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Subject: bug#69929: Can grep -q report matches in incomplete lines?
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Hi,

I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit
successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the line to be
terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', that
is).

E.g., if I run=20

  (printf foo ; sleep 30) | grep -q foo

I want grep to exit successfully right away. Currently, grep waits until
it gets EOF on the input, 30 seconds later. I'm testing with GNU grep
3.8, running on Debian GNU/Linux.

Another less friendly example:

  (printf foo ; cat /dev/zero | tr '\0' x) | grep -q foo

It would be nice if that exited quickly. And without any excessive
memory usage, with or without match.

My actual usecase is for a test booting a machine in qemu. I pipe qemu's
output (including the console of the guest machine) to grep, and I want
to check that the machine gets to the login prompt. But there's usually
no trailing newline after that prompt.

Regards,
/Niels


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To: Niels =?UTF-8?Q?M=C3=B6ller?= <nisse@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#69929: Acknowledgement (Can grep -q report matches in
 incomplete lines?)
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Date: Thu, 21 Mar 2024 13:58:02 +0000

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Subject: bug#69929: Can grep -q report matches in incomplete lines?
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Niels M=C3=B6ller <nisse@HIDDEN> writes:

> E.g., if I run=20
>
>   (printf foo ; sleep 30) | grep -q foo
>
> I want grep to exit successfully right away. Currently, grep waits until
> it gets EOF on the input, 30 seconds later.

Sorry if I'm confused about how to script this. The following (bash
syntax) is a better example:

  grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)

This blocks 30 seconds before exiting. In contrast,=20

  grep -q foo <(sh -c echo foo ; sleep 30' &)

(only difference is the newline at the end of the line) does exit
immediately.

Regards,
/Niels

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Subject: bug#69929: Can grep -q report matches in incomplete lines?
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On 3/21/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wrote:
> I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit
> successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the line to b=
e
> terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', tha=
t
> is).

Grep used to behave almost that way. It did wait for a newline but it=20
did not wait for EOF. But people started complaining about that behavior=20
so we changed it.

Perhaps there should be an option to switch between old and new behaviors=
.

However, not waiting for a newline is problematic; although doable it=20
would be a bit of a pain to program and not sure it's worth the effort.=20
Grep didn't used to do that.

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Paul Eggert wrote:
> although doable it would be a bit of a pain to program

yup - sure would be a pain.

If you're not sure whether your actual input of interest will end
in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",
thus for instance replacing your example:

  grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)

with:

  grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &)

In any case, grep is quite line oriented, as implied by an early
sentence in the man page grep(1):

"PATTERNS is one or more patterns separated by newline characters,"

-- 
  Paul Jackson
  jackson@HIDDEN

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Paul Eggert <eggert@HIDDEN> writes:

> On 3/21/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wrote:
>> I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit
>> successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the line to be
>> terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', that
>> is).
>
> Grep used to behave almost that way. It did wait for a newline but it
> did not wait for EOF. But people started complaining about that
> behavior so we changed it.

Some --exit-early option? Sounds reasonable, but not enough for my
usecase. And I understand it might be an undesirable default behavior of
-q: Not so nice if changing "foo | grep" to "foo | grep -q" could make
foo fail with EPIPE/SIGPIPE.

(BTW, man page says about the -q option "Exit immediately with zero
status if any match is found", from reading that, I would not expect
grep to continue to read the rest of the file until EOF).

> However, not waiting for a newline is problematic; although doable it
> would be a bit of a pain to program and not sure it's worth the
> effort. Grep didn't used to do that.

I only have a rather abstract understanding of regexp matching, but for
patterns that aren't extended to require backtracking, in principle it
should be doably to feed the state machine one character at a time, with
no buffering of input?

jackson@HIDDEN writes:

> If you're not sure whether your actual input of interest will end
> in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",
> thus for instance replacing your example:
>
>   grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)
>
> with:
>
>   grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &)

Not so easy when the input is the log output by a still running process
(in my case qemu).

> In any case, grep is quite line oriented,

Right. Maybe what I'm really looking for is a binary grep. For the time
being, I hacked together a tool that does just what I need for my qemu
test (no regexp matching, just matching a fix string starting at the
beginning of a line). See
https://git.glasklar.is/system-transparency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a574=
73ee361e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-for.go

I use this in combination with timeout (GNU coreutils) to fail the test
if no match for the login prompt is found within reasonable time.

A more general binary grep could match a regexp against a binary file or
stream, with options to exit on first match (my immediate usecase),
output the count of matches, or output the positions for each match. I
still think some of those features would make sense as part of GNU grep.

Regards,
/Niels

--=20
Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.
Internet email is subject to wholesale government surveillance.

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Neils noted:

>> (BTW, man page says about the -q option "Exit immediately with zero
>> status if any match is found", ...

If I had the master copy of that man page in front of me right now,
I'd change that to say "... if any matching line is found ..."

>> For the time being, I hacked together a tool that does just what I need

Bingo.

Given that our talents and resources are finite, and our various
needs and situations infinite, it's impossible to have general
purpose tools that are ideal for every situation.

We can do the rest, individually.

-- 
Paul Jackson
  jackson@HIDDEN

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On 3/21/24 22:58, jackson@HIDDEN wrote:
 > Paul Eggert wrote:
 >> although doable it would be a bit of a pain to program
 >
 > yup - sure would be a pain.
 >
 > If you're not sure whether your actual input of interest will end
 > in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",
 > thus for instance replacing your example:
 >
 >    grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)
 >
 > with:
 >
 >    grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &)
 >
 > In any case, grep is quite line oriented, as implied by an early
 > sentence in the man page grep(1):
 >
 > "PATTERNS is one or more patterns separated by newline characters,"
 >
     This may not be helpful but I powered up and old old Sun server
running Solaris 8 where I see :

nix$ uname -a
SunOS nix 5.8 Generic_117350-62 sun4m sparc SUNW,SPARCstation-20

nix$ cat /etc/release
                        Solaris 8 2/04 s28s_hw4wos_05a SPARC
            Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
                             Assembled 08 January 2004

nix$ which grep
/usr/xpg4/bin/grep

nix$ /usr/bin/printf "This is a line of text without a newline" | wc
        0       9      40

nix$ /usr/bin/printf "This is a line of text without a newline" | 
/usr/xpg4/bin/grep -c 'line'
1
nix$

So that seems to look at a "line" that is not a "line" as we see that wc
claims there are zero lines. The manpage[1] even claims the words :

         "prints  all lines that contain that pattern"

So I have to wonder. Old Solaris 8, once fully patched, was definately
compliant with SUSv2 which is all of POSIX.1b-1993, POSIX.1c-1996 as
well as ISO/IEC 9899 (C Standard) Amendment 1.

Anyways, this is just a crusty old grey beard here putting yet another
layer of paint onto the bikeshed ( https://www.bikeshed.com/ ) and I do
apologize for the messy paintwork.

--
Dennis Clarke
RISC-V/SPARC/PPC/ARM/CISC
UNIX and Linux spoken


[1] the man page on ye old old Solaris 8
nix$ man grep
Reformatting page.  Please Wait... done



User Commands                                             grep(1)



NAME
      grep - search a file for a pattern

SYNOPSIS
      /usr/bin/grep [ -bchilnsvw ]  limited-regular-expression   [
      filename ... ]

      /usr/xpg4/bin/grep [ -E | -F ]   [  -c  |  -l   |  -q  ]   [
      -bhinsvwx  ]  -e pattern_list ...   [ -f pattern_file ]  ...
      [ file ... ]

      /usr/xpg4/bin/grep [ -E | -F ]   [  -c  |  -l   |  -q  ]   [
      -bhinsvwx ]  [ -e pattern_list ... ]  -f pattern_file ...  [
      file ... ]

      /usr/xpg4/bin/grep [ -E | -F ]   [  -c  |  -l   |  -q  ]   [
      -bhinsvwx ]  pattern  [ file ... ]

DESCRIPTION
      The grep utility searches  text  files  for  a  pattern  and
      prints  all lines that contain that pattern.  It uses a com-
      pact non-deterministic algorithm.

      Be careful using the characters $, *, [, ^, |, (, ),  and  \
      in  the pattern_list because they are also meaningful to the
      shell. It is safest to enclose the  entire  pattern_list  in
      single quotes  '... '.

      If no files are specified, grep assumes standard input. Nor-
      mally,  each  line  found  is copied to standard output. The
      file name is printed before each line found if there is more
      than one input file.

   /usr/bin/grep
      The /usr/bin/grep utility uses limited  regular  expressions
      like  those  described on the regexp(5) manual page to match
      the patterns.

   /usr/xpg4/bin/grep
      The options -E and  -F  affect  the  way  /usr/xpg4/bin/grep
      interprets     pattern_list.    If    -E    is    specified,
      /usr/xpg4/bin/grep interprets pattern_list as a full regular
      expression  (see  -E  for description).  If -F is specified,
      grep interprets pattern_list as a fixed string.  If  neither
      are specified, grep interprets pattern_list as a basic regu-
      lar expression as described on regex(5) manual page.

.
.
.

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Date: Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC)
From: "David G. Pickett" <dgpickett@HIDDEN>
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 Maybe the opposite: -only_lines_with_newline ? Most users consider a line =
at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a line, but perhaps some do not?
    On Friday, March 22, 2024 at 04:25:38 AM EDT, Niels M=C3=B6ller <nisse@=
lysator.liu.se> wrote: =20
=20
 Paul Eggert <eggert@HIDDEN> writes:

> On 3/21/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wrote:
>> I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit
>> successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the line to be
>> terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', that
>> is).
>
> Grep used to behave almost that way. It did wait for a newline but it
> did not wait for EOF. But people started complaining about that
> behavior so we changed it.

Some --exit-early option? Sounds reasonable, but not enough for my
usecase. And I understand it might be an undesirable default behavior of
-q: Not so nice if changing "foo | grep" to "foo | grep -q" could make
foo fail with EPIPE/SIGPIPE.

(BTW, man page says about the -q option "Exit immediately with zero
status if any match is found", from reading that, I would not expect
grep to continue to read the rest of the file until EOF).

> However, not waiting for a newline is problematic; although doable it
> would be a bit of a pain to program and not sure it's worth the
> effort. Grep didn't used to do that.

I only have a rather abstract understanding of regexp matching, but for
patterns that aren't extended to require backtracking, in principle it
should be doably to feed the state machine one character at a time, with
no buffering of input?

jackson@HIDDEN writes:

> If you're not sure whether your actual input of interest will end
> in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",
> thus for instance replacing your example:
>
>=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)
>
> with:
>
>=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &)

Not so easy when the input is the log output by a still running process
(in my case qemu).

> In any case, grep is quite line oriented,

Right. Maybe what I'm really looking for is a binary grep. For the time
being, I hacked together a tool that does just what I need for my qemu
test (no regexp matching, just matching a fix string starting at the
beginning of a line). See
https://git.glasklar.is/system-transparency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a574=
73ee361e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-for.go

I use this in combination with timeout (GNU coreutils) to fail the test
if no match for the login prompt is found within reasonable time.

A more general binary grep could match a regexp against a binary file or
stream, with options to exit on first match (my immediate usecase),
output the count of matches, or output the positions for each match. I
still think some of those features would make sense as part of GNU grep.

Regards,
/Niels

--=20
Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.
Internet email is subject to wholesale government surveillance.



 =20
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<html><head></head><body><div class=3D"ydp2d6dc6a8yahoo-style-wrap" style=
=3D"font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div=
></div>
        <div dir=3D"ltr" data-setdir=3D"false">Maybe the opposite: -only_li=
nes_with_newline ? Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing new=
line as still a line, but perhaps some do not?</div><div><br></div>
       =20
        </div><div id=3D"ydpc2a08418yahoo_quoted_1342462060" class=3D"ydpc2=
a08418yahoo_quoted">
            <div style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
               =20
                <div>
                        On Friday, March 22, 2024 at 04:25:38 AM EDT, Niels=
 M=C3=B6ller &lt;nisse@HIDDEN&gt; wrote:
                    </div>
                    <div><br></div>
                    <div><br></div>
               =20
               =20
                <div><div dir=3D"ltr">Paul Eggert &lt;<a shape=3D"rect" hre=
f=3D"mailto:eggert@HIDDEN" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">eggert@c=
s.ucla.edu</a>&gt; writes:<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; On 3/2=
1/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wrote:<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; I'm having =
grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit<br clear=3D"none"=
>&gt;&gt; successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the lin=
e to be<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; terminated by newline or EOF (unless the=
 grep pattern includes '$', that<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; is).<br clear=
=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt; Grep used to behave almost that way. =
It did wait for a newline but it<br clear=3D"none">&gt; did not wait for EO=
F. But people started complaining about that<br clear=3D"none">&gt; behavio=
r so we changed it.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Some --exit-early =
option? Sounds reasonable, but not enough for my<br clear=3D"none">usecase.=
 And I understand it might be an undesirable default behavior of<br clear=
=3D"none">-q: Not so nice if changing "foo | grep" to "foo | grep -q" could=
 make<br clear=3D"none">foo fail with EPIPE/SIGPIPE.<br clear=3D"none"><br =
clear=3D"none">(BTW, man page says about the -q option "Exit immediately wi=
th zero<br clear=3D"none">status if any match is found", from reading that,=
 I would not expect<br clear=3D"none">grep to continue to read the rest of =
the file until EOF).<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; However, not=
 waiting for a newline is problematic; although doable it<br clear=3D"none"=
>&gt; would be a bit of a pain to program and not sure it's worth the<br cl=
ear=3D"none">&gt; effort. Grep didn't used to do that.<br clear=3D"none"><b=
r clear=3D"none">I only have a rather abstract understanding of regexp matc=
hing, but for<br clear=3D"none">patterns that aren't extended to require ba=
cktracking, in principle it<br clear=3D"none">should be doably to feed the =
state machine one character at a time, with<br clear=3D"none">no buffering =
of input?<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"ma=
ilto:jackson@HIDDEN" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">jackson@fastm=
ail.com</a> writes:<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; If you're not=
 sure whether your actual input of interest will end<br clear=3D"none">&gt;=
 in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",<br clear=
=3D"none">&gt; thus for instance replacing your example:<br clear=3D"none">=
&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&nbsp;  grep -q foo &lt;(sh -c 'printf foo ; sle=
ep 30' &amp;)<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt; with:<br clear=
=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&nbsp;  grep -q foo &lt;(sh -c 'printf=
 foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &amp;)<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Not so =
easy when the input is the log output by a still running process<br clear=
=3D"none">(in my case qemu).<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; In a=
ny case, grep is quite line oriented,<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">=
Right. Maybe what I'm really looking for is a binary grep. For the time<br =
clear=3D"none">being, I hacked together a tool that does just what I need f=
or my qemu<br clear=3D"none">test (no regexp matching, just matching a fix =
string starting at the<br clear=3D"none">beginning of a line). See<br clear=
=3D"none"><a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"https://git.glasklar.is/system-transpar=
ency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a57473ee361e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integratio=
n/look-for/look-for.go" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank" fg_scanned=3D"1"=
 fg_rewritten=3D"1">https://git.glasklar.is/system-transparency/core/stboot=
/-/blob/43e91273a57473ee361e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-=
for.go</a><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">I use this in combination w=
ith timeout (GNU coreutils) to fail the test<br clear=3D"none">if no match =
for the login prompt is found within reasonable time.<br clear=3D"none"><br=
 clear=3D"none">A more general binary grep could match a regexp against a b=
inary file or<br clear=3D"none">stream, with options to exit on first match=
 (my immediate usecase),<br clear=3D"none">output the count of matches, or =
output the positions for each match. I<br clear=3D"none">still think some o=
f those features would make sense as part of GNU grep.<br clear=3D"none"><b=
r clear=3D"none">Regards,<div class=3D"ydpc2a08418yqt9521716873" id=3D"ydpc=
2a08418yqtfd83209"><br clear=3D"none">/Niels</div><br clear=3D"none"><br cl=
ear=3D"none">-- <br clear=3D"none">Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77=
D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.<br clear=3D"none">Internet email is subject to=
 wholesale government surveillance.<div class=3D"ydpc2a08418yqt9521716873" =
id=3D"ydpc2a08418yqtfd14238"><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><br clea=
r=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"></div></div></div>
            </div>
        </div></body></html>
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From: "David G. Pickett" <dgpickett@HIDDEN>
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  $ (echo foo;sleep 10;echo bar)|time grep -q foo;echo $?0.00user 0.00syste=
m 0:00.00elapsed 50%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 2432maxresident)k0inputs+0output=
s (0major+107minor)pagefaults 0swaps0$=C2=A0=C2=A0

The shell hangs for 10 seconds on its child pids but grep does not!
    On Thursday, March 21, 2024 at 11:03:49 AM EDT, Niels M=C3=B6ller <niss=
e@HIDDEN> wrote: =20
=20
 Niels M=C3=B6ller <nisse@HIDDEN> writes:

> E.g., if I run=20
>
>=C2=A0 (printf foo ; sleep 30) | grep -q foo
>
> I want grep to exit successfully right away. Currently, grep waits until
> it gets EOF on the input, 30 seconds later.

Sorry if I'm confused about how to script this. The following (bash
syntax) is a better example:

=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)

This blocks 30 seconds before exiting. In contrast,=20

=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c echo foo ; sleep 30' &)

(only difference is the newline at the end of the line) does exit
immediately.

Regards,
/Niels

--=20
Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.
Internet email is subject to wholesale government surveillance.



 =20
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Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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<html><head></head><body><div class=3D"ydpfbde170byahoo-style-wrap" style=
=3D"font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div=
></div>
        <div dir=3D"ltr" data-setdir=3D"false"><div><div dir=3D"ltr" data-s=
etdir=3D"false"> <div><div>$ (echo foo;sleep 10;echo bar)|time grep -q foo;=
echo $?</div><div>0.00user 0.00system 0:00.00elapsed 50%CPU (0avgtext+0avgd=
ata 2432maxresident)k</div><div>0inputs+0outputs (0major+107minor)pagefault=
s 0swaps</div><div>0</div><div>$&nbsp;</div></div>&nbsp;<br></div><div><br>=
</div></div>The shell hangs for 10 seconds on its child pids but grep does =
not!</div><div><br></div>
       =20
        </div><div id=3D"ydpffc77d87yahoo_quoted_1302395481" class=3D"ydpff=
c77d87yahoo_quoted">
            <div style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
               =20
                <div>
                        On Thursday, March 21, 2024 at 11:03:49 AM EDT, Nie=
ls M=C3=B6ller &lt;nisse@HIDDEN&gt; wrote:
                    </div>
                    <div><br></div>
                    <div><br></div>
               =20
               =20
                <div><div dir=3D"ltr">Niels M=C3=B6ller &lt;<a shape=3D"rec=
t" href=3D"mailto:nisse@HIDDEN" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">=
nisse@HIDDEN</a>&gt; writes:<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&=
gt; E.g., if I run <br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&nbsp;  (p=
rintf foo ; sleep 30) | grep -q foo<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none=
">&gt; I want grep to exit successfully right away. Currently, grep waits u=
ntil<br clear=3D"none">&gt; it gets EOF on the input, 30 seconds later.<br =
clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Sorry if I'm confused about how to script=
 this. The following (bash<br clear=3D"none">syntax) is a better example:<b=
r clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&nbsp; grep -q foo &lt;(sh -c 'printf f=
oo ; sleep 30' &amp;)<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">This blocks 30 s=
econds before exiting. In contrast, <br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&=
nbsp; grep -q foo &lt;(sh -c echo foo ; sleep 30' &amp;)<br clear=3D"none">=
<br clear=3D"none">(only difference is the newline at the end of the line) =
does exit<br clear=3D"none">immediately.<div class=3D"ydpffc77d87yqt4235990=
220" id=3D"ydpffc77d87yqtfd03832"><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Reg=
ards,<br clear=3D"none">/Niels<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">-- <br =
clear=3D"none">Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF3=
68C6677.<br clear=3D"none">Internet email is subject to wholesale governmen=
t surveillance.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><br=
 clear=3D"none"></div></div></div>
            </div>
        </div></body></html>
------=_Part_364346_1004816287.1711139659581--

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 $ (echo -n foo;sleep 10;echo bar)|time sh -c '(grep -q foo;echo $?)'00.00u=
ser 0.00system 0:10.00elapsed 0%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 2432maxresident)k0in=
puts+0outputs (0major+202minor)pagefaults 0swaps$ (echo -n foo;sleep 10)|ti=
me sh -c '(grep -q foo;echo $?)'00.00user 0.00system 0:10.00elapsed 0%CPU (=
0avgtext+0avgdata 2432maxresident)k0inputs+0outputs (0major+202minor)pagefa=
ults 0swaps$

    On Friday, March 22, 2024 at 04:43:56 PM EDT, David G. Pickett" via Bug=
 reports for GNU grep <bug-grep@HIDDEN> wrote: =20
=20
  Maybe the opposite: -only_lines_with_newline ? Most users consider a line=
 at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a line, but perhaps some do not=
?
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 On Friday, March 22, 2024 at 04:25:38 AM EDT, Niels M=C3=B6ll=
er <nisse@HIDDEN> wrote:=C2=A0=20
=20
 Paul Eggert <eggert@HIDDEN> writes:

> On 3/21/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wrote:
>> I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I would like grep to exit
>> successfully as soon as a match occurs, without requiring the line to be
>> terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', that
>> is).
>
> Grep used to behave almost that way. It did wait for a newline but it
> did not wait for EOF. But people started complaining about that
> behavior so we changed it.

Some --exit-early option? Sounds reasonable, but not enough for my
usecase. And I understand it might be an undesirable default behavior of
-q: Not so nice if changing "foo | grep" to "foo | grep -q" could make
foo fail with EPIPE/SIGPIPE.

(BTW, man page says about the -q option "Exit immediately with zero
status if any match is found", from reading that, I would not expect
grep to continue to read the rest of the file until EOF).

> However, not waiting for a newline is problematic; although doable it
> would be a bit of a pain to program and not sure it's worth the
> effort. Grep didn't used to do that.

I only have a rather abstract understanding of regexp matching, but for
patterns that aren't extended to require backtracking, in principle it
should be doably to feed the state machine one character at a time, with
no buffering of input?

jackson@HIDDEN writes:

> If you're not sure whether your actual input of interest will end
> in a newline, can you add one, to "feed grep's newline hunger",
> thus for instance replacing your example:
>
>=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &)
>
> with:
>
>=C2=A0 grep -q foo <(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &)

Not so easy when the input is the log output by a still running process
(in my case qemu).

> In any case, grep is quite line oriented,

Right. Maybe what I'm really looking for is a binary grep. For the time
being, I hacked together a tool that does just what I need for my qemu
test (no regexp matching, just matching a fix string starting at the
beginning of a line). See
https://git.glasklar.is/system-transparency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a574=
73ee361e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-for.go

I use this in combination with timeout (GNU coreutils) to fail the test
if no match for the login prompt is found within reasonable time.

A more general binary grep could match a regexp against a binary file or
stream, with options to exit on first match (my immediate usecase),
output the count of matches, or output the positions for each match. I
still think some of those features would make sense as part of GNU grep.

Regards,
/Niels

--=20
Niels M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.
Internet email is subject to wholesale government surveillance.



=C2=A0=20
 =20
------=_Part_372592_2097052084.1711141309673
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html><head></head><body><div class=3D"ydp1d981aa1yahoo-style-wrap" style=
=3D"font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div=
></div>
        <div><div><div dir=3D"ltr" data-setdir=3D"false">$ (echo -n foo;sle=
ep 10;echo bar)|time sh -c '(grep -q foo;echo $?)'</div><div>0</div><div>0.=
00user 0.00system 0:10.00elapsed 0%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 2432maxresident)k=
</div><div>0inputs+0outputs (0major+202minor)pagefaults 0swaps</div><div>$ =
(echo -n foo;sleep 10)|time sh -c '(grep -q foo;echo $?)'</div><div>0</div>=
<div>0.00user 0.00system 0:10.00elapsed 0%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 2432maxres=
ident)k</div><div>0inputs+0outputs (0major+202minor)pagefaults 0swaps</div>=
<div>$</div></div><br></div><div><br></div>
       =20
        </div><div id=3D"ydpbcaf6ce1yahoo_quoted_2128164301" class=3D"ydpbc=
af6ce1yahoo_quoted">
            <div style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
               =20
                <div>
                        On Friday, March 22, 2024 at 04:43:56 PM EDT, David=
 G. Pickett" via Bug reports for GNU grep &lt;bug-grep@HIDDEN&gt; wrote:
                    </div>
                    <div><br></div>
                    <div><br></div>
               =20
               =20
                <div><div dir=3D"ltr"> Maybe the opposite: -only_lines_with=
_newline ? Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as =
still a line, but perhaps some do not?<div class=3D"ydpbcaf6ce1yqt489726980=
8" id=3D"ydpbcaf6ce1yqtfd44453"><br clear=3D"none">&nbsp; &nbsp; On Friday,=
 March 22, 2024 at 04:25:38 AM EDT, Niels M=C3=B6ller &lt;<a shape=3D"rect"=
 href=3D"mailto:nisse@HIDDEN" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">ni=
sse@HIDDEN</a>&gt; wrote:&nbsp; <br clear=3D"none"> <br clear=3D"no=
ne"> Paul Eggert &lt;<a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"mailto:eggert@HIDDEN" r=
el=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">eggert@HIDDEN</a>&gt; writes:<br cle=
ar=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; On 3/21/24 06:57, Niels M=C3=B6ller wro=
te:<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; I'm having grep -q read input from a pipe. I=
 would like grep to exit<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; successfully as soon as=
 a match occurs, without requiring the line to be<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt=
; terminated by newline or EOF (unless the grep pattern includes '$', that<=
br clear=3D"none">&gt;&gt; is).<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&g=
t; Grep used to behave almost that way. It did wait for a newline but it<br=
 clear=3D"none">&gt; did not wait for EOF. But people started complaining a=
bout that<br clear=3D"none">&gt; behavior so we changed it.<br clear=3D"non=
e"><br clear=3D"none">Some --exit-early option? Sounds reasonable, but not =
enough for my<br clear=3D"none">usecase. And I understand it might be an un=
desirable default behavior of<br clear=3D"none">-q: Not so nice if changing=
 "foo | grep" to "foo | grep -q" could make<br clear=3D"none">foo fail with=
 EPIPE/SIGPIPE.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">(BTW, man page says ab=
out the -q option "Exit immediately with zero<br clear=3D"none">status if a=
ny match is found", from reading that, I would not expect<br clear=3D"none"=
>grep to continue to read the rest of the file until EOF).<br clear=3D"none=
"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; However, not waiting for a newline is problematic=
; although doable it<br clear=3D"none">&gt; would be a bit of a pain to pro=
gram and not sure it's worth the<br clear=3D"none">&gt; effort. Grep didn't=
 used to do that.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">I only have a rather=
 abstract understanding of regexp matching, but for<br clear=3D"none">patte=
rns that aren't extended to require backtracking, in principle it<br clear=
=3D"none">should be doably to feed the state machine one character at a tim=
e, with<br clear=3D"none">no buffering of input?<br clear=3D"none"><br clea=
r=3D"none"><a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"mailto:jackson@HIDDEN" rel=3D"no=
follow" target=3D"_blank">jackson@HIDDEN</a> writes:<br clear=3D"none=
"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; If you're not sure whether your actual input of i=
nterest will end<br clear=3D"none">&gt; in a newline, can you add one, to "=
feed grep's newline hunger",<br clear=3D"none">&gt; thus for instance repla=
cing your example:<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&nbsp; grep=
 -q foo &lt;(sh -c 'printf foo ; sleep 30' &amp;)<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br=
 clear=3D"none">&gt; with:<br clear=3D"none">&gt;<br clear=3D"none">&gt;&nb=
sp; grep -q foo &lt;(sh -c 'printf foo ; echo ; sleep 30' &amp;)<br clear=
=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Not so easy when the input is the log output b=
y a still running process<br clear=3D"none">(in my case qemu).<br clear=3D"=
none"><br clear=3D"none">&gt; In any case, grep is quite line oriented,<br =
clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Right. Maybe what I'm really looking for =
is a binary grep. For the time<br clear=3D"none">being, I hacked together a=
 tool that does just what I need for my qemu<br clear=3D"none">test (no reg=
exp matching, just matching a fix string starting at the<br clear=3D"none">=
beginning of a line). See<br clear=3D"none"><a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"https=
://git.glasklar.is/system-transparency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a57473ee3=
61e332926b88c1b4fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-for.go" rel=3D"nofollow" =
target=3D"_blank" fg_scanned=3D"1" fg_rewritten=3D"1">https://git.glasklar.=
is/system-transparency/core/stboot/-/blob/43e91273a57473ee361e332926b88c1b4=
fe9917a/integration/look-for/look-for.go</a><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D=
"none">I use this in combination with timeout (GNU coreutils) to fail the t=
est<br clear=3D"none">if no match for the login prompt is found within reas=
onable time.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">A more general binary gre=
p could match a regexp against a binary file or<br clear=3D"none">stream, w=
ith options to exit on first match (my immediate usecase),<br clear=3D"none=
">output the count of matches, or output the positions for each match. I<br=
 clear=3D"none">still think some of those features would make sense as part=
 of GNU grep.<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Regards,<br clear=3D"non=
e">/Niels<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">-- <br clear=3D"none">Niels =
M=C3=B6ller. PGP key CB4962D070D77D7FCB8BA36271D8F1FF368C6677.<br clear=3D"=
none">Internet email is subject to wholesale government surveillance.<br cl=
ear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">&nbsp=
; <br clear=3D"none"></div></div></div>
            </div>
        </div></body></html>
------=_Part_372592_2097052084.1711141309673--

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On 3/22/24 12:25, Dennis Clarke via Bug reports for GNU grep wrote:
> Old Solaris 8, once fully patched, was definately
> compliant with SUSv2 which is all of POSIX.1b-1993, POSIX.1c-1996

POSIX does not specify the behavior of grep when the input is not a text 
file, and a file that ends in a non-newline is not a text file. So 
Solaris grep and GNU grep can do what they like when the input ends in a 
non-newline; they don't have to agree with each other.

Message sent to bug-grep@HIDDEN:

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On 3/22/24 17:12, Paul Eggert wrote:
> On 3/22/24 12:25, Dennis Clarke via Bug reports for GNU grep wrote:
>> Old Solaris 8, once fully patched, was definately
>> compliant with SUSv2 which is all of POSIX.1b-1993, POSIX.1c-1996
> 
> POSIX does not specify the behavior of grep when the input is not a text 
> file, and a file that ends in a non-newline is not a text file. So 
> Solaris grep and GNU grep can do what they like when the input ends in a 
> non-newline; they don't have to agree with each other.

re "a file that ends in a non-newline is not a text file" <-- really?

That is a new one on me. Regardless ... this is entirely a GNU sed
discussion so the comparison to some XPG4 grep from old old Solaris
is not really all that helpful. Sorry.


--
Dennis Clarke
RISC-V/SPARC/PPC/ARM/CISC
UNIX and Linux spoken

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On 3/22/24 16:42, David G. Pickett via Bug reports for GNU grep wrote:
 >
 > Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as
 > still a line, but perhaps some do not?
 >



Good ol "wc" says it is not a line.  I would go with what "wc" claims.



--
Dennis Clarke
RISC-V/SPARC/PPC/ARM/CISC
UNIX and Linux spoken

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Hello David!

Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" via Bug reports for GNU grep <bug-grep@HIDDEN>:
> Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a line, but perhaps some do not?

Well, POSIX doesn't: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206

The definition may cause trouble with shell's read - e.g. when reading a file created on Windows with notepad where it is easy to accidentally create an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't know an easy way).

Best regards,

Martin

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Hello David!

Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" via Bug reports for GNU grep <bug-grep@HIDDEN>:
> Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a line, but perhaps some do not?

Well, POSIX doesn't: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206

The definition may cause trouble with shell's read - e.g. when reading a file created on Windows with notepad where it is easy to accidentally create an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't know an easy way).

Best regards,

Martin

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From: "David G. Pickett" <dgpickett@HIDDEN>
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 Perhaps the man page should warn users that such last lines are ignored.=
=C2=A0 Is there a mention under an option to include or disclude them?
    On Saturday, March 23, 2024 at 05:08:08 PM EDT, Martin Schulte <gnu@sch=
rader-schulte.de> wrote: =20
=20
 Hello David!

Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" via Bug=
 reports for GNU grep <bug-grep@HIDDEN>:
> Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a l=
ine, but perhaps some do not?

Well, POSIX doesn't: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/based=
efs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206

The definition may cause trouble with shell's read - e.g. when reading a fi=
le created on Windows with notepad where it is easy to accidentally create =
an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't know an easy way).

Best regards,

Martin
 =20
------=_Part_701865_782572518.1711285573253
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html><head></head><body><div class=3D"ydp2a91bb1byahoo-style-wrap" style=
=3D"font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div=
></div>
        <div dir=3D"ltr" data-setdir=3D"false">Perhaps the man page should =
warn users that such last lines are ignored.&nbsp; Is there a mention under=
 an option to include or disclude them?</div><div><br></div>
       =20
        </div><div id=3D"ydpe7757f36yahoo_quoted_1981245814" class=3D"ydpe7=
757f36yahoo_quoted">
            <div style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
               =20
                <div>
                        On Saturday, March 23, 2024 at 05:08:08 PM EDT, Mar=
tin Schulte &lt;gnu@HIDDEN&gt; wrote:
                    </div>
                    <div><br></div>
                    <div><br></div>
               =20
               =20
                <div><div dir=3D"ltr">Hello David!<br clear=3D"none"><div c=
lass=3D"ydpe7757f36yqt7747476598" id=3D"ydpe7757f36yqtfd48485"><br clear=3D=
"none">Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" =
via Bug reports for GNU grep &lt;<a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"mailto:bug-grep@=
gnu.org" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">bug-grep@HIDDEN</a>&gt;:<br cl=
ear=3D"none">&gt; Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newl=
ine as still a line, but perhaps some do not?</div><br clear=3D"none"><br c=
lear=3D"none">Well, POSIX doesn't: <a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"https://pubs.o=
pengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206" rel=
=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank" fg_scanned=3D"1">https://pubs.opengroup.org=
/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206</a><br clear=3D"n=
one"><br clear=3D"none">The definition may cause trouble with shell's read =
- e.g. when reading a file created on Windows with notepad where it is easy=
 to accidentally create an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't kn=
ow an easy way).<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Best regards,<br clea=
r=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Martin<div class=3D"ydpe7757f36yqt7747476598"=
 id=3D"ydpe7757f36yqtfd30186"><br clear=3D"none"></div></div></div>
            </div>
        </div></body></html>
------=_Part_701865_782572518.1711285573253--

Message sent to bug-grep@HIDDEN:

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------=_Part_701865_782572518.1711285573253
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

 Perhaps the man page should warn users that such last lines are ignored.=
=C2=A0 Is there a mention under an option to include or disclude them?
    On Saturday, March 23, 2024 at 05:08:08 PM EDT, Martin Schulte <gnu@sch=
rader-schulte.de> wrote: =20
=20
 Hello David!

Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" via Bug=
 reports for GNU grep <bug-grep@HIDDEN>:
> Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newline as still a l=
ine, but perhaps some do not?

Well, POSIX doesn't: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/based=
efs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206

The definition may cause trouble with shell's read - e.g. when reading a fi=
le created on Windows with notepad where it is easy to accidentally create =
an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't know an easy way).

Best regards,

Martin
 =20
------=_Part_701865_782572518.1711285573253
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html><head></head><body><div class=3D"ydp2a91bb1byahoo-style-wrap" style=
=3D"font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div=
></div>
        <div dir=3D"ltr" data-setdir=3D"false">Perhaps the man page should =
warn users that such last lines are ignored.&nbsp; Is there a mention under=
 an option to include or disclude them?</div><div><br></div>
       =20
        </div><div id=3D"ydpe7757f36yahoo_quoted_1981245814" class=3D"ydpe7=
757f36yahoo_quoted">
            <div style=3D"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
               =20
                <div>
                        On Saturday, March 23, 2024 at 05:08:08 PM EDT, Mar=
tin Schulte &lt;gnu@HIDDEN&gt; wrote:
                    </div>
                    <div><br></div>
                    <div><br></div>
               =20
               =20
                <div><div dir=3D"ltr">Hello David!<br clear=3D"none"><div c=
lass=3D"ydpe7757f36yqt7747476598" id=3D"ydpe7757f36yqtfd48485"><br clear=3D=
"none">Am Fri, 22 Mar 2024 20:42:12 +0000 (UTC) schrieb "David G. Pickett" =
via Bug reports for GNU grep &lt;<a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"mailto:bug-grep@=
gnu.org" rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank">bug-grep@HIDDEN</a>&gt;:<br cl=
ear=3D"none">&gt; Most users consider a line at EOF lacking a trailing newl=
ine as still a line, but perhaps some do not?</div><br clear=3D"none"><br c=
lear=3D"none">Well, POSIX doesn't: <a shape=3D"rect" href=3D"https://pubs.o=
pengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206" rel=
=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank" fg_scanned=3D"1">https://pubs.opengroup.org=
/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_206</a><br clear=3D"n=
one"><br clear=3D"none">The definition may cause trouble with shell's read =
- e.g. when reading a file created on Windows with notepad where it is easy=
 to accidentally create an incomplete line (compared to vi where I don't kn=
ow an easy way).<br clear=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Best regards,<br clea=
r=3D"none"><br clear=3D"none">Martin<div class=3D"ydpe7757f36yqt7747476598"=
 id=3D"ydpe7757f36yqtfd30186"><br clear=3D"none"></div></div></div>
            </div>
        </div></body></html>
------=_Part_701865_782572518.1711285573253--

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On 2024-03-24 06:06, David G. Pickett wrote:
>   Perhaps the man page should warn users that such last lines are ignored.

They aren't ignored. And the documentation already covers this issue, on 
its very first page:

https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Introduction.html

This says, "If the final byte of an input file is not a newline, grep 
silently supplies one."

I doubt whether this minor issue should be covered in the man page, as 
it is merely a brief summary of the documentation.

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On 2024-03-24 06:06, David G. Pickett wrote:
>   Perhaps the man page should warn users that such last lines are ignored.

They aren't ignored. And the documentation already covers this issue, on 
its very first page:

https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Introduction.html

This says, "If the final byte of an input file is not a newline, grep 
silently supplies one."

I doubt whether this minor issue should be covered in the man page, as 
it is merely a brief summary of the documentation.

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On 2024-03-24, Paul Eggert wrote:
> On 2024-03-24 06:06, David G. Pickett wrote:
> >  Perhaps the man page should warn users that such last lines are ignored.
> 
> They aren't ignored. And the documentation already covers this issue,
> on its very first page:
> 
> https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Introduction.html
> 
> This says, "If the final byte of an input file is not a newline, grep
> silently supplies one."
> 
> I doubt whether this minor issue should be covered in the man page,
> as it is merely a brief summary of the documentation.

I would call the man page a _concise_ summary of the behavior of the
topic program or function, but I don't think it should be an
abridged summary.  It should be complete.  There should not be any
feature or behavior of the program or function completely missing
from the man page.  Other documentation may expand upon and further
explain behavior, but it should not contain the only mention of some
behavior.

Exceptions may be made for larger, more complicated programs such
as gnuplot, make or gdb, that do require a full manual apart from
a man page, but grep is small enough in concept that it shouldn't
require the user to read anything outside of the man page.

My unsolicited $0.02.

Regards,
Gary

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On 2024-03-24 23:47, Gary Johnson wrote:
> grep is small enough in concept that it shouldn't
> require the user to read anything outside of the man page.

Maybe grep's concept is simple, but the program itself is not that 
simple. For example, the grep man page doesn't document all the ins and 
outs of PCREs. (Not even the manual does that!)

The GNU Coding Standards are pretty clear that man pages are 
secondary.[1] To some extent the GNU grep man page is already too long 
and detailed. FreeBSD's grep man page[2] is a better length (and 
amusingly, it also doesn't mention the minor detail of files ending in 
non-newline).

[1]: https://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/html_node/Man-Pages.html
[2]: https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=grep

Last modified: Mon, 25 Mar 2024 16:30:02 UTC

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