Acknowledgement (Spurious "function is not known to be
 defined" if defined in `use-package` body)
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Subject: bug#69120: Spurious "function is not known to be defined" if defined in `use-package` body
Resent-From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
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 (message from Konstantin Kharlamov on Wed, 14 Feb 2024 14:16:09 +0300)
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> From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 14:16:09 +0300
> 
> I have many functions that are only useful inside a specific mode. So I
> group them with `use-package`, by defining them inside `:init` or
> `:config` section, depending on the use.
> 
> It turns out, byte-compiler does not consider such functions to be
> defined and prints a warning about it.
> 
> # Steps to reproduce (in terms of terminal commands)
> 
>     λ cat test.el
>     ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
>     (use-package prog-mode
>       :init
>       (defun hello()
>         (print "hello"))
>       (hello))
>     λ emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile test.el
> 
>     In end of data:
>     test.el:6:4: Warning: the function ‘hello’ is not known to be defined.
> 
> ## Expected
> 
> File gets compiled with no warnings
> 
> ## Actual
> 
> There's a warning
> 
>     test.el:6:4: Warning: the function ‘hello’ is not known to be defined.

What do you get if you macro-expand your code?

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#69120: Spurious "function is not known to be defined" if defined in `use-package` body
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From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 18:28:15 +0300
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On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 17:23 +0200, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> > Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 14:16:09 +0300
> >=20
> > I have many functions that are only useful inside a specific mode.
> > So I
> > group them with `use-package`, by defining them inside `:init` or
> > `:config` section, depending on the use.
> >=20
> > It turns out, byte-compiler does not consider such functions to be
> > defined and prints a warning about it.
> >=20
> > # Steps to reproduce (in terms of terminal commands)
> >=20
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =CE=BB cat test.el
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (use-package prog-mode
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 :init
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (defun hello()
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (print "hello"))
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (hello))
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =CE=BB emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile test.el
> >=20
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 In end of data:
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98hello=E2=
=80=99 is not known to be
> > defined.
> >=20
> > ## Expected
> >=20
> > File gets compiled with no warnings
> >=20
> > ## Actual
> >=20
> > There's a warning
> >=20
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98hello=E2=
=80=99 is not known to be
> > defined.
>=20
> What do you get if you macro-expand your code?

Wrapping the above code to a `(macroexpand =E2=80=A6)` gives a:

   "hello"
   nil

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> From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 18:28:15 +0300
> 
> > >     test.el:6:4: Warning: the function ‘hello’ is not known to be
> > > defined.
> > 
> > What do you get if you macro-expand your code?
> 
> Wrapping the above code to a `(macroexpand …)` gives a:
> 
>    "hello"
>    nil

You need to quote the form you pass to macroexpand, to get the
expansion, I think.

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On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 18:07 +0200, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> > Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> > Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 18:28:15 +0300
> >
> > > > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98hell=
o=E2=80=99 is not known to
> > > > be
> > > > defined.
> > >
> > > What do you get if you macro-expand your code?
> >
> > Wrapping the above code to a `(macroexpand =E2=80=A6)` gives a:
> >
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0 "hello"
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0 nil
>
> You need to quote the form you pass to macroexpand, to get the
> expansion, I think.

Oh indeed you're right!

It gives me the following:

(progn (defvar use-package--warning196 #'(lambda (keyword err) (let ((msg (=
format "%s/%s: %s" 'prog-mode keyword (error-message-string err)))) (displa=
y-warning 'use-package msg :error)))) (condition-case-unless-debug err (pro=
gn (condition-case-unless-debug err (progn (defun hello nil (print "hello")=
) (hello)) (error (funcall use-package--warning196 :init err))) (if (not (r=
equire 'prog-mode nil t)) (display-warning 'use-package (format "Cannot loa=
d %s" 'prog-mode) :error))) (error (funcall use-package--warning196 :catch =
err))))

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> From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 19:10:54 +0300
> 
> On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 18:07 +0200, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > > From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> > > Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> > > Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 18:28:15 +0300
> > >
> > > > >     test.el:6:4: Warning: the function ‘hello’ is not known to
> > > > > be
> > > > > defined.
> > > >
> > > > What do you get if you macro-expand your code?
> > >
> > > Wrapping the above code to a `(macroexpand …)` gives a:
> > >
> > >    "hello"
> > >    nil
> >
> > You need to quote the form you pass to macroexpand, to get the
> > expansion, I think.
> 
> Oh indeed you're right!
> 
> It gives me the following:
> 
> (progn (defvar use-package--warning196 #'(lambda (keyword err) (let ((msg (format "%s/%s: %s" 'prog-mode keyword (error-message-string err)))) (display-warning 'use-package msg :error)))) (condition-case-unless-debug err (progn (condition-case-unless-debug err (progn (defun hello nil (print "hello")) (hello)) (error (funcall use-package--warning196 :init err))) (if (not (require 'prog-mode nil t)) (display-warning 'use-package (format "Cannot load %s" 'prog-mode) :error))) (error (funcall use-package--warning196 :catch err))))

And that doesn't explain the warning?

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On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 18:38 +0200, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> > Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> > Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 19:10:54 +0300
> >
> > On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 18:07 +0200, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > > > From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> > > > Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> > > > Date: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 18:28:15 +0300
> > > >
> > > > > > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 test.el:6:4: Warning: the function =E2=80=98=
hello=E2=80=99 is not known
> > > > > > to
> > > > > > be
> > > > > > defined.
> > > > >
> > > > > What do you get if you macro-expand your code?
> > > >
> > > > Wrapping the above code to a `(macroexpand =E2=80=A6)` gives a:
> > > >
> > > > =C2=A0=C2=A0 "hello"
> > > > =C2=A0=C2=A0 nil
> > >
> > > You need to quote the form you pass to macroexpand, to get the
> > > expansion, I think.
> >
> > Oh indeed you're right!
> >
> > It gives me the following:
> >
> > (progn (defvar use-package--warning196 #'(lambda (keyword err) (let
> > ((msg (format "%s/%s: %s" 'prog-mode keyword (error-message-string
> > err)))) (display-warning 'use-package msg :error)))) (condition-
> > case-unless-debug err (progn (condition-case-unless-debug err
> > (progn (defun hello nil (print "hello")) (hello)) (error (funcall
> > use-package--warning196 :init err))) (if (not (require 'prog-mode
> > nil t)) (display-warning 'use-package (format "Cannot load %s"
> > 'prog-mode) :error))) (error (funcall use-package--warning196
> > :catch err))))
>
> And that doesn't explain the warning?

Mhm=E2=80=A6 Well, that does reduce the testcase to this code:

    ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
    (progn
      (defun hello()
        (print "hello"))
      (hello))

So the function is defined in the same visibility scope as where it's used,=
 right
before its use, but byte-compiler apparently doesn't see that.

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On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 19:58 +0300, Konstantin Kharlamov wrote:
> Mhm=E2=80=A6 Well, that does reduce the testcase to this code:
>=20
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (progn
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (defun hello()
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (print "hello"))
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (hello))
>=20
> So the function is defined in the same visibility scope as where it's
> used, right
> before its use, but byte-compiler apparently doesn't see that.

Turns out this false-positive is even more common than I thought.

As upstream Emacs deprecated `defadvice`, I'm porting `lsp-mode` plugin
to an `advice-add`. They use it as a debugging facility, and there's an
"advicing" call inside a `(defun =E2=80=A6)`, and the function is defined
inside the same `(defun =E2=80=A6)` as well. And it also triggers the same
warning. In terms of minimal testcase:

   ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
   (defun foo ()
     (defun hello()
       (print "hello"))
     (hello))
  =20

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On Thu, 2024-02-15 at 06:57 +0300, Konstantin Kharlamov wrote:
> On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 19:58 +0300, Konstantin Kharlamov wrote:
> > Mhm=E2=80=A6 Well, that does reduce the testcase to this code:
> >=20
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (progn
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (defun hello()
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (print "hello"))
> > =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (hello))
> >=20
> > So the function is defined in the same visibility scope as where
> > it's
> > used, right
> > before its use, but byte-compiler apparently doesn't see that.
>=20
> Turns out this false-positive is even more common than I thought.
>=20
> As upstream Emacs deprecated `defadvice`, I'm porting `lsp-mode`
> plugin
> to an `advice-add`. They use it as a debugging facility, and there's
> an
> "advicing" call inside a `(defun =E2=80=A6)`, and the function is defined
> inside the same `(defun =E2=80=A6)` as well. And it also triggers the sam=
e
> warning. In terms of minimal testcase:
>=20
> =C2=A0=C2=A0 ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> =C2=A0=C2=A0 (defun foo ()
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (defun hello()
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (print "hello"))
> =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 (hello))

An interesting fact: inserting a `(declare-function hello nil)` after a
`defun` suppresses the warning. So I guess `defun` should work somehow
similarly to `declare-function`.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

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 (message from Konstantin Kharlamov on Thu, 15 Feb 2024 07:00:40 +0300)
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> From: Konstantin Kharlamov <Hi-Angel@HIDDEN>
> Cc: 69120 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Thu, 15 Feb 2024 07:00:40 +0300
> 
> On Thu, 2024-02-15 at 06:57 +0300, Konstantin Kharlamov wrote:
> > On Wed, 2024-02-14 at 19:58 +0300, Konstantin Kharlamov wrote:
> > > Mhm… Well, that does reduce the testcase to this code:
> > > 
> > >     ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> > >     (progn
> > >       (defun hello()
> > >         (print "hello"))
> > >       (hello))
> > > 
> > > So the function is defined in the same visibility scope as where
> > > it's
> > > used, right
> > > before its use, but byte-compiler apparently doesn't see that.
> > 
> > Turns out this false-positive is even more common than I thought.
> > 
> > As upstream Emacs deprecated `defadvice`, I'm porting `lsp-mode`
> > plugin
> > to an `advice-add`. They use it as a debugging facility, and there's
> > an
> > "advicing" call inside a `(defun …)`, and the function is defined
> > inside the same `(defun …)` as well. And it also triggers the same
> > warning. In terms of minimal testcase:
> > 
> >    ;;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
> >    (defun foo ()
> >      (defun hello()
> >        (print "hello"))
> >      (hello))
> 
> An interesting fact: inserting a `(declare-function hello nil)` after a
> `defun` suppresses the warning. So I guess `defun` should work somehow
> similarly to `declare-function`.

Perhaps Stefan (CC'ed) will have some comments or advice.

Last modified: Thu, 15 Feb 2024 07:00:02 UTC

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