GNU bug report logs - #74912
Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout, starts new instance on login

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Package: guix; Severity: important; Reported by: Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN>; merged with #67863, #76998; Done: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>; Maintainer for guix is bug-guix@HIDDEN.

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From: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
To: Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: bug#76998: Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout,
 starts new instance on login
User-Agent: mu4e 1.12.9; emacs 29.4
Date: Sun, 18 May 2025 14:30:49 +0200
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 Content preview:  Hi Ludo, That is not a fix. It's a workaround for now. It's
 good that the "is a shepherd already running" check is back in shepherd.
 It was in shepherd years ago, then got removed without explanation, then now
 it's back again (now in a very convoluted but [...] 
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 Content preview:  Hi Ludo, That is not a fix. It's a workaround for now. It's
    good that the "is a shepherd already running" check is back in shepherd.
   It was in shepherd years ago, then got removed without explanation, then now
    it's back again (now in a very convoluted but [...] 
 
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                             manager

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi Ludo,

That is not a fix.  It's a workaround for now.

It's good that the "is a shepherd already running" check is back in shepher=
d.  It was in shepherd years ago, then got removed without explanation, the=
n now it's back again (now in a very convoluted but safer way).  This shoul=
dn't have been removed in the first place.  It's EXTREMELY dangerous to hav=
e multiple parallel shepherds for the same user (automated backup service d=
estroying backups etc).  Please, let's not remove it ever again.

In any case, what shepherd 1.0.4 does is stop the bleeding, but not fix the=
 problem:
It prevents two (or 100) user shepherds for the same user from running in p=
arallel.
It does not stop shepherd when a user closed all their sessions.

Why close this bug report before elogind is patched and before ~/.bash_logo=
ut is generated in guix home?  That makes no sense.

Also, I don't understand why this is so broken for so long.  Isn't Guix use=
d in HPC?
Doesn't HPC need support for multiple sessions for the same user on day one?

My untested elogind patch that invokes shepherd root stop is attached.  Rea=
ding the elogind source code, especially what they patched out and what the=
y added themselves, makes me despair.  Why is it so terrible?  That all use=
d to be fine! :P

Even my patch is not great.  A service manager's job is to manage services.=
  PID 1 is the main service manager.  It should manage services.  One of th=
ose services should be the user's shepherd, which should be managed by PID =
1 shepherd and not weirdly attached to an already-running session (WTF!) of=
 the user by this:

~$ cat ~/.profile
HOME_ENVIRONMENT=3D$HOME/.guix-home
. $HOME_ENVIRONMENT/setup-environment
$HOME_ENVIRONMENT/on-first-login
unset HOME_ENVIRONMENT

In my opinion, no one but the service manager should manage services.  Does=
 ~/.profile look like a service manager?  No :P

I understand that we want to support this on non-guix-system stuff.  But th=
e default should be a systemd user service to run the user shepherd.  If th=
e user absolutely wants to do a workaround like ~/.profile above, fine, the=
y can.  But let's not do that by default.

The problems with my elogind patch are the following:
- What if "herd stop root -s ..." hangs?  Then elogind hangs forever?  No o=
ne can log in or out anymore?=C2=A0 That's not okay.  Therefore, I don't wa=
it.  Now user processes can have the floor upon they are walking removed on=
 user stop, while they still need it :P
- When can /run/user/1000 be deleted?  There's a weird GC mechanism in elog=
ind for that, and my patch says it can be deleted before waiting on the res=
ult of herd stop (see above why).  If I DID wait on the result of herd stop=
, I could wait indefinitely--which is not okay.  I think elogind uses signa=
lfd, so I can't waitpid in a random spot either, or wait until waitpid retu=
rned.  I think the user shepherd knows when to delete /run/user/1000--and n=
o one else.  But if user shepherd crashes, it won't delete /run/user/1000 a=
nd we want it to be able to start again even when /run/user/1000 is still t=
here.  Hence complicated shepherd fix in 1.0.4 is useful.
- There is tool_fork_pid and sleep_fork_pid in elogind which is not a queue=
.  And, again, that is trying to be a service manager.  What if those scrip=
ts hang?  What if they DON'T hang?  Similar questions as before.  Separate =
the concerns already :P

Personally, I'd also like something that, if all sessions of user x are clo=
sed, it kills all remaining processes of that effective user id.  elogind h=
as a setting KillUserProcesses that--despite the name--kills (WHICH!?) proc=
esses when a SESSION (of 42 sessions of that user :P) is closed.  Who wants=
 THAT?  And even if someone does: how would THAT be implemented?

elogind is like containers never happened.  It's so weird.

I think to fix this problem for good, first there needs to be a system diag=
ram created on how this is supposed to work.


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=ELOGIND.patch
Content-Description: elogind patch for shepherd

License: elogind's license
Author: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
Date: 2025-05-18

diff -ru orig/18rk21n7l3yniy1rvlcdnwgnnvafivf0-elogind-255.17-checkout/src/login/logind-user.c 18rk21n7l3yniy1rvlcdnwgnnvafivf0-elogind-255.17-checkout/src/login/logind-user.c
--- orig/18rk21n7l3yniy1rvlcdnwgnnvafivf0-elogind-255.17-checkout/src/login/logind-user.c	2025-05-10 13:54:28.999814332 +0200
+++ 18rk21n7l3yniy1rvlcdnwgnnvafivf0-elogind-255.17-checkout/src/login/logind-user.c	2025-05-10 15:48:33.872775240 +0200
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <spawn.h>
 
 #include "alloc-util.h"
 //#include "bus-common-errors.h"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "format-util.h"
 #include "fs-util.h"
 #include "hashmap.h"
+#include "string-util.h"
 // #include "label-util.h"
 #include "limits-util.h"
 #include "logind-dbus.h"
@@ -506,24 +508,45 @@
         return 0;
 }
 
-#if 0 /// elogind does not support user services and systemd units
 static void user_stop_service(User *u, bool force) {
-        _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(u);
-        assert(u->service);
-
-        /* The reverse of user_start_service(). Note that we only stop user@HIDDEN here, and let StopWhenUnneeded=
-         * deal with the slice and the user-runtime-dir@.service instance. */
-
-        u->service_job = mfree(u->service_job);
-
-        r = manager_stop_unit(u->manager, u->service, force ? "replace" : "fail", &error, &u->service_job);
-        if (r < 0)
-                log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to stop user service '%s', ignoring: %s", u->service, bus_error_message(&error, r));
+	assert(u);
+	if (u->runtime_path != NULL) {
+		pid_t pid;
+		/* TODO: maybe just /run/booted-system/profile/bin/pkill -u u->user_record->uid ;
+		TODO: maybe just loginctl kill-user x; maybe that's us.
+		That eventually calls user_kill, which elogind patched to not kill the user
+		service or, really, do anything useful.
+		u->slice would be the unit name if it worked.
+		Note: u->user_record->kill_processes is for sessions, not users.
+		See also user_unit_active. */
+		const char *executable = "/run/booted-system/profile/bin/herd";
+		char* socket_path_arg = strjoina(u->runtime_path, "/shepherd/socket");
+		char *argv[] = {
+			(char *) executable,
+			"stop",
+			"root",
+			"-s",
+			socket_path_arg,
+			NULL,
+		};
+		int spawn_status = posix_spawn(&pid, executable, NULL, NULL, argv, environ);
+		if (spawn_status != 0) {
+			log_error_errno(spawn_status, "Failed to invoke %s: %m", executable);
+		} else {
+			if (u->manager != NULL) {
+				/* TODO: Do we overwrite someone here? */
+				u->manager->tool_fork_pid = pid;
+				/* elogind_sigchld_handler unsets it.  Not sure how we'd notice.
+				Note: elogind patched out the service_job handling which means
+				that user_may_gc will return true as soon as u->stopping == true
+				instead of checking whether the user service is still running. */
+			} else {
+				/* ??? */
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	user_add_to_gc_queue(u);
 }
-#endif // 0
 
 int user_stop(User *u, bool force) {
         int r = 0;
@@ -552,11 +575,7 @@
                         r = k;
         }
 
-#if 0 /// elogind does not support service or slice jobs...
         user_stop_service(u, force);
-#else // 0
-        user_add_to_gc_queue(u);
-#endif // 0
 
         u->stopping = true;
 

--=-=-=--




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.
Did not alter fixed versions and reopened. Request was from Debbugs Internal Request <help-debbugs@HIDDEN> to internal_control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.

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Date: Thu, 15 May 2025 19:50:25 +0930
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Subject: Re: bug#76998: Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout, starts new
 instance on login
To: =?UTF-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
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> is /run/user/$UID deleted when logging out?

I think so, since the timestamps in /run/uswr/$UID are updated to the
new login time.

Jake

On Thu, 15 May 2025 at 6:03=E2=80=AFpm, Ludovic Court=C3=A8s <ludo@HIDDEN>=
 wrote:

> Hi Jake,
>
> Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN> writes:
>
> > That commit made a difference but didn't fix the problem for me.
> > After a couple of relogs since the last reboot:
>
> Hmm is /run/user/$UID deleted when logging out?  This would explain that
> the fix in the Shepherd doesn=E2=80=99t make any difference.
>
> Ludo=E2=80=99.
>

--0000000000003c77b206352a0464
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
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<div><div dir=3D"auto"><span style=3D"font-family:-apple-system,helveticane=
ue;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;t=
ext-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text=
-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline!important;background-color:rgba(=
0,0,0,0);border-color:rgb(0,0,0) rgb(0,0,0) rgb(0,0,0) rgb(204,204,204);col=
or:rgb(0,0,0)">&gt; is /run/user/$UID deleted when logging out?</span></div=
><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">I think so, since the timestamps in /run/uswr/=
$UID are updated to the new=C2=A0login time.</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></d=
iv><div dir=3D"auto">Jake</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br><div class=3D"gmail_qu=
ote gmail_quote_container" dir=3D"auto"><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_att=
r">On Thu, 15 May 2025 at 6:03=E2=80=AFpm, Ludovic Court=C3=A8s &lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:ludo@HIDDEN">ludo@HIDDEN</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote c=
lass=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1p=
x;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,20=
4)">Hi Jake,<br>
<br>
Jake &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:jforst.mailman@HIDDEN" target=3D"_blank">jfor=
st.mailman@HIDDEN</a>&gt; writes:<br>
<br>
&gt; That commit made a difference but didn&#39;t fix the problem for me.<b=
r>
&gt; After a couple of relogs since the last reboot:<br>
<br>
Hmm is /run/user/$UID deleted when logging out?=C2=A0 This would explain th=
at<br>
the fix in the Shepherd doesn=E2=80=99t make any difference.<br>
<br>
Ludo=E2=80=99.<br>
</blockquote></div></div>

--0000000000003c77b206352a0464--




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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#76998: Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout, starts new
 instance on login
In-Reply-To: <CAJqVjv_uSbP+wFryb_Kk8w3ZqTr3PYsF5jBnt1wsiSKcn+AyPg@HIDDEN>
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Hi Jake,

Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN> writes:

> That commit made a difference but didn't fix the problem for me.
> After a couple of relogs since the last reboot:

Hmm is /run/user/$UID deleted when logging out?  This would explain that
the fix in the Shepherd doesn=E2=80=99t make any difference.

Ludo=E2=80=99.




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
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Hi Ludo=E2=80=99

That commit made a difference but didn't fix the problem for me.
After a couple of relogs since the last reboot:

$ herd --v
herd (GNU Shepherd) 1.0.4
Copyright (C) 2025 the Shepherd authors
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.htm=
l
>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law

$ pgrep shepherd
1
1491
9303
28426

$ herd status
Started:
 + gpg-agent
 + root
 + timer
 + transient
Running timers:
 + log-rotation
Failed to start:
 ! dicod

The only difference from before is that now that home dicod service fails
to start on relog.

Thanks
Jake

--0000000000001abb2d0635234362
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hi Ludo=E2=80=99</div><div><br></div><div>That commit=
 made a difference but didn&#39;t fix the problem for me.</div><div>After a=
 couple of relogs since the last reboot:<br><br><div style=3D"margin-left:4=
0px">$ herd --v<br>herd (GNU Shepherd) 1.0.4<br>Copyright (C) 2025 the Shep=
herd authors<br>License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later &lt;<a href=3D"h=
ttp://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html</a>&gt;<b=
r>This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.<br>The=
re is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law<br><br>$ pgrep shepherd<b=
r>1<br>1491<br>9303<br>28426<br><br>$ herd status<br>Started:<br>=C2=A0+ gp=
g-agent<br>=C2=A0+ root<br>=C2=A0+ timer<br>=C2=A0+ transient<br>Running ti=
mers:<br>=C2=A0+ log-rotation<br>Failed to start:<br>=C2=A0! dicod</div></d=
iv><div><br></div><div>The only difference from before is that now that hom=
e dicod service fails to start on relog.</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks</d=
iv><div>Jake</div></div>

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#76998: Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout, starts new
 instance on login
In-Reply-To: <874iyrkvx7.fsf@HIDDEN> ("Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s=22'?=
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Hi,

Ludovic Court=C3=A8s <ludo@HIDDEN> writes:

> So shepherd will now refuse to start when it determines that an instance
> is already listening on its socket:
>
>   https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/shepherd.git/commit/?id=3D787d5a33aea=
061b5052faa0863c96be722440ce3

This commit is in 1.0.4.  Closing!

Ludo=E2=80=99.




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
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Hi Danny and all,

Following reports by Daniel Littlewood, who talked about involuntarily
running a second shepherd instance shadowing the previous one (this time
not in a Guix Home context), I realized shepherd itself could avoid this
entirely.

So shepherd will now refuse to start when it determines that an instance
is already listening on its socket:

  https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/shepherd.git/commit/?id=3D787d5a33aea06=
1b5052faa0863c96be722440ce3

Feedback welcome!

Ludo=E2=80=99.




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bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

Message received at 74912 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
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Hi Danny,

Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN> skribis:

> I would suggest the following:
>
> (1) For Guix native, patch elogind[i] to also kill -TERM shepherd
> (See user_stop_service--which is for that).
> How does it find the shepherd process, specifically?

I think =E2=80=98user_stop_service=E2=80=99 could run:

  herd stop root -s /run/user/$UID/shepherd/socket

> So elogind probably could also start
>
>   /run/current-system/profile/bin/shepherd
>   (with which config?)
>
> on first user session login (and remember its pid)
> (See user_start_service--which is for that, anyway).

Oh yes, that too.

> (2) When a foreign distro uses systemd (there's a very high chance it
> does), then we can just install shepherd as a systemd user unit
> (from guix-install.sh).  systemd will do the right thing, the end.

I wouldn=E2=80=99t do it from =E2=80=98guix-install.sh=E2=80=99 because it =
only makes sense if
you=E2=80=99re going to use Guix Home; and if you use Guix Home, it has its=
 own
way of starting shepherd.

> (3) Maybe use .bash_logout and have it invoke "w" (or "loginctl") to see
> whether we are the last session of that user (that would have a race...).
> If we are, then kill shepherd.

Yes.

Question is how to keep Home portable between Guix and foreign distros.
Neither the elogind nor the systemd approach are portable; the
=E2=80=98.bash_logout=E2=80=99 thing may be portable, but it=E2=80=99s prob=
ably more fragile.

Maybe we shouldn=E2=80=99t try to be portable, and first start by fixing the
problem on Guix System?

> What about shepherd's child processes (for example services)?
> Will shepherd clean those up on shepherd termination?

Yes: if you =E2=80=98herd stop root=E2=80=99 or send SIGTERM to shepherd, i=
t will shut
down all the services properly.

Thanks,
Ludo=E2=80=99.




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From: Danny Milosavljevic <dannym@HIDDEN>
To: Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
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Hi,

>KillUserProcesses

Warning: That actually runs on every session logout (if enabled at all),
not just once per user.  Also, I think session_stop_scope is commented
out in our elogind, so it won't actually kill anything.  If it hadn't been
commented out, it would have used dbus to communicate with systemd to
stop a special (session) scope unit (see "manager_stop_unit").  That is
a good idea--to have only one guy managing all the user processes
(in order to prevent races).

>We could patch elogind to add new RemoveRuntimeDirectory boolean flag to
>allow keeping the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR even after last log out (I personally
>would prefer that behavior anyway).

About the implication:
I would prefer if random user processes would not linger after I logged out.
What possible good can come from that?  And definitely not have my
user services linger after I logged out.

> ~/.bash_logout?

I think first we have to decide whether shepherd should run per user or
per session.  These are not the same.  This is a design decision--and it
HAS to be decided--otherwise nothing will work right.  There is a risk
of data loss (backups run by shepherd step on each other's toes etc)
until that's decided.

I think shepherd should be run once per user, not per session.

I also think the on-first-login handling in guix home means that at
least guix home has already decided on shepherd once per user.

There used to be a check in shepherd to ensure that it can only run at
most once per user at the same time.  It wasn't perfect--but I mean that
even shepherd itself apparently had decided on shepherd once per user.

>>> 2. Shepherd could shutdown gracefully when the control socket is deleted
>> from the file system.  It is arguable how useful running shepherd is
>> without the socket anyway.

I recommend against magic like this.  I don't think it's possible to do this
in a way that is atomic.

Also, in an ideal world this would have been the way things worked in the
first place--but we aren't in that world.  So I don't think it would be
wise to single out just one UNIX program, shepherd, and do it just for
that.
If you want to do stuff like that, add it to the POSIX standard.
Otherwise it's too surprising.

I would suggest the following:

(1) For Guix native, patch elogind[i] to also kill -TERM shepherd
(See user_stop_service--which is for that).
How does it find the shepherd process, specifically?

So elogind probably could also start

  /run/current-system/profile/bin/shepherd
  (with which config?)

on first user session login (and remember its pid)
(See user_start_service--which is for that, anyway).

elogind also has control over the directory with the socket file, so
I think it's the best place to also control the process.

Alternatively, we'd tell system shepherd to do it.
If shepherd could do dbus, dbus is already hooked up in elogind.

elogind's "sd_event_source" already has "child": "process_owned",
"exited", "waited"; and "sd_event_add_child" exists and is used for
"brightness_writer_fork"--haha totally random functionality.
But that means there's already a process manager hooked up in elogind.
It also has "kill_and_sigcont" and/or "sigterm_wait"--which we'd
probably use.

(2) When a foreign distro uses systemd (there's a very high chance it
does), then we can just install shepherd as a systemd user unit
(from guix-install.sh).  systemd will do the right thing, the end.

(3) Maybe use .bash_logout and have it invoke "w" (or "loginctl") to see
whether we are the last session of that user (that would have a race...).
If we are, then kill shepherd.

I have seen bugs that it doesn't add an entry to "w" even though you
logged in.  Then we'd be out of luck for (3).

Also, it would have a race anyway--even otherwise.

So maybe let's not do (3)--although it was a good find (cool that that
exists!).

------

What about shepherd's child processes (for example services)?
Will shepherd clean those up on shepherd termination?

There are also abstract UNIX domain sockets (think URN) that don't have
or need a filesystem entry.
It might be a good idea to use that for shepherd and prevent problem
stemming from the /run/user/xxx deletion.  But in my opinion, stopping
user shepherd (once user logged out of all their sessions) is more
important than that, anyway.

[i] Would cause 3571 dependents to rebuild

P.S. in elogind, almost the entire cgroup handling in src/core/cgroup.c
has been disabled.  That's disappointing.  Someday, we should have cgroup
support as well!




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.
Changed bug title to 'Guix Home leaves user shepherd on logout, starts new instance on login' from 'Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when relogging' Request was from Ludovic Courtès <ludo@HIDDEN> to control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.
Merged 67863 74912 76998. Request was from Ludovic Courtès <ludo@HIDDEN> to control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.
Merged 67863 74912. Request was from Julian Flake <flake@HIDDEN> to control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.
Severity set to 'important' from 'normal' Request was from Ludovic Courtès <ludo@HIDDEN> to control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.

Message received at 74912 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz>
To: bokr@HIDDEN
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
In-Reply-To: <Z22RflvtBpyOHG14@BRL14v1> (bokr@HIDDEN's message of "Thu, 26
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Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2024 00:20:55 +0100
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I am not sure how this relates to this specific bug report, but

bokr@HIDDEN writes:

> I wonder how many guix-daemon-process-relationship type problems would be=
 simplified
> if (radical vision) one let wayland's inner event-driven loop/protocol
> be the dispatcher

not everyone uses wayland.

> for guix processes instead of the current guix daemon switching between i=
ts collection of threads.
> I.e., all the guix threads would be individual login or spawned user proc=
esses securely communicating
> virtualizably (shared memory or networked rendezvous buffers etc) for off=
loading?

=2D-=20
There are only two hard things in Computer Science:
cache invalidation, naming things and off-by-one errors.

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Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

Message received at 74912 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz>
To: Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
In-Reply-To: <87o70yzpk7.fsf@HIDDEN> ("Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s=22'?=
 =?utf-8?Q?s?= message of "Thu, 26 Dec 2024 11:50:00 +0100")
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Ludovic Court=C3=A8s <ludo@HIDDEN> writes:

> Hi!
>
> Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz> skribis:
>
>> When you have another login session active when you log out and in
>> again, new shepherd is *not* spawned.  I am guessing here but probably
>> last log out causes XDG_RUNTIME_DIR to be removed (by elogind in my
>> case), so on log in there is no /run/user/$UID/on-first-login-executed,
>> so it runs again and starts the shepherd.
>>
>> But even if that would be solved, since the runtime directory was nuked,
>> there is no shepherd socket around anymore, so the (still running)
>> shepherd from previous login session cannot be contacted by herd.
>
> Hmm, when is /run/user/UID deleted?

I believe it is done by elogind (in my setup) when last user session
(for the given UID) logs out.  If I grepped right, it is done by
user_finalize function in logind-user.c.

It (AFAIUT) it should be performed when last session of the seat
terminates.  So if you log only into a single TTY, the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
will be removed on every log out.

>
>> Of the top of my head I can think of two possible solutions:
>>
>> 1. Stop the shepherd on log out.  So as we have on-first-login, we would
>> have on-last-logout.  I have no idea how to implement that.  Maybe we
>> could use ~/.bash_logout?  Or some PAM thing?
>
> Or some elogind thing, rather?

I looked around the manual page, but did not found anything.  There is
KillUserProcesses, but that feels like fairly big hammer, and something
that should *not* be enabled by default.

We could patch elogind to add new RemoveRuntimeDirectory boolean flag to
allow keeping the XDG_RUNTIME_DIR even after last log out (I personally
would prefer that behavior anyway).  I am not sure what our policy
regarding patches here is.

>
> But then, how do we make it work on other distros?  Maybe on systemd
> distros shepherd receives SIGTERM or something, in which case it
> terminates properly.

No idea here.  ~/.bash_logout?

>
>> 2. Shepherd could shutdown gracefully when the control socket is deleted
>> from the file system.  It is arguable how useful running shepherd is
>> without the socket anyway.
>
> I don=E2=80=99t think that=E2=80=99s workable: you=E2=80=99d need to poll=
/inotify for the
> existence of that socket, but even if it exists on the file system, you
> cannot tell whether it matches the socket you=E2=80=99re accepting on.

For files I would suggest checking if both `stat:dev' and `stat:ino'
match in order to detect whether it is the same file.  Not sure if same
strategy can be used for unix sockets.

Tomas

=2D-=20
There are only two hard things in Computer Science:
cache invalidation, naming things and off-by-one errors.

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From: bokr@HIDDEN
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2024 09:25:18 -0800
To: Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
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On +2024-12-26 11:50:00 +0100, Ludovic Courtès wrote:
> Hi!
> 
> Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz> skribis:
> 
> > When you have another login session active when you log out and in
> > again, new shepherd is *not* spawned.  I am guessing here but probably
> > last log out causes XDG_RUNTIME_DIR to be removed (by elogind in my
> > case), so on log in there is no /run/user/$UID/on-first-login-executed,
> > so it runs again and starts the shepherd.
> >
> > But even if that would be solved, since the runtime directory was nuked,
> > there is no shepherd socket around anymore, so the (still running)
> > shepherd from previous login session cannot be contacted by herd.
> 
> Hmm, when is /run/user/UID deleted?
> 
> > Of the top of my head I can think of two possible solutions:
> >
> > 1. Stop the shepherd on log out.  So as we have on-first-login, we would
> > have on-last-logout.  I have no idea how to implement that.  Maybe we
> > could use ~/.bash_logout?  Or some PAM thing?
> 
> Or some elogind thing, rather?
> 
> But then, how do we make it work on other distros?  Maybe on systemd
> distros shepherd receives SIGTERM or something, in which case it
> terminates properly.
> 
> > 2. Shepherd could shutdown gracefully when the control socket is deleted
> > from the file system.  It is arguable how useful running shepherd is
> > without the socket anyway.
> 
> I don’t think that’s workable: you’d need to poll/inotify for the
> existence of that socket, but even if it exists on the file system, you
> cannot tell whether it matches the socket you’re accepting on.
> 
> Ludo’.
> 
> 
> 

I wonder how many guix-daemon-process-relationship type problems would be simplified
if (radical vision) one let wayland's inner event-driven loop/protocol be the dispatcher
for guix processes instead of the current guix daemon switching between its collection of threads.
I.e., all the guix threads would be individual login or spawned user processes securely communicating
virtualizably (shared memory or networked rendezvous buffers etc) for offloading?




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
In-Reply-To: <877c7w7bxi.fsf@HIDDEN> (Tomas Volf's message of "Thu, 19
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Hi!

Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz> skribis:

> When you have another login session active when you log out and in
> again, new shepherd is *not* spawned.  I am guessing here but probably
> last log out causes XDG_RUNTIME_DIR to be removed (by elogind in my
> case), so on log in there is no /run/user/$UID/on-first-login-executed,
> so it runs again and starts the shepherd.
>
> But even if that would be solved, since the runtime directory was nuked,
> there is no shepherd socket around anymore, so the (still running)
> shepherd from previous login session cannot be contacted by herd.

Hmm, when is /run/user/UID deleted?

> Of the top of my head I can think of two possible solutions:
>
> 1. Stop the shepherd on log out.  So as we have on-first-login, we would
> have on-last-logout.  I have no idea how to implement that.  Maybe we
> could use ~/.bash_logout?  Or some PAM thing?

Or some elogind thing, rather?

But then, how do we make it work on other distros?  Maybe on systemd
distros shepherd receives SIGTERM or something, in which case it
terminates properly.

> 2. Shepherd could shutdown gracefully when the control socket is deleted
> from the file system.  It is arguable how useful running shepherd is
> without the socket anyway.

I don=E2=80=99t think that=E2=80=99s workable: you=E2=80=99d need to poll/i=
notify for the
existence of that socket, but even if it exists on the file system, you
cannot tell whether it matches the socket you=E2=80=99re accepting on.

Ludo=E2=80=99.




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

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From: Tomas Volf <~@wolfsden.cz>
To: Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
In-Reply-To: <87r064ippt.fsf@HIDDEN> ("Ludovic =?utf-8?Q?Court=C3=A8s=22'?=
 =?utf-8?Q?s?= message of "Wed, 18 Dec 2024 23:35:58 +0100")
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--=-=-=
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Ludovic Court=C3=A8s <ludo@HIDDEN> writes:

> Hello,
>
> Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN> skribis:
>
>> I think I'm experiencing a bug in Shepherd since version 1.0.
>> Whenever I log out and log back in again, my user shepherd from the
>> previous login session is still present, and a new user shepherd spawns =
for
>> the current login session.
>> So relogging N times results in N+1 user shepherds.
>
> I have a user shepherd via Guix Home and I experience the same problem
> (though because I rarely log out it=E2=80=99s not really annoying :-)).
>
> I suspect the problem has to do with how Guix Home determines whether or
> not it should launch shepherd, but I haven=E2=80=99t checked yet.

When you have another login session active when you log out and in
again, new shepherd is *not* spawned.  I am guessing here but probably
last log out causes XDG_RUNTIME_DIR to be removed (by elogind in my
case), so on log in there is no /run/user/$UID/on-first-login-executed,
so it runs again and starts the shepherd.

But even if that would be solved, since the runtime directory was nuked,
there is no shepherd socket around anymore, so the (still running)
shepherd from previous login session cannot be contacted by herd.

Of the top of my head I can think of two possible solutions:

1. Stop the shepherd on log out.  So as we have on-first-login, we would
have on-last-logout.  I have no idea how to implement that.  Maybe we
could use ~/.bash_logout?  Or some PAM thing?

2. Shepherd could shutdown gracefully when the control socket is deleted
from the file system.  It is arguable how useful running shepherd is
without the socket anyway.

Any other ideas?

Tomas

=2D-=20
There are only two hard things in Computer Science:
cache invalidation, naming things and off-by-one errors.

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Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Ludovic_Court=C3=A8s?= <ludo@HIDDEN>
To: Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#74912: Shepherd: Growing number of user shepherds when
 relogging
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Hello,

Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN> skribis:

> I think I'm experiencing a bug in Shepherd since version 1.0.
> Whenever I log out and log back in again, my user shepherd from the
> previous login session is still present, and a new user shepherd spawns f=
or
> the current login session.
> So relogging N times results in N+1 user shepherds.

I have a user shepherd via Guix Home and I experience the same problem
(though because I rarely log out it=E2=80=99s not really annoying :-)).

I suspect the problem has to do with how Guix Home determines whether or
not it should launch shepherd, but I haven=E2=80=99t checked yet.

Thanks for reporting the issue,
Ludo=E2=80=99.




Information forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.

Message received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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--000000000000d38909062963ec7d
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

Hi

I think I'm experiencing a bug in Shepherd since version 1.0.
Whenever I log out and log back in again, my user shepherd from the
previous login session is still present, and a new user shepherd spawns for
the current login session.
So relogging N times results in N+1 user shepherds.

For example, I have relogged 5 times since I last rebooted:

$ herd status root
Status of root:
  It is running since 00:30:02 (10 minutes ago).
  Main PID: 23450
  Command:
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
...

$ pgrep shepherd
1
9891
10777
16417
18510
21960
23450

$  ps aux | grep shepherd
root         1  0.0  0.9 222872 74456 ?        Sl   Dec15   0:08
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--config /gnu/store/p7al8wd1inwk8f5di2q4llcpd64mjn5q-shepherd.conf
jake      9891  0.0  0.2  75816 23624 ?        Ss   Dec15   0:04
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     10777  0.0  0.3  76224 24752 ?        Ss   Dec16   0:03
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     16417  0.0  0.3  75752 24004 ?        Ss   Dec16   0:02
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     18510  0.0  0.2  75752 23760 ?        Ss   Dec16   0:01
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     21960  0.0  0.2 114608 22124 ?        Ss   Dec16   0:00
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     23450  0.0  0.2 114204 21328 ?        Ss   00:30   0:00
/gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile
--no-auto-compile
/gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd
--silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf
jake     23672  0.0  0.0   6636  2552 pts/1    S+   00:32   0:00 grep
--color=auto shepherd

In addition, any daemons managed by the zombie shepherds also persist!

I'm experiencing this on both of my Guix System machines. One is running
GDM and XFCE. The other is running GDM and CWM.
Please let me know if I can provide more information.

Thanks
Jake

--000000000000d38909062963ec7d
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hi</div><div><br></div><div>I think I&#39;m experienc=
ing a bug in Shepherd since version 1.0.=C2=A0</div><div>Whenever I log out=
 and log back in again, my user shepherd from the previous login session is=
 still present, and a new user shepherd spawns for the current login sessio=
n.</div><div>So relogging N times results in N+1 user shepherds.</div><div>=
<br></div><div>For example, I have relogged 5 times since I last rebooted:<=
/div><div><br></div><div>$ herd status root</div><div style=3D"margin-left:=
40px">Status of root:<br>=C2=A0 It is running since 00:30:02 (10 minutes ag=
o).<br>=C2=A0 Main PID: 23450<br>=C2=A0 Command: /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppw=
bkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c=
7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --config /g=
nu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf</div><div style=3D"=
margin-left:40px">...</div><div><br></div><div>$ pgrep shepherd<br></div><d=
iv style=3D"margin-left:40px">1</div><div style=3D"margin-left:40px">9891<b=
r>10777<br>16417<br>18510<br>21960<br></div><div style=3D"margin-left:40px"=
>23450</div><div><br></div><div>$=C2=A0 ps aux | grep shepherd</div><div st=
yle=3D"margin-left:40px">root =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 1 =C2=A00.0 =C2=
=A00.9 222872 74456 ? =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Sl =C2=A0 Dec15 =C2=A0 0:0=
8 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-au=
to-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/s=
hepherd --config /gnu/store/p7al8wd1inwk8f5di2q4llcpd64mjn5q-shepherd.conf<=
br>jake =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A09891 =C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.2 =C2=A075816 23624 ? =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Ss =C2=A0 Dec15 =C2=A0 0:04 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlf=
pv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/=
nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --con=
fig /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf<br>jake =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 10777 =C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.3 =C2=A076224 24752 ? =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0Ss =C2=A0 Dec16 =C2=A0 0:03 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nr=
f95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4=
r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --config /gnu/store/w3=
l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf<br>jake =C2=A0 =C2=A0 16417 =
=C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.3 =C2=A075752 24004 ? =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Ss =C2=
=A0 Dec16 =C2=A0 0:02 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0=
.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-=
shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx7=
7xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf<br>jake =C2=A0 =C2=A0 18510 =C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.=
2 =C2=A075752 23760 ? =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Ss =C2=A0 Dec16 =C2=A0 0:0=
1 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-au=
to-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/s=
hepherd --silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-sheph=
erd.conf<br>jake =C2=A0 =C2=A0 21960 =C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.2 114608 22124 ? =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Ss =C2=A0 Dec16 =C2=A0 0:00 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3=
ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-guile-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/nl0=
w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7nd5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --config=
 /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815mm3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf<br>jake =C2=A0 =
=C2=A0 23450 =C2=A00.0 =C2=A00.2 114204 21328 ? =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0=
Ss =C2=A0 00:30 =C2=A0 0:00 /gnu/store/mfkz7fvlfpv3ppwbkv0imb19nrf95akf-gui=
le-3.0.9/bin/guile --no-auto-compile /gnu/store/nl0w5c7pxxdczqiv4r9iq44al7n=
d5y5g-shepherd-1.0.0/bin/shepherd --silent --config /gnu/store/w3l6dmap815m=
m3qzx77xdazky853adda-shepherd.conf<br>jake =C2=A0 =C2=A0 23672 =C2=A00.0 =
=C2=A00.0 =C2=A0 6636 =C2=A02552 pts/1 =C2=A0 =C2=A0S+ =C2=A0 00:32 =C2=A0 =
0:00 grep --color=3Dauto shepherd<br></div><div><br></div><div>In addition,=
 any daemons managed by the zombie shepherds also persist!</div><div><br></=
div><div>I&#39;m experiencing this on both of my Guix System machines. One =
is running GDM and XFCE. The other is running GDM and CWM.=C2=A0</div><div>=
Please let me know if I can provide more information.</div><div><br></div><=
div>Thanks<br></div><div>Jake <br></div></div>

--000000000000d38909062963ec7d--




Acknowledgement sent to Jake <jforst.mailman@HIDDEN>:
New bug report received and forwarded. Copy sent to bug-guix@HIDDEN. Full text available.
Report forwarded to bug-guix@HIDDEN:
bug#74912; Package guix. Full text available.
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