GNU bug report logs - #78060
30.1; browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my graphical display

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Message #5 received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
To: bug-gnu-emacs <at> gnu.org
Subject: 30.1; browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my graphical display
Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 11:23:50 +0200

Hello,

while trying to debug why emacs keeps using firefox when I switched to
librewolf as default browser, I tracked it down to
browse-url-can-use-xdg-open returning nil, which makes
browse-url-default-browser use the next one in its list, namely firefox.

But I'm on a graphical display, and browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does
behave nicely in emacs -Q.

Now I'm using the emacs server, started by a systemd user unit, maybe
that's why emacs doesn't see a DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY variable.

I noticed that there is display-graphic-p that returns t in my system,
so maybe browse-url-can-use-xdg-open could be changed like this:

(defun browse-url-can-use-xdg-open ()
  "Return non-nil if the \"xdg-open\" program can be used.
xdg-open is a desktop utility that calls your preferred web browser."
  ;; The exact set of situations where xdg-open works is complicated,
  ;; and it would be a pain to duplicate xdg-open's situation-specific
  ;; code here, as the code is a moving target.  So assume that
  ;; xdg-open will work if there is a graphical display; this should
  ;; be good enough for platforms Emacs is likely to be running on.
  (and (display-graphic-p)
       (executable-find "xdg-open")))

Thanks


In GNU Emacs 30.1 (build 2, x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.24.49,
 cairo version 1.18.4) of 2025-03-30, modified by Debian built on sbuild
System Description: Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid

Configured using:
 'configure --build x86_64-linux-gnu --prefix=/usr
 --sharedstatedir=/var/lib --libexecdir=/usr/libexec
 --localstatedir=/var/lib --infodir=/usr/share/info
 --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-libsystemd --with-pop=yes
 --enable-locallisppath=/etc/emacs:/usr/local/share/emacs/30.1/site-lisp:/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp:/usr/share/emacs/30.1/site-lisp:/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp
 --with-sound=alsa --without-gconf --with-mailutils --build
 x86_64-linux-gnu --prefix=/usr --sharedstatedir=/var/lib
 --libexecdir=/usr/libexec --localstatedir=/var/lib
 --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-libsystemd
 --with-pop=yes
 --enable-locallisppath=/etc/emacs:/usr/local/share/emacs/30.1/site-lisp:/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp:/usr/share/emacs/30.1/site-lisp:/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp
 --with-sound=alsa --without-gconf --with-mailutils --with-pgtk
 'CFLAGS=-g -O2 -Werror=implicit-function-declaration
 -ffile-prefix-map=/build/reproducible-path/emacs-30.1+1=. -fstack-protector-strong
 -fstack-clash-protection -Wformat -Werror=format-security
 -fcf-protection -Wall' 'CPPFLAGS=-Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2'
 LDFLAGS=-Wl,-z,relro'

Configured features:
ACL CAIRO DBUS FREETYPE GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS GPM GSETTINGS HARFBUZZ JPEG
LCMS2 LIBOTF LIBSELINUX LIBSYSTEMD LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP NOTIFY
INOTIFY PDUMPER PGTK PNG RSVG SECCOMP SOUND SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM GTK3 ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LANG: fr_BE.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Lisp Interaction

Minor modes in effect:
  eat-eshell-visual-command-mode: t
  eat-eshell-mode: t
  eshell-syntax-highlighting-global-mode: t
  server-mode: t
  repeat-mode: t
  global-hl-line-mode: t
  diredfl-global-mode: t
  org-roam-db-autosync-mode: t
  which-key-mode: t
  marginalia-mode: t
  vertico-mode: t
  override-global-mode: t
  savehist-mode: t
  default-text-scale-mode: t
  windmove-mode: t
  recentf-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
  column-number-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

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Message #8 received at 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#78060: 30.1;
 browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my graphical display
Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 18:59:30 +0300

> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 11:23:50 +0200
> 
> while trying to debug why emacs keeps using firefox when I switched to
> librewolf as default browser, I tracked it down to
> browse-url-can-use-xdg-open returning nil, which makes
> browse-url-default-browser use the next one in its list, namely firefox.
> 
> But I'm on a graphical display, and browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does
> behave nicely in emacs -Q.
> 
> Now I'm using the emacs server, started by a systemd user unit, maybe
> that's why emacs doesn't see a DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY variable.

Yes, you need do stuff that requires GUI from
server-after-make-frame-hook.

> I noticed that there is display-graphic-p that returns t in my system,
> so maybe browse-url-can-use-xdg-open could be changed like this:
> 
> (defun browse-url-can-use-xdg-open ()
>   "Return non-nil if the \"xdg-open\" program can be used.
> xdg-open is a desktop utility that calls your preferred web browser."
>   ;; The exact set of situations where xdg-open works is complicated,
>   ;; and it would be a pain to duplicate xdg-open's situation-specific
>   ;; code here, as the code is a moving target.  So assume that
>   ;; xdg-open will work if there is a graphical display; this should
>   ;; be good enough for platforms Emacs is likely to be running on.
>   (and (display-graphic-p)
>        (executable-find "xdg-open")))

That'd be incorrect, because the fact that the Emacs display is a
text-only display doesn't mean the rest of the system cannot show GUI
windows.  For example, imagine this is invoked from "emacs -nw" on a
graphical terminal.

Message #11 received at 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
To: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#78060: 30.1; browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my
 graphical display
Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 22:02:01 +0300

> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
> Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 20:36:20 +0200
> 
> Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org> writes:
> 
> >> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
> >> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 11:23:50 +0200
> >> 
> >> while trying to debug why emacs keeps using firefox when I switched to
> >> librewolf as default browser, I tracked it down to
> >> browse-url-can-use-xdg-open returning nil, which makes
> >> browse-url-default-browser use the next one in its list, namely firefox.
> >> 
> >> But I'm on a graphical display, and browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does
> >> behave nicely in emacs -Q.
> >> 
> >> Now I'm using the emacs server, started by a systemd user unit, maybe
> >> that's why emacs doesn't see a DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY variable.
> >
> > Yes, you need do stuff that requires GUI from
> > server-after-make-frame-hook.
> 
> damn, I understand the words that you write, but I have no idea how to
> use it :-)

Define a function in your init file that arranges for xdg-open to be
called, and add that function to server-after-make-frame-hook.  Then
your code will run after the server already created a GUI frame, and
all the Emacs features that need the GUI system will work as expected.

> Now maybe that's not a real emacs bug, would you prefer that I restart
> that discussion on the mailing list ?

Feel free, if the above is not clear.

Message #14 received at 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#78060: 30.1; browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my
 graphical display
Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 20:36:20 +0200

Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org> writes:

>> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
>> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 11:23:50 +0200
>> 
>> while trying to debug why emacs keeps using firefox when I switched to
>> librewolf as default browser, I tracked it down to
>> browse-url-can-use-xdg-open returning nil, which makes
>> browse-url-default-browser use the next one in its list, namely firefox.
>> 
>> But I'm on a graphical display, and browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does
>> behave nicely in emacs -Q.
>> 
>> Now I'm using the emacs server, started by a systemd user unit, maybe
>> that's why emacs doesn't see a DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY variable.
>
> Yes, you need do stuff that requires GUI from
> server-after-make-frame-hook.

damn, I understand the words that you write, but I have no idea how to
use it :-)

I'm trying to use xdg-open from a graphical frame, so
server-after-make-frame-hook has run...

>> I noticed that there is display-graphic-p that returns t in my system,
>> so maybe browse-url-can-use-xdg-open could be changed like this:
>> 
>> (defun browse-url-can-use-xdg-open ()
>>   "Return non-nil if the \"xdg-open\" program can be used.
>> xdg-open is a desktop utility that calls your preferred web browser."
>>   ;; The exact set of situations where xdg-open works is complicated,
>>   ;; and it would be a pain to duplicate xdg-open's situation-specific
>>   ;; code here, as the code is a moving target.  So assume that
>>   ;; xdg-open will work if there is a graphical display; this should
>>   ;; be good enough for platforms Emacs is likely to be running on.
>>   (and (display-graphic-p)
>>        (executable-find "xdg-open")))
>
> That'd be incorrect, because the fact that the Emacs display is a
> text-only display doesn't mean the rest of the system cannot show GUI
> windows.  For example, imagine this is invoked from "emacs -nw" on a
> graphical terminal.

Ah, right, I thought it would work there too, but it doesn't.

Now browse-url-can-use-xdg-open is not my only problem, it's a bit more
involved than I thought: xdg-open does work in a term buffer, but not
from eshell. So something more is needed, and I have no idea what...

Now maybe that's not a real emacs bug, would you prefer that I restart
that discussion on the mailing list ?

Thanks a lot,
-- 
Rémi

Message #17 received at 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org>
Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#78060: 30.1; browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does not detect my
 graphical display
Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2025 12:10:30 +0200

Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org> writes:

>> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
>> Cc: 78060 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
>> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 20:36:20 +0200
>> 
>> Eli Zaretskii <eliz <at> gnu.org> writes:
>> 
>> >> From: Rémi Letot <hobbes <at> poukram.net>
>> >> Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2025 11:23:50 +0200
>> >> 
>> >> while trying to debug why emacs keeps using firefox when I switched to
>> >> librewolf as default browser, I tracked it down to
>> >> browse-url-can-use-xdg-open returning nil, which makes
>> >> browse-url-default-browser use the next one in its list, namely firefox.
>> >> 
>> >> But I'm on a graphical display, and browse-url-can-use-xdg-open does
>> >> behave nicely in emacs -Q.
>> >> 
>> >> Now I'm using the emacs server, started by a systemd user unit, maybe
>> >> that's why emacs doesn't see a DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY variable.
>> >
>> > Yes, you need do stuff that requires GUI from
>> > server-after-make-frame-hook.
>> 
>> damn, I understand the words that you write, but I have no idea how to
>> use it :-)
>
> Define a function in your init file that arranges for xdg-open to be
> called, and add that function to server-after-make-frame-hook.  Then
> your code will run after the server already created a GUI frame, and
> all the Emacs features that need the GUI system will work as expected.

But I don't want to run xdg-open when a frame has been created, only
when I click on a link in a mail, a doc, or interactively in eshell...

Now after a bit of digging, there are actually two problems.

First is that emacs does not inheritate my environment when started by a
systemd user service.

If I restart the systemd service from a terminal, I get my environment
and most things work as they should.

That seems to be a limitation of systemd user services. There are ways
around that problem, but they are far too involved in things that I
don't really master, so I just disabled the user service.

Now emacs server is started whenever I first start emacs, which make my
first invocation a bit slower, but that's not a big problem since I
don't restart my session that often.

Second problem: now I have my environment. I can echo $WAYLAND_DISPLAY,
DISPLAY... start graphical programs like librewolf from eshell or other
emacs facilities... everything seems to be ok.

But even like that, xdg-open doesn't work for most things when launched
from emacs.

It works fine when launched from term with bash as my shell, but not
from eshell or any emacs direct facility.

As my initial goal was to start librewolf as my secondary browser, I
just

(setq browse-url-generic-program "librewolf" 
      browse-url-secondary-browser-function 'browse-url-generic )

So my immediate problem is solved.

BUT xdg-open still doesn't work for most things.

Strangely enough, "xdg-open ~/" does open my file manager on home, but
that's the only thing that I managed to achieve. When I pass it a file,
it just doesn't open anything.

I straced it, it does fork something, but then nothing appears on my
desktop, I have no error message anywhere that I could find, and
xdg-open's return code is 0.

Now, again, I don't know if that should be considered an emacs bug, so
feel free to close the bug if you think it should be handled elsewhere. 

Thanks,
-- 
Rémi Letot

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