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Subject: bug#61704: 29.0.60; Crash in get_narrowed_begv
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I just got the following crash:

#0  0x00007f43164b0e7c in __pthread_kill_implementation () at /lib64/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007f4316460aa6 in raise () at /lib64/libc.so.6
#2  0x000000000041dd7d in terminate_due_to_signal (sig=sig@entry=8, backtrace_limit=backtrace_limit@entry=40) at emacs.c:464
#3  0x000000000041e244 in handle_fatal_signal (sig=sig@entry=8) at sysdep.c:1783
#4  0x000000000055f118 in deliver_thread_signal (sig=8, handler=0x41e239 <handle_fatal_signal>) at sysdep.c:1775
#5  0x000000000055f1f9 in deliver_fatal_thread_signal (sig=<optimized out>) at sysdep.c:1795
#6  0x00007f4316460b50 in <signal handler called> () at /lib64/libc.so.6
#7  0x0000000000453617 in get_narrowed_begv (w=<optimized out>, pos=13523) at xdisp.c:3519
#8  0x0000000000456ee5 in reseat (it=0x7ffc4e7ed560, pos=..., force_p=<optimized out>) at xdisp.c:7468
#9  0x00000000004574fb in init_iterator (it=<optimized out>, w=<optimized out>, charpos=<optimized out>, bytepos=<optimized out>, row=<optimized out>, base_face_id=<optimized out>) at xdisp.c:3488
#10 0x000000000045cac2 in start_display (it=it@entry=0x7ffc4e7ed560, w=w@entry=0xef69700, pos=...) at xdisp.c:3595
#11 0x000000000046bc16 in try_window (window=window@entry=0xef69705, pos=..., flags=flags@entry=1) at xdisp.c:20561
#12 0x000000000048abb8 in redisplay_window (window=<optimized out>, just_this_one_p=<optimized out>) at xdisp.c:19953
#13 0x000000000048d65b in redisplay_window_0 (window=window@entry=0xef69705) at xdisp.c:17439
#14 0x00000000005cac14 in internal_condition_case_1 (bfun=bfun@entry=0x48d630 <redisplay_window_0>, arg=arg@entry=0xef69705, handlers=<optimized out>, hfun=hfun@entry=0x444e20 <redisplay_window_error>) at eval.c:1498
#15 0x0000000000442254 in redisplay_windows (window=0xef69705) at xdisp.c:17409
#16 0x0000000000442275 in redisplay_windows (window=0x5649ac75) at xdisp.c:17403
#17 0x00000000004755db in redisplay_internal () at xdisp.c:16863
#18 0x000000000054ef03 in read_char (commandflag=1, map=0x20219f93, prev_event=0x0, used_mouse_menu=0x7ffc4e7f2bcb, end_time=0x0) at keyboard.c:2627
#19 0x0000000000551bc5 in read_key_sequence (keybuf=<optimized out>, prompt=0x0, dont_downcase_last=<optimized out>, can_return_switch_frame=true, fix_current_buffer=true, prevent_redisplay=false) at keyboard.c:10074
#20 0x0000000000553a67 in command_loop_1 () at keyboard.c:1376
#21 0x00000000005cab87 in internal_condition_case (bfun=bfun@entry=0x5538c0 <command_loop_1>, handlers=handlers@entry=0x90, hfun=hfun@entry=0x547210 <cmd_error>) at eval.c:1474
#22 0x000000000053fc4a in command_loop_2 (handlers=handlers@entry=0x90) at keyboard.c:1125
#23 0x00000000005caae1 in internal_catch (tag=tag@entry=0xff30, func=func@entry=0x53fc30 <command_loop_2>, arg=arg@entry=0x90) at eval.c:1197
#24 0x000000000053fbef in command_loop () at keyboard.c:1103
#25 0x0000000000546dc1 in recursive_edit_1 () at keyboard.c:712
#26 0x000000000054713e in Frecursive_edit () at keyboard.c:795
#27 0x00000000004264c2 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at emacs.c:2529

The cause is an arithmetic trap in get_narrowed_begv:

  return max ((pos / len - 1) * len, BEGV);

where len is 0.  The window was previously being resized, and has a
pixel width of 24.


In GNU Emacs 29.0.60 (build 1, x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) of 2022-12-24 built
 on trinity
Repository revision: 0e39ad6fa56d50b4710157f0b6f396e492da0dfb
Repository branch: HEAD
Windowing system distributor 'The X.Org Foundation', version 11.0.12101099
System Description: Fedora Linux 37 (Workstation Edition)

Configured using:
 'configure --with-native-compilation --with-x-toolkit=no
 --without-cairo --without-tree-sitter'

Configured features:
ACL DBUS FREETYPE GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS GSETTINGS HARFBUZZ JPEG JSON LCMS2
LIBSELINUX LIBSYSTEMD LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP NOTIFY INOTIFY
OLDXMENU PDUMPER PNG RSVG SECCOMP SOUND SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF WEBP X11
XDBE XFT XIM XINPUT2 XPM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LANG: en_GB.utf8
  value of $XMODIFIERS: @im=none
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Messages

Minor modes in effect:
  electric-pair-mode: t
  desktop-save-mode: t
  global-telega-mnz-mode: t
  telega-root-auto-fill-mode: t
  telega-active-locations-mode: t
  telega-patrons-mode: t
  display-time-mode: t
  shell-dirtrack-mode: t
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  tool-bar-mode: t
  menu-bar-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  lost-selection-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  buffer-read-only: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

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From: help-debbugs@HIDDEN (GNU bug Tracking System)
To: Po Lu <luangruo@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#61704: Acknowledgement (29.0.60; Crash in get_narrowed_begv)
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Subject: bug#61704: 29.0.60; Crash in get_narrowed_begv
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>
> The cause is an arithmetic trap in get_narrowed_begv:
>
> return max ((pos / len - 1) * len, BEGV);
>
> where len is 0.  The window was previously being resized, and has a 
> pixel width of 24.
>

How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short) 
window_body_width (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS) * window_body_height 
(w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS).  We could add a condition in 
get_narrowed_len to return 1 when the result is 0, but it could be a bug 
somewhere else (can a window body have a zero width and/or height?), in 
which case it would be better to fix the bug there.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#61704: 29.0.60; Crash in get_narrowed_begv
Resent-From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
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> Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 20:20:02 +0800
> From:  Po Lu via "Bug reports for GNU Emacs,
>  the Swiss army knife of text editors" <bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN>
> 
> The cause is an arithmetic trap in get_narrowed_begv:
> 
>   return max ((pos / len - 1) * len, BEGV);
> 
> where len is 0.  The window was previously being resized, and has a
> pixel width of 24.

How do you get such windows?  I thought we never allowed windows that
are so small.

Anyway, I installed a possible fix on the emacs-29 branch, please see
if it solves this.

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> Cc: 61704 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 12:48:02 +0000
> From: Gregory Heytings <gregory@HIDDEN>
> 
> 
> > The cause is an arithmetic trap in get_narrowed_begv:
> >
> > return max ((pos / len - 1) * len, BEGV);
> >
> > where len is 0.  The window was previously being resized, and has a 
> > pixel width of 24.
> >
> 
> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short) 
> window_body_width (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS) * window_body_height 
> (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS).  We could add a condition in 
> get_narrowed_len to return 1 when the result is 0, but it could be a bug 
> somewhere else (can a window body have a zero width and/or height?), in 
> which case it would be better to fix the bug there.

I agree that we should understand how this happened (and asked a
similar question), but I installed a defensive protection anyway.  It
cannot do any harm.

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>> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short) 
>> window_body_width (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS) * 
>> window_body_height (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS).  We could add a 
>> condition in get_narrowed_len to return 1 when the result is 0, but it 
>> could be a bug somewhere else (can a window body have a zero width 
>> and/or height?), in which case it would be better to fix the bug there.
>
> I agree that we should understand how this happened (and asked a similar 
> question), but I installed a defensive protection anyway.  It cannot do 
> any harm.
>

Okay.  Let's hope this will not hide another real bug.

I found a way to get such small windows: set window-min-width, 
window-min-height, window-safe-min-width and window-safe-min-heigth to 0. 
Of course doing that ignores the fact that the docstring of the 
window-safe-min-* variables say that "Anything less might crash Emacs", 
and that their values are 2 (width) and 1 (height).  Which makes me wonder 
why these variables can be changed / exist.

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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:

>> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short) 

Because the pixel width of W is less than its frame's column width.
The division performed window_body_width is truncating, i.e:

  24 / 25 = 0

and I suspect the actual width being divded at that point is less than
w->pixel_width, since that window had fringes.

>> window_body_width (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS) * window_body_height 
>> (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS).  We could add a condition in 
>> get_narrowed_len to return 1 when the result is 0, but it could be a bug 
>> somewhere else (can a window body have a zero width and/or height?), in 
>> which case it would be better to fix the bug there.
>
> I agree that we should understand how this happened (and asked a
> similar question), but I installed a defensive protection anyway.  It
> cannot do any harm.

I did say that this happened while resizing the window.  It was being
displayed in an ediff-created frame.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:

> How do you get such windows?  I thought we never allowed windows that
> are so small.

I tried resizing an ediff frame.

> Anyway, I installed a possible fix on the emacs-29 branch, please see
> if it solves this.

We'll have to wait another 30 days to find out, I guess, because that
was my uptime up to this point.  Resizing the ediff popup no longer
crashes.

Thanks.

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>>> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short)
>
> Because the pixel width of W is less than its frame's column width. The 
> division performed window_body_width is truncating, i.e:
>
>  24 / 25 = 0
>
> and I suspect the actual width being divded at that point is less than 
> w->pixel_width, since that window had fringes.
>

In that case it's a bug in window_body_width I guess, which should do

/* Don't return a non-positive value.  */
return max (width / denom, 1);

>
> I did say that this happened while resizing the window.  It was being 
> displayed in an ediff-created frame.
>

You mean, the ediff popup control frame?

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> Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 13:17:27 +0000
> From: Gregory Heytings <gregory@HIDDEN>
> cc: luangruo@HIDDEN, 61704 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> 
> >> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short) 
> >> window_body_width (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS) * 
> >> window_body_height (w, WINDOW_BODY_IN_CANONICAL_CHARS).  We could add a 
> >> condition in get_narrowed_len to return 1 when the result is 0, but it 
> >> could be a bug somewhere else (can a window body have a zero width 
> >> and/or height?), in which case it would be better to fix the bug there.
> >
> > I agree that we should understand how this happened (and asked a similar 
> > question), but I installed a defensive protection anyway.  It cannot do 
> > any harm.
> >
> 
> Okay.  Let's hope this will not hide another real bug.
> 
> I found a way to get such small windows: set window-min-width, 
> window-min-height, window-safe-min-width and window-safe-min-heigth to 0. 
> Of course doing that ignores the fact that the docstring of the 
> window-safe-min-* variables say that "Anything less might crash Emacs", 
> and that their values are 2 (width) and 1 (height).  Which makes me wonder 
> why these variables can be changed / exist.

Maybe Martin (CC'ed) can answer that.

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> Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 13:40:41 +0000
> From: Gregory Heytings <gregory@HIDDEN>
> cc: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>, 61704 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> 
> >>> How can len possibly be 0 at that point?  It is (in short)
> >
> > Because the pixel width of W is less than its frame's column width. The 
> > division performed window_body_width is truncating, i.e:
> >
> >  24 / 25 = 0
> >
> > and I suspect the actual width being divded at that point is less than 
> > w->pixel_width, since that window had fringes.
> >
> 
> In that case it's a bug in window_body_width I guess, which should do
> 
> /* Don't return a non-positive value.  */
> return max (width / denom, 1);

I won't object to that, if Martin agrees.  But the protection I
installed should IMO remain there, just in case.

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Gregory Heytings <gregory@HIDDEN> writes:

> You mean, the ediff popup control frame?

Yes, that's correct.

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>> You mean, the ediff popup control frame?
>
> Yes, that's correct.
>

Then I'm even more puzzled.  That code is not executed in that frame, it 
is only executed in buffers with long lines.

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 >> I found a way to get such small windows: set window-min-width,
 >> window-min-height, window-safe-min-width and window-safe-min-heigth to 0.
 >> Of course doing that ignores the fact that the docstring of the
 >> window-safe-min-* variables say that "Anything less might crash Emacs",
 >> and that their values are 2 (width) and 1 (height).  Which makes me wonder
 >> why these variables can be changed / exist.
 >
 > Maybe Martin (CC'ed) can answer that.

I don't recall the details - if memory doesn't deceive me, the "Anything
less might crash Emacs" phrase was coined by Kim, albeit in a different
context.

These variables exist and can be changed because at the time they were
implemented, there was no real consensus as to which sizes could really
crash Emacs.  The window code itself does not care and the redisplay
code is nowhere explicit about it.

Nowadays these variables are a bad idea because they count (1) lines and
columns and (2) represent total window sizes.  (1) is hampered by the
fact that we now remap faces (do we know whether the return value of
'window-safe-min-pixel-height' is meaningful in such case?) and (2) is
hampered by the presence of window decorations whose sizes are more and
more undetermined so we have to apply brute force measures like

   /* Don't return a negative value.  */
   return max (height / denom, 0);

which appear amateurish (aren't we able to calculate 'height' correctly
in the first place?).

But the real problem here seems that resize_frame_windows has to do what
frame resizing wants and (as _might_ happen with Po's ediff control
frame) there's no guarantee that 'height' is really greater than zero
(or one) there.

So OT1H we really should set proper minimum size hints for the WM to
avoid that resize_frame_windows has to deal with frame sizes it
intrinsically cannot handle and OTOH the redisplay engine should be able
to handle zero window sizes to avoid crashes the window code cannot
prevent.

martin

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From: Po Lu <luangruo@HIDDEN>
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martin rudalics <rudalics@HIDDEN> writes:

> So OT1H we really should set proper minimum size hints for the WM to
> avoid that resize_frame_windows has to deal with frame sizes it
> intrinsically cannot handle

Now this is not possible, as the window manager (or any X client, for
that matter) has free reign to do whatever it wants with another
client's window.  Unless of course X server security policy prevents it.

> and OTOH the redisplay engine should be able to handle zero window
> sizes to avoid crashes the window code cannot prevent.

This is the only reasonable approach under X.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

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 >> So OT1H we really should set proper minimum size hints for the WM to
 >> avoid that resize_frame_windows has to deal with frame sizes it
 >> intrinsically cannot handle
 >
 > Now this is not possible, as the window manager (or any X client, for
 > that matter) has free reign to do whatever it wants with another
 > client's window.  Unless of course X server security policy prevents it.

If a window manager ignores our size hints, a user is free to choose one
which doesn't.  xfwm here respectfully honors the size hints it gets
from Firefox or Thunderbird.  Windows respects minimum size constraints
just as well, BTW.

martin

Last modified: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 10:00:02 UTC

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