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Subject: bug#78586: TeX-make-inline
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Hi Arash and all,

We had discussed in an earlier thread (bug#78006) the possibility of
adding some of my editing commands to AUCTeX (as standalone commands,
without default binds).  We could start with this one, discussed a bit
in that thread:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
(defcustom TeX-make-inline-delims '("$" . "$")
  "Delimiters for `TeX-make-inline' to surround inline LaTeX math."
  :type '(radio (const :tag "Dollar ($...$)" ("$" . "$"))
                (const :tag "Paren (\\(...\\))" ("\\(" . "\\)"))
                (cons :tag "Custom delimiters"
                      (string :tag "Left") (string :tag "Right"))))

(defun TeX-make-inline ()
  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
surrounded by `TeX-make-inline-delims', fitting the result onto one
line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
  (interactive)
  (when (texmathp)
    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
      (preview-clearout-at-point))
    (save-excursion
      (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
             (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
             (delims TeX-make-inline-delims))
        (cond
         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
          (goto-char pos)
          (delete-char 2)
          (let ((start (point))
                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
            (search-forward end-delim)
            (delete-char -2)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims)))
         (t
          (goto-char pos)
          (kill-line)
          (let ((start (point)))
            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
            (beginning-of-line)
            (kill-line)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))

(defun TeX-make-inline--finalize-region (start end delims)
  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
  (save-restriction
    (narrow-to-region start end)
    (whitespace-cleanup)

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (let ((re
           (concat "\\(?:"
                   (mapconcat #'identity
                              (if (boundp 'reftex-label-regexps)
                                  reftex-label-regexps
                                '("\\\\label{[^}]*"))
                              "\\|")
                   "\\)")))
      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
        (replace-match "")))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
      (delete-line))
    (beginning-of-line-text)
    (delete-region (point-min) (point))

    (goto-char (point-max))
    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
                (progn (forward-line -1)
                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
      (delete-line))
    (end-of-line)
    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
    (delete-region (point) (point-max))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (insert (car delims))
    (goto-char (point-max))
    (insert "\n")
    (backward-char)

    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" 5)
      (backward-char))
    (insert (cdr delims))

    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
      (join-line))))
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

I haven't prepared this as a patch because I'm not sure where to put it
or where to document it.  I looked around, and couldn't find a natural
place.  If no better idea comes to mind, then perhaps some new
"miscellaneous commands" section of latex.el, with a corresponding
section in the manual?  For what it's worth, there are a couple of other
editing-related commands I'd be inclined to propose.

Any feedback welcome.

Thanks, best,

Paul

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To: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#78586: Acknowledgement (TeX-make-inline)
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Subject: bug#78586: TeX-make-inline
Resent-From: Arash Esbati <arash@HIDDEN>
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Hi Paul,

"Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:

> We had discussed in an earlier thread (bug#78006) the possibility of
> adding some of my editing commands to AUCTeX (as standalone commands,
> without default binds).

Thanks for sharing.  I have some comments below:

> We could start with this one, discussed a bit in that thread:
>
> (defcustom TeX-make-inline-delims '("$" . "$")
>   "Delimiters for `TeX-make-inline' to surround inline LaTeX math."
>   :type '(radio (const :tag "Dollar ($...$)" ("$" . "$"))
>                 (const :tag "Paren (\\(...\\))" ("\\(" . "\\)"))
>                 (cons :tag "Custom delimiters"
>                       (string :tag "Left") (string :tag "Right"))))

Do we really need this?  Can we just take the value of
`TeX-electric-math', and make an assumption if it's nil?

> (defun TeX-make-inline ()

This function is LaTeX centric, right?  So I would call is
`LaTeX-make-inline-math' or something and put it in latex.el.

>   "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
> Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
> \\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
> surrounded by `TeX-make-inline-delims',

surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$..$\",

> fitting the result onto one
> line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
>   (interactive)
>   (when (texmathp)
>     (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
>       (preview-clearout-at-point))
>     (save-excursion
>       (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
>              (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
>              (delims TeX-make-inline-delims))

(delims (or TeX-electric-math '("$" . "$")))

>         (cond
>          ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
>          ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
>           (goto-char pos)
>           (delete-char 2)
>           (let ((start (point))
>                 (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
>             (search-forward end-delim)
>             (delete-char -2)
>             (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims)))
>          (t
>           (goto-char pos)
>           (kill-line)
>           (let ((start (point)))
>             (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
>             (beginning-of-line)
>             (kill-line)
>             (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))
>
> (defun TeX-make-inline--finalize-region (start end delims)

(defun LaTeX--whatever-we-agree-to (...)

Would it be possible to write an ERT-test for feature?

> I haven't prepared this as a patch because I'm not sure where to put it
> or where to document it.  I looked around, and couldn't find a natural
> place.

I will have a look, will try to make a suggestion.

> For what it's worth, there are a couple of other editing-related
> commands I'd be inclined to propose.

=F0=9F=91=8D

Best, Arash

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In-Reply-To: <m2msaygqi3.fsf@HIDDEN> (message from Arash Esbati
 on Tue, 27 May 2025 14:57:56 +0200)
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Arash, thanks for your feedback.  I put the updated draft at the end
of this message (to be converted into a patch once one of us thinks of a
good place to put it), and attach some tests.  Paul


--=-=-=
Content-Type: application/emacs-lisp
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=latex-make-inline-test.el
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

;;; latex-make-inline-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical-=
binding: t; -*-

;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; This file is part of AUCTeX.

;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
;; any later version.

;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
;; General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
;; 02110-1301, USA.

;;; Code:

(require 'ert)
(require 'cl-lib)
(require 'latex)

(defmacro latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
  `(with-temp-buffer
     (LaTeX-mode)
     (insert ,contents)
     (goto-char (point-min))
     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
       ,@body)))

(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period ()
  "Convert \\[..\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
      "We have\n\\[ a+b =3D c. \\]"
    (search-forward "b")
    (LaTeX-make-inline)
    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b =3D c$."))))

(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-double-dollar ()
  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
   "$$x!$$"
   (search-forward "x")
   (LaTeX-make-inline)
   (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))

(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-electric-math ()
  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
    (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
     "\\[ x \\]"
     (search-forward "x")
     (LaTeX-make-inline)
     (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))

(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-equation-env ()
  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
      "\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\n"
    (search-forward "x")
    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
      (LaTeX-make-inline)
      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x+y\\),\n")))))

(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-noop ()
  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
   "Already $z$ inline."
   (search-forward "z")
   (LaTeX-make-inline)
   (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))

;;; latex-make-inline-test.el ends here

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain



--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
surrounded by surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$..$\",
fitting the result onto one line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation
outside the math delimiters."
  (interactive)
  (when (texmathp)
    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
      (preview-clearout-at-point))
    (save-excursion
      (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
             (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
             (delims (or TeX-electric-math '("$" . "$"))))
        (cond
         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
          (goto-char pos)
          (when (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
            (forward-char 2)
            (save-excursion (join-line))
            (forward-char -2))
          (delete-char 2)
          (let ((start (point))
                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
            (search-forward end-delim)
            (delete-char -2)
            (if (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
                (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims)))
         (t
          (goto-char pos)
          (kill-whole-line)
          (let ((start (point)))
            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
            (beginning-of-line)
            (kill-whole-line)
            (backward-char)
            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))

(defun LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region (start end delims)
  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
  (save-restriction
    (narrow-to-region start end)

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (let ((re
           (concat "\\(?:"
                   (mapconcat #'identity
                              (if (boundp 'reftex-label-regexps)
                                  reftex-label-regexps
                                '("\\\\label{[^}]*"))
                              "\\|")
                   "\\)")))
      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
        (replace-match "")))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
      (delete-line))
    (beginning-of-line-text)
    (delete-region (point-min) (point))

    (goto-char (point-max))
    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
                (progn (forward-line -1)
                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
      (delete-line))
    (end-of-line)
    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
    (delete-region (point) (point-max))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (insert (car delims))
    (goto-char (point-max))

    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" (max (point-min) (- (point) 5)))
      (backward-char))
    (insert (cdr delims))

    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
      (join-line)))
  (join-line))
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

"Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:

> Hi Arash, thanks for your feedback.

You're welcome.

> I put the updated draft at the end of this message (to be converted
> into a patch once one of us thinks of a good place to put it), and
> attach some tests.

You said that you also have some other commands, right?  So I suggest we
put them at the end of latex.el, under ;; Utilities:.  WDYT?

Reg. manual: I suggest to document this command under

@subheading Dollar Signs

Maybe something like this:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..9602c062 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,16 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.

+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces

 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---


> (defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
>   "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
> Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
> \\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
> surrounded by surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$..$\",
> fitting the result onto one line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation
> outside the math delimiters."

Please use active voice, maybe something like this:

  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
Remove the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\",
fitting the result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation
outside the math delimiters."

>   (interactive)
>   (when (texmathp)
>     (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
>       (preview-clearout-at-point))
>     (save-excursion
>       (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
>              (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
>              (delims (or TeX-electric-math '("$" . "$"))))

Why `let*'?

>         (cond
>          ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
>          ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
>           (goto-char pos)
>           (when (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
>             (forward-char 2)
>             (save-excursion (join-line))
>             (forward-char -2))
>           (delete-char 2)
>           (let ((start (point))
>                 (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
>             (search-forward end-delim)
>             (delete-char -2)
>             (if (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
>                 (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
>             (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims)))
>          (t
>           (goto-char pos)
>           (kill-whole-line)
>           (let ((start (point)))
>             (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
>             (beginning-of-line)
>             (kill-whole-line)
>             (backward-char)
>             (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))
>
> (defun LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region (start end delims)
>   "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
>   (save-restriction
>     (narrow-to-region start end)
>
>     (goto-char (point-min))
>     (let ((re
>            (concat "\\(?:"
>                    (mapconcat #'identity
>                               (if (boundp 'reftex-label-regexps)
>                                   reftex-label-regexps
>                                 '("\\\\label{[^}]*"))
>                               "\\|")
>                    "\\)")))

This looks somewhat easier to me:

(let ((re (concat "\\(?:"
                  (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
                      (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
                    "\\\\label{[^}]*}")
                  "\\)")))

And note the missing '}' in "\\\\label{[^}]*".

Otherwise LGTM.

Best, Arash

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Arash,

Thanks again for your feedback, and sounds good on all counts.  Please
see attached.

Thanks, best,

Paul



--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-make-inline-command.patch

From 129d469a2ab47f61b10f5eb9557de7e525a3830f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-make-inline command

* latex.el (LaTeX-make-inline): New command.
(LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region): New helper function.
* tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-make-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-make-inline-electric-math, LaTeX-make-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-make-inline-noop): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       | 10 ++++
 latex.el                              | 82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el | 79 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 171 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..9602c062 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,16 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
 
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
 
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..6e34dfc5 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,88 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See also the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
 
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$..$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive)
+  (when (texmathp)
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (save-excursion
+      (let ((env (car texmathp-why))
+            (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
+            (delims (or TeX-electric-math '("$" . "$"))))
+        (cond
+         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
+         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
+          (goto-char pos)
+          (when (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
+            (forward-char 2)
+            (save-excursion (join-line))
+            (forward-char -2))
+          (delete-char 2)
+          (let ((start (point))
+                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
+            (search-forward end-delim)
+            (delete-char -2)
+            (if (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
+                (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
+            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims)))
+         (t
+          (goto-char pos)
+          (kill-whole-line)
+          (let ((start (point)))
+            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
+            (beginning-of-line)
+            (kill-whole-line)
+            (backward-char)
+            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region (start end delims)
+  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
+  (save-restriction
+    (narrow-to-region start end)
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let ((re (concat "\\(?:"
+                      (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                          (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+                        "\\\\label{[^}]*}")
+                      "\\)")))
+      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+        (replace-match "")))
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
+      (delete-line))
+    (beginning-of-line-text)
+    (delete-region (point-min) (point))
+
+    (goto-char (point-max))
+    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
+                (progn (forward-line -1)
+                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
+      (delete-line))
+    (end-of-line)
+    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+    (delete-region (point) (point-max))
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (insert (car delims))
+    (goto-char (point-max))
+
+    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" (max (point-min) (- (point) 5)))
+      (backward-char))
+    (insert (cdr delims))
+
+    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
+      (join-line)))
+  (join-line))
+
 (provide 'latex)
 
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f4dbadf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+;;; latex-make-inline-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\[..\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b = c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b = c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+   "$$x!$$"
+   (search-forward "x")
+   (LaTeX-make-inline)
+   (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+     "\\[ x \\]"
+     (search-forward "x")
+     (LaTeX-make-inline)
+     (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+   "Already $z$ inline."
+   (search-forward "z")
+   (LaTeX-make-inline)
+   (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+;;; latex-make-inline-test.el ends here
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> Thanks again for your feedback, and sounds good on all counts.  Please
> see attached.

Thanks for your continuous contributions. I have a very minor comment
this time.

> +(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
> +  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
> +Remove the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
                                                  ^^^

In docstrings, we need \=3D to escape \[ which introduces
command-to-keybind syntax =F0=9F=99=83

Bye,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Thanks Ikuya, good catch!  Please find attached the updated patch.  Paul


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-make-inline-command.patch

From c5c70ca6e9b0f6e48429476792da877cd605a920 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-make-inline command

* latex.el (LaTeX-make-inline): New command.
(LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region): New helper function.
* tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-make-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-make-inline-electric-math, LaTeX-make-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-make-inline-noop): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       | 10 ++++
 latex.el                              | 82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el | 79 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 171 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..9602c062 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,16 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
 
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
 
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..c305fa3a 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,88 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See also the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
 
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math environment (such as \\\\=[...\\\\=] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive)
+  (when (texmathp)
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (save-excursion
+      (let ((env (car texmathp-why))
+            (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
+            (delims (or TeX-electric-math '("$" . "$"))))
+        (cond
+         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
+         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
+          (goto-char pos)
+          (when (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
+            (forward-char 2)
+            (save-excursion (join-line))
+            (forward-char -2))
+          (delete-char 2)
+          (let ((start (point))
+                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
+            (search-forward end-delim)
+            (delete-char -2)
+            (if (looking-back "\n[[:space:]]*")
+                (goto-char (match-beginning 0)))
+            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims)))
+         (t
+          (goto-char pos)
+          (kill-whole-line)
+          (let ((start (point)))
+            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
+            (beginning-of-line)
+            (kill-whole-line)
+            (backward-char)
+            (LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--make-inline-finalize-region (start end delims)
+  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
+  (save-restriction
+    (narrow-to-region start end)
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let ((re (concat "\\(?:"
+                      (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                          (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+                        "\\\\label{[^}]*}")
+                      "\\)")))
+      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+        (replace-match "")))
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
+      (delete-line))
+    (beginning-of-line-text)
+    (delete-region (point-min) (point))
+
+    (goto-char (point-max))
+    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
+                (progn (forward-line -1)
+                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
+      (delete-line))
+    (end-of-line)
+    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
+    (delete-region (point) (point-max))
+
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (insert (car delims))
+    (goto-char (point-max))
+
+    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" (max (point-min) (- (point) 5)))
+      (backward-char))
+    (insert (cdr delims))
+
+    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
+      (join-line)))
+  (join-line))
+
 (provide 'latex)
 
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f4dbadf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-make-inline-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+;;; latex-make-inline-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\[..\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b = c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b = c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+   "$$x!$$"
+   (search-forward "x")
+   (LaTeX-make-inline)
+   (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+     "\\[ x \\]"
+     (search-forward "x")
+     (LaTeX-make-inline)
+     (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer
+   "Already $z$ inline."
+   (search-forward "z")
+   (LaTeX-make-inline)
+   (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+;;; latex-make-inline-test.el ends here
-- 
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> Thanks Ikuya, good catch!  Please find attached the updated patch.  Paul

> +(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
> +  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
> +Remove the enclosing math environment (such as \\\\=[...\\\\=] or

That works but I recommend
\\=\\[
rather than \\\\=[ . See (elisp) Keys in Documentation:
,----
| $B!F(B\=$B!G(B
|      quotes the following character and is discarded; thus, $B!F(B\=`$B!G(B puts
|      $B!F(B`$B!G(B into the output, $B!F(B\=\[$B!G(B puts $B!F(B\[$B!G(B into the output, and $B!F(B\=\=$B!G(B
|      puts $B!F(B\=$B!G(B into the output.
`----
And you don't have to quote \]. It will be displayed literally.

Additionally, we should provide similar quotation in
> +(ert-deftest LaTeX-make-inline-bracket-period ()
> +  "Convert \\[..\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
as well.

Bye,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
In-Reply-To: <10409.1748588452@localhost> (message from Ikumi Keita on Fri,
 30 May 2025 16:00:52 +0900)
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Ikumi,

Thanks for the further feedback, which I've now incorporated.

I mentioned that this was the first of several commands I planned to
propose, in an attempt to upstream the most broadly useful stuff from
https://github.com/ultronozm/czm-tex-edit.el.

The next planned command was an "inverse" to LaTeX-make-inline, say
LaTeX-make-display, that converts inline math to display math.  I had
planned to propose that command in a separate bug, but the two are so
intertwined that I think it makes sense to treat them together.

The tricky part in designing LaTeX-make-display is that different users
may prefer different sorts of display math: \[..\], $$..$$,
equation/equation*/align/align*/(...).  Given that we don't want to add
too many new user options, it seemed best to provide a general
LaTeX-modify-math command, which the user can either invoke
interactively or specialize like so:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
(defun my-LaTeX-make-brackets ()
  "Convert math construct at point to \"\\=\\[..\\=\\]\"."
  (interactive)
  (LaTeX-modify-math "\\["))

(defun my-LaTeX-make-equation* ()
  "Convert math construct at point to \"equation*\"."
  (interactive)
  (LaTeX-modify-math "equation*"))

(defun my-LaTeX-toggle-numbered ()
  "Convert math construct at point to \"equation*\".
If the math construct is already \"equation*\", then toggle with the
numbered variant \"equation\"."
  (interactive)
  (unless (texmathp) (user-error "Not inside math"))
  (let ((current (car texmathp-why)))
    (LaTeX-modify-math
     (pcase current
       ("equation*" "equation")
       ("equation" "equation*")
       (_ "equation*")))))

(defun my-LaTeX-toggle-align ()
  "Toggle math environment at point between \"equation\" and \"align\"."
  (interactive)
  (unless (texmathp) (user-error "Not inside math"))
  (let ((current (car texmathp-why)))
    (LaTeX-modify-math
     (pcase current
       ("align*" "equation*")
       ("equation*" "align*")
       ("align" "equation")
       ("equation" "align")
       (_ "align*")))))
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

We could document some of these in the manual (where?), but leave their
precise implementation and binding to the user.

How does this plan sound?  The attached patch contains everything but
documentation concerning LaTeX-modify-math, for which I await feedback
on a location in the manual and the overall soundness of the approach.

Thanks, best,

Paul


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-modify-math-and-LaTeX-make-inline.patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

From 2bbfcad353be520f91496ce131830495541ddf04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-modify-math and LaTeX-make-inline

* latex.el (LaTeX--modify-math-1, LaTeX--closing): New helper
functions.
(LaTeX-modify-math, LaTeX-make-inline): New commands.

* tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines)
(LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket)
(LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       |  10 ++
 latex.el                              | 187 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el | 203 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 400 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..9602c062 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,16 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
=20
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
=20
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..f6cc5b9d 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,193 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See a=
lso the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
=20
+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inli=
ne pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (and (looking-back "\n[[:blank:]]*" (point-min))
+                 (> (line-beginning-position) (point-min))
+                 (save-excursion
+                   (forward-line -1)
+                   (not (looking-at "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))
+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
+    (unless new-inline
+      ;; Ensure non-inline delimiters start on a blank line.
+      (unless (looking-back "\n[[:blank:]]*" (point-min))
+        (delete-horizontal-space)
+        (insert "\n")))
+    ;; Delete opening delimiter.
+    (delete-char (length open))
+    (let ((start (point)))
+      (search-forward close)
+      (when converting-to-inline
+        ;; Join with next line if non-blank.
+        (when (and (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+                   (< (line-end-position) (point-max))
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (forward-line 1)
+                     (not (looking-at-p "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))
+          (join-line 'next)))
+      (unless new-inline
+        (unless (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+          (save-excursion
+            (insert "\n"))))
+      ;; Delete closing delimiter.
+      (delete-char (- (length close)))
+      (save-restriction
+        (narrow-to-region start (point))
+        ;; Clear labels.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (let ((re (concat
+                   "\\(?:"
+                   (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                       (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+                     (format "%slabel%s%s%s"
+                             (regexp-quote TeX-esc)
+                             TeX-grop "[^}]*" TeX-grcl))
+                   "\\)")))
+          (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        ;; Delete leading and trailing whitespace.
+        (dolist (re '("\\`[ \t\n\r]+" "[ \t\n\r]+\\'"))
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (when (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        (unless new-inline
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (insert "\n")
+          (goto-char (point-max))
+          (insert "\n"))
+        ;; Insert new opening delimiter.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (insert new-open)
+        ;; Insert new closing delimiter
+        (goto-char (point-max))
+        (when (eq (point) (marker-position pos))
+          (set-marker-insertion-type pos (not 'advance)))
+        (when converting-to-inline
+          ;; Leave punctuation outside.
+          (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]"
+                               (max (point-min) (- (point) 5)))
+            (backward-char)))
+        (insert new-close)
+        ;; Indent, including one line past the modified region.
+        (widen)
+        (end-of-line 2)
+        (indent-region start (point))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--closing (type)
+  "Return closing delimiter corresponding to given `texmathp' TYPE.
+TYPE must be one of the (La)TeX symbols $, $$, \\( or \\=3D\\[, or a valid
+environment name.  Macros such as \\ensuremath are not supported."
+  (pcase type
+    ((or "$" "$$") type)
+    ("\\[" "\\]")
+    ("\\(" "\\)")
+    (_ (unless (assoc type (LaTeX-environment-list-filtered))
+         (error "Invalid or unsupported opening delimiter: %s" type))
+       (concat TeX-esc "end" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (&optional new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=3D\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX-environment-list-filtered))))
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s =E2=86=92 " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close n=
ew-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (if (member type '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\["))
+              (delete-char (length type))
+            (kill-line))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (eq (point) (marker-position pos))
+                         (setq pos nil))
+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (while (looking-at-p "[.,;:!?]")
+                           (forward-char)))
+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive)
+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))
+
 (provide 'latex)
=20
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-modi=
fy-math-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f50d9ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical=
-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  "Create a temporary LaTeX buffer with CONTENTS and execute BODY.
+This macro is used to set up a test environment for `LaTeX-modify-math'."
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b =3D c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b =3D c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "$$x!$$"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+        "\\[ x \\]"
+      (search-forward "x")
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Hi.\n\nWe have\n\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\=
n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Hi.\n\nWe have \\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Already $z$ inline."
+    (search-forward "z")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $...$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a + b\\) more text."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math nil))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text $a + b$ more text.")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation ()
+  "Convert multiline equation environment to inline, removing labels."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Before\n\\begin{equation}\n  x + y =3D z\n  \\label{eq:test}\n\\end=
{equation}\nAfter"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Before $x + y =3D z$ After"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon ()
+  "Move semicolon outside inline math."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ x + y; \\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x + y$;"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation ()
+  "Handle multiple punctuation marks."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ result?! \\]"
+    (search-forward "result")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$result$?!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation ()
+  "Preserve surrounding whitespace appropriately."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text   \\[   a + b   \\]   more."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text   $a + b$   more."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines ()
+  "Remove empty lines from display math when converting."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n\n  x =3D y  \n\n\\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x =3D y$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket ()
+  "Convert $...$ to \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\]."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text $x + y$ more."
+    (search-forward "+")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n\\[\n  x + y\n\\]\nmore."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $$...$$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a =3D b\\) end."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "$$")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n$$\na =3D b\n$$\nend."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to equation environment."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ f(x) =3D x^2 \\]"
+    (search-forward "f")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "equation")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\begin{equation}\n  f(x) =3D x^2\n\\e=
nd{equation}"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content ()
+  "Point after inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\n[[:space:]]*\\\\\\]"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content ()
+  "Point before inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "$")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (looking-at "x")
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content ()
+  "Point after display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\\$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content ()
+  "Point before display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "x")
+    (forward-char -1)
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip ()
+  "Point before/after content preserved for round-trip conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "foo $x+y$ bar"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (backward-char)
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-at "y"))
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "y"))))
+
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el ends here
--=20
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> The next planned command was an "inverse" to LaTeX-make-inline, say
> LaTeX-make-display, that converts inline math to display math.  I had
> planned to propose that command in a separate bug, but the two are so
> intertwined that I think it makes sense to treat them together.

> The tricky part in designing LaTeX-make-display is that different users
> may prefer different sorts of display math: \[..\], $$..$$,
> equation/equation*/align/align*/(...).  Given that we don't want to add
> too many new user options, it seemed best to provide a general
> LaTeX-modify-math command, which the user can either invoke
> interactively or specialize like so:
> (defun my-LaTeX-make-brackets ()

[...]

> How does this plan sound?  The attached patch contains everything but
> documentation concerning LaTeX-modify-math, for which I await feedback
> on a location in the manual and the overall soundness of the approach.

It seems interesting to me. I remember Uwe Brauer once requested such
feature[1].

[1] https://lists.gnu.org/r/auctex-devel/2022-01/msg00010.html

Here are my comments about your proposal. (I haven't acutually run the
code, so I might be saying something very dumb, sorry):

+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inline pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (and (looking-back "\n[[:blank:]]*" (point-min)) ... (1)
+                 (> (line-beginning-position) (point-min))   ... (2)
+                 (save-excursion
+                   (forward-line -1)
+                   (not (looking-at "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))

I'd write the conditional for the second `when' as
(save-excursion
  (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
  (and 
    (bolp) (not (bobp))
    (progn
      (forward-char -1)
      (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
      (not (bolp)))))
because `looking-back' isn't efficient. However, this piece of code
isn't as easy to read as yours, so you don't have to mind if you decide
to reject it.

Anyway, it seems to me that the condition (2) isn't needed because it is
always satisfied when the condition (1) is met, if I don't miss something.

+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
+    (unless new-inline
+      ;; Ensure non-inline delimiters start on a blank line.
+      (unless (looking-back "\n[[:blank:]]*" (point-min))
+        (delete-horizontal-space)
+        (insert "\n")))
+    ;; Delete opening delimiter.
+    (delete-char (length open))
+    (let ((start (point)))
+      (search-forward close)
+      (when converting-to-inline
+        ;; Join with next line if non-blank.
+        (when (and (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+                   (< (line-end-position) (point-max))  ... (3)
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (forward-line 1)
+                     (not (looking-at-p "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))

Again, the condition (3) seems dispensable.

+          (join-line 'next)))
+      (unless new-inline
+        (unless (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+          (save-excursion
+            (insert "\n"))))
+      ;; Delete closing delimiter.
+      (delete-char (- (length close)))
+      (save-restriction
+        (narrow-to-region start (point))
+        ;; Clear labels.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (let ((re (concat
+                   "\\(?:"
+                   (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                       (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+                     (format "%slabel%s%s%s"
+                             (regexp-quote TeX-esc)
+                             TeX-grop "[^}]*" TeX-grcl))
+                   "\\)")))
+          (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        ;; Delete leading and trailing whitespace.

Is it really necessary to delete leading whitespaces? At the end of this
function, we do `indent-region', which I expect would do the job. (And
then, we can just call `delete-trailing-whitespace'.)

+        (dolist (re '("\\`[ \t\n\r]+" "[ \t\n\r]+\\'"))
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (when (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))

+        (unless new-inline
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (insert "\n")
+          (goto-char (point-max))
+          (insert "\n"))
+        ;; Insert new opening delimiter.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (insert new-open)
+        ;; Insert new closing delimiter
+        (goto-char (point-max))
+        (when (eq (point) (marker-position pos))

We can simplify the conditional as
(= (point) pos)

+          (set-marker-insertion-type pos (not 'advance)))
+        (when converting-to-inline
+          ;; Leave punctuation outside.
+          (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]"
+                               (max (point-min) (- (point) 5)))
+            (backward-char)))

We can use `skip-chars-backward' instead of the `while' loop.

+        (insert new-close)
+        ;; Indent, including one line past the modified region.
+        (widen)
+        (end-of-line 2)
+        (indent-region start (point))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--closing (type)
+  "Return closing delimiter corresponding to given `texmathp' TYPE.
+TYPE must be one of the (La)TeX symbols $, $$, \\( or \\=\\[, or a valid
+environment name.  Macros such as \\ensuremath are not supported."
+  (pcase type
+    ((or "$" "$$") type)
+    ("\\[" "\\]")
+    ("\\(" "\\)")
+    (_ (unless (assoc type (LaTeX-environment-list-filtered))
+         (error "Invalid or unsupported opening delimiter: %s" type))
+       (concat TeX-esc "end" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (&optional new-type)

Why do you make the `new-type' argument optional? It is always non-nil
when called interactively, and must be non-nil when called in program
according to the following doc string.

+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX-environment-list-filtered))))
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s $B"*(B " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close new-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (if (member type '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\["))
+              (delete-char (length type))
+            (kill-line))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (eq (point) (marker-position pos))

Again, we can do
(= (point) pos)
here.

+                         (setq pos nil))

I recommend to do
(set-marker pos nil)
before throwing away a temporal marker. See (elisp) Overview of Markers:
,----
| Insertion and deletion in a buffer must check all the markers and
| relocate them if necessary.  This slows processing in a buffer with a
| large number of markers.  For this reason, it is a good idea to make a
| marker point nowhere if you are sure you don't need it any more.
| Markers that can no longer be accessed are eventually removed (*note
| Garbage Collection::).
`----

+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (while (looking-at-p "[.,;:!?]")
+                           (forward-char)))

Again, we can use `skip-chars-forward' here.

+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)))))

Again, I recommend to do
(set-marker pos nil)
when a temporal marker finishes its job.

+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=\\[...\\=\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive)

How about
(interactive "*")
instead?
(Maybe we should consider to add
(barf-if-buffer-read-only)
in `LaTeX-modify-math' as well.)

+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))
+

Regards,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
In-Reply-To: <3005.1748892267@localhost> (message from Ikumi Keita on Tue,
 03 Jun 2025 04:24:27 +0900)
Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2025 10:09:00 +0200
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Ikumi, many thanks for your feedback.

> Is it really necessary to delete leading whitespaces? At the end of this
> function, we do `indent-region', which I expect would do the job. (And
> then, we can just call `delete-trailing-whitespace'.)

Deleting whitespace is relevant when converting from display to inline.
It seemed like the appropriate way to handle the variety of ways users
might write display math, e.g., $$ x + y $$ with or without newlines.
Other suggestions would be welcome.

I've incorporated all the other suggested changes, together with the
following further changes:

- replaced calls to LaTeX-environment-list-filtered with a new helper
  function LaTeX-math-environment-list (which could be made internal, I
  suppose?) that returns a more suitable list.

- factored our a helper function LaTeX--strip-labels.

Any further feedback welcome.

Thanks, best,

Paul


--=-=-=
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 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-modify-math-and-LaTeX-make-inline.patch
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From 8fe833bb6682d9270df48ba63cca8c72511fc35d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-modify-math and LaTeX-make-inline

* latex.el (LaTeX--strip-labels, LaTeX--modify-math-1)
(LaTeX--closing, LaTeX--math-environment-list): New helper
functions.
(LaTeX-modify-math, LaTeX-make-inline): New commands.

* tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines)
(LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket)
(LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       |  10 ++
 latex.el                              | 203 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el | 203 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 416 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..9602c062 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,16 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
=20
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
=20
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..0c64155d 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,209 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See a=
lso the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
=20
+(defun LaTeX--strip-labels ()
+  "Remove label commands between point and end of buffer."
+  (let ((re (concat
+             "\\(?:"
+             (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                 (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+               (format "%slabel%s%s%s"
+                       (regexp-quote TeX-esc)
+                       TeX-grop "[^}]*" TeX-grcl))
+             "\\)")))
+    (save-excursion
+      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+        (replace-match "")))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inli=
ne pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (save-excursion
+              (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+              (and
+               (bolp) (not (bobp))
+               (progn
+                 (forward-char -1)
+                 (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                 (not (bolp)))))
+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
+    (unless new-inline
+      ;; Ensure non-inline delimiters start on a blank line.
+      (unless (save-excursion
+                (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                (and
+                 (bolp) (not (bobp))))
+        (delete-horizontal-space)
+        (insert "\n")))
+    ;; Delete opening delimiter.
+    (delete-char (length open))
+    (let ((start (point)))
+      (search-forward close)
+      (when converting-to-inline
+        ;; Join with next line if non-blank.
+        (when (and (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (forward-line 1)
+                     (not (looking-at-p "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))
+          (join-line 'next)))
+      (unless new-inline
+        (unless (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+          (save-excursion
+            (insert "\n"))))
+      ;; Delete closing delimiter.
+      (delete-char (- (length close)))
+      (save-restriction
+        (narrow-to-region start (point))
+        ;; Clear labels.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (LaTeX--strip-labels)
+        ;; Delete leading and trailing whitespace.
+        (dolist (re '("\\`[ \t\n\r]+" "[ \t\n\r]+\\'"))
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (when (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        (unless new-inline
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (insert "\n")
+          (goto-char (point-max))
+          (insert "\n"))
+        ;; Insert new opening delimiter.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (insert new-open)
+        ;; Insert new closing delimiter
+        (goto-char (point-max))
+        (when (=3D (point) pos)
+          (set-marker-insertion-type pos (not 'advance)))
+        (when converting-to-inline
+          (skip-chars-backward ".,;:!?"))
+        (insert new-close)
+        ;; Indent, including one line past the modified region.
+        (widen)
+        (end-of-line 2)
+        (indent-region start (point))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--math-environment-list ()
+  "Return list of defined math environments.
+This combines the env-on entries from `texmathp' and any user additions."
+  (texmathp-compile)
+  (mapcar #'car
+          (cl-remove-if-not
+           (lambda (entry)
+             (eq (nth 1 entry) 'env-on))
+           texmathp-tex-commands1)))
+
+(defun LaTeX--closing (type)
+  "Return closing delimiter corresponding to given `texmathp' TYPE.
+TYPE must be one of the (La)TeX symbols $, $$, \\( or \\=3D\\[, or a valid
+environment name.  Macros such as \\ensuremath are not supported."
+  (pcase type
+    ((or "$" "$$") type)
+    ("\\[" "\\]")
+    ("\\(" "\\)")
+    (_ (unless (member type (LaTeX--math-environment-list))
+         (error "Invalid or unsupported opening delimiter: %s" type))
+       (concat TeX-esc "end" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=3D\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX--math-environment-list))))
+     (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s =E2=86=92 " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close n=
ew-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (delete-char (length open))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (=3D (point) pos)
+                         (set-marker pos nil))
+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (skip-chars-forward ".,;:!?"))
+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)
+        (set-marker pos nil)))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))
+
 (provide 'latex)
=20
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-modi=
fy-math-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f50d9ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical=
-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  "Create a temporary LaTeX buffer with CONTENTS and execute BODY.
+This macro is used to set up a test environment for `LaTeX-modify-math'."
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b =3D c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b =3D c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "$$x!$$"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+        "\\[ x \\]"
+      (search-forward "x")
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Hi.\n\nWe have\n\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\=
n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Hi.\n\nWe have \\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Already $z$ inline."
+    (search-forward "z")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $...$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a + b\\) more text."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math nil))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text $a + b$ more text.")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation ()
+  "Convert multiline equation environment to inline, removing labels."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Before\n\\begin{equation}\n  x + y =3D z\n  \\label{eq:test}\n\\end=
{equation}\nAfter"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Before $x + y =3D z$ After"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon ()
+  "Move semicolon outside inline math."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ x + y; \\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x + y$;"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation ()
+  "Handle multiple punctuation marks."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ result?! \\]"
+    (search-forward "result")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$result$?!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation ()
+  "Preserve surrounding whitespace appropriately."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text   \\[   a + b   \\]   more."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text   $a + b$   more."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines ()
+  "Remove empty lines from display math when converting."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n\n  x =3D y  \n\n\\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x =3D y$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket ()
+  "Convert $...$ to \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\]."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text $x + y$ more."
+    (search-forward "+")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n\\[\n  x + y\n\\]\nmore."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $$...$$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a =3D b\\) end."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "$$")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n$$\na =3D b\n$$\nend."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to equation environment."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ f(x) =3D x^2 \\]"
+    (search-forward "f")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "equation")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\begin{equation}\n  f(x) =3D x^2\n\\e=
nd{equation}"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content ()
+  "Point after inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\n[[:space:]]*\\\\\\]"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content ()
+  "Point before inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "$")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (looking-at "x")
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content ()
+  "Point after display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\\$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content ()
+  "Point before display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "x")
+    (forward-char -1)
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip ()
+  "Point before/after content preserved for round-trip conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "foo $x+y$ bar"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (backward-char)
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-at "y"))
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "y"))))
+
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el ends here
--=20
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> Deleting whitespace is relevant when converting from display to inline.
> It seemed like the appropriate way to handle the variety of ways users
> might write display math, e.g., $$ x + y $$ with or without newlines.

I see, thanks for explanation.

+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inline pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (save-excursion
+              (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+              (and
+               (bolp) (not (bobp))
+               (progn
+                 (forward-char -1)
+                 (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                 (not (bolp)))))
+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))

Why do you go forth and back here? What's wrong with a bare `join-line'
without two `forward-char's?

+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX--math-environment-list))))
+     (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s $B"*(B " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close new-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (delete-char (length open))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (= (point) pos)
+                         (set-marker pos nil))

We have to keep
(setq pos nil)
after `set-marker', which doesn't change the value of `pos' itself.

+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (skip-chars-forward ".,;:!?"))
+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)
+        (set-marker pos nil)))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=\\[...\\=\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\", fitting the
+result onto one line.  Finally, leave any trailing punctuation outside
+the math delimiters."
+  (interactive "*")
+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))

As far as I can see, the proposed feature doesn't support docTeX mode. I
don't think that is a practical problem at all, but addition of FIXME
comment and breif mention about it in the documentation would be nice.

Regards,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Ikumi,

> +        (forward-char (length open))
> +        (save-excursion (join-line))
> +        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
>
> Why do you go forth and back here? What's wrong with a bare `join-line'
> without two `forward-char's?

Suppose the buffer contains:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
We have
\begin{equation*}
  x + y = z.
\end{equation*}
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

With point on line 2, join-line yields a buffer with first line:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
We have \begin{equation*}
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

The motivation for the slightly convoluted code is that, when point is
at beginning of line, (save-excursion (join-line)) places point just
before " \begin" (rather than just before "\begin", as one might have
expected).  On the other hand, it behaves in the expected way if point
occurs later in the line (e.g., after "}").  Rather than trying to
understand exactly why join-line behaves this way (which seems like a
potentially non-robust feature that could change in the future), it
seemed simpler just to do the little dance that you see in the code.
I've added a comment to the code summarizing the above.

> We have to keep
> (setq pos nil)
> after `set-marker', which doesn't change the value of `pos' itself.

Thanks, good catch.

> As far as I can see, the proposed feature doesn't support docTeX mode. I
> don't think that is a practical problem at all, but addition of FIXME
> comment and breif mention about it in the documentation would be nice.

I'll trust you on this one -- I'm regrettably ignorant of TeX outside a
limited practical subset of LaTeX.  I've added some FIXME comments,
hopefully as intended.

There remains the question of where in the manual to document
LaTeX-modify-math and whether to illustrate it via examples like in my
earlier email.

Thanks, best,

Paul


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-modify-math-and-LaTeX-make-inline.patch
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From af62d287b5f45fedbc963ad4231ef736045b38b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-modify-math and LaTeX-make-inline

* latex.el (LaTeX--strip-labels, LaTeX--modify-math-1)
(LaTeX--closing, LaTeX--math-environment-list): New helper
functions.
(LaTeX-modify-math, LaTeX-make-inline): New commands.

* tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines)
(LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket)
(LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       |  11 ++
 latex.el                              | 207 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el | 203 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 421 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..d62f83b7 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,17 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
=20
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.  (It may not work
+correctly in docTeX.)
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
=20
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..29ddb9a8 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,213 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See a=
lso the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
=20
+(defun LaTeX--strip-labels ()
+  "Remove label commands between point and end of buffer."
+  (let ((re (concat
+             "\\(?:"
+             (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                 (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+               (format "%slabel%s%s%s"
+                       (regexp-quote TeX-esc)
+                       TeX-grop "[^}]*" TeX-grcl))
+             "\\)")))
+    (save-excursion
+      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+        (replace-match "")))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inli=
ne pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (save-excursion
+              (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+              (and
+               (bolp) (not (bobp))
+               (progn
+                 (forward-char -1)
+                 (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                 (not (bolp)))))
+        ;; The following dance gets around the slightly counterintuitive
+        ;; behavior of (save-excursion (join-line)) with point at bol.
+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
+    (unless new-inline
+      ;; Ensure non-inline delimiters start on a blank line.
+      (unless (save-excursion
+                (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                (and
+                 (bolp) (not (bobp))))
+        (delete-horizontal-space)
+        (insert "\n")))
+    ;; Delete opening delimiter.
+    (delete-char (length open))
+    (let ((start (point)))
+      (search-forward close)
+      (when converting-to-inline
+        ;; Join with next line if non-blank.
+        (when (and (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (forward-line 1)
+                     (not (looking-at-p "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))
+          (join-line 'next)))
+      (unless new-inline
+        (unless (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+          (save-excursion
+            (insert "\n"))))
+      ;; Delete closing delimiter.
+      (delete-char (- (length close)))
+      (save-restriction
+        (narrow-to-region start (point))
+        ;; Clear labels.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (LaTeX--strip-labels)
+        ;; Delete leading and trailing whitespace.
+        (dolist (re '("\\`[ \t\n\r]+" "[ \t\n\r]+\\'"))
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (when (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        (unless new-inline
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (insert "\n")
+          (goto-char (point-max))
+          (insert "\n"))
+        ;; Insert new opening delimiter.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (insert new-open)
+        ;; Insert new closing delimiter
+        (goto-char (point-max))
+        (when (=3D (point) pos)
+          (set-marker-insertion-type pos (not 'advance)))
+        (when converting-to-inline
+          (skip-chars-backward ".,;:!?"))
+        (insert new-close)
+        ;; Indent, including one line past the modified region.
+        (widen)
+        (end-of-line 2)
+        (indent-region start (point))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--math-environment-list ()
+  "Return list of defined math environments.
+This combines the env-on entries from `texmathp' and any user additions."
+  (texmathp-compile)
+  (mapcar #'car
+          (cl-remove-if-not
+           (lambda (entry)
+             (eq (nth 1 entry) 'env-on))
+           texmathp-tex-commands1)))
+
+(defun LaTeX--closing (type)
+  "Return closing delimiter corresponding to given `texmathp' TYPE.
+TYPE must be one of the (La)TeX symbols $, $$, \\( or \\=3D\\[, or a valid
+environment name.  Macros such as \\ensuremath are not supported."
+  (pcase type
+    ((or "$" "$$") type)
+    ("\\[" "\\]")
+    ("\\(" "\\)")
+    (_ (unless (member type (LaTeX--math-environment-list))
+         (error "Invalid or unsupported opening delimiter: %s" type))
+       (concat TeX-esc "end" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=3D\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  ;; FIXME: this function may not work correctly in docTeX
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX--math-environment-list))))
+     (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s =E2=86=92 " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close n=
ew-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (delete-char (length open))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (=3D (point) pos)
+                         (set-marker pos nil)
+                         (setq pos nil))
+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (skip-chars-forward ".,;:!?"))
+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)
+        (set-marker pos nil)))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\".  Leave any
+trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
+  ;; FIXME: this function may not work correctly in docTeX
+  (interactive "*")
+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))
+
 (provide 'latex)
=20
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-modi=
fy-math-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f50d9ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical=
-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  "Create a temporary LaTeX buffer with CONTENTS and execute BODY.
+This macro is used to set up a test environment for `LaTeX-modify-math'."
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b =3D c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b =3D c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "$$x!$$"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+        "\\[ x \\]"
+      (search-forward "x")
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Hi.\n\nWe have\n\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\=
n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Hi.\n\nWe have \\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Already $z$ inline."
+    (search-forward "z")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $...$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a + b\\) more text."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math nil))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text $a + b$ more text.")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation ()
+  "Convert multiline equation environment to inline, removing labels."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Before\n\\begin{equation}\n  x + y =3D z\n  \\label{eq:test}\n\\end=
{equation}\nAfter"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Before $x + y =3D z$ After"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon ()
+  "Move semicolon outside inline math."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ x + y; \\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x + y$;"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation ()
+  "Handle multiple punctuation marks."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ result?! \\]"
+    (search-forward "result")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$result$?!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation ()
+  "Preserve surrounding whitespace appropriately."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text   \\[   a + b   \\]   more."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text   $a + b$   more."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines ()
+  "Remove empty lines from display math when converting."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n\n  x =3D y  \n\n\\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x =3D y$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket ()
+  "Convert $...$ to \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\]."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text $x + y$ more."
+    (search-forward "+")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n\\[\n  x + y\n\\]\nmore."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $$...$$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a =3D b\\) end."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "$$")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n$$\na =3D b\n$$\nend."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to equation environment."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ f(x) =3D x^2 \\]"
+    (search-forward "f")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "equation")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\begin{equation}\n  f(x) =3D x^2\n\\e=
nd{equation}"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content ()
+  "Point after inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\n[[:space:]]*\\\\\\]"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content ()
+  "Point before inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "$")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (looking-at "x")
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content ()
+  "Point after display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\\$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content ()
+  "Point before display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "x")
+    (forward-char -1)
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip ()
+  "Point before/after content preserved for round-trip conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "foo $x+y$ bar"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (backward-char)
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-at "y"))
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "y"))))
+
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el ends here
--=20
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> Suppose the buffer contains:
> We have
> \begin{equation*}
>   x + y = z.
> \end{equation*}

> With point on line 2, join-line yields a buffer with first line:
> We have \begin{equation*}
> The motivation for the slightly convoluted code is that, when point is
> at beginning of line, (save-excursion (join-line)) places point just
> before " \begin" (rather than just before "\begin", as one might have
> expected).

Thanks for explanation. Hmm, it's indeed annoying. :-(

> I'll trust you on this one -- I'm regrettably ignorant of TeX outside a
> limited practical subset of LaTeX.

To have a minimum acquaintance with docTeX document, visit
latex/preview.dtx in AUCTeX repository. It's basically full of
"commented" text with leading "%" sign at the beginning of line.

> I've added some FIXME comments, hopefully as intended.

Thank you, those are enough.

+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  ;; FIXME: this function may not work correctly in docTeX
+  (interactive
+   (let* ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+          (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                       (LaTeX--math-environment-list))))

It seems `let' is enough. (I don't know the C implementation of `let'
and `let*' of elisp; maybe is there any guideline which recommends
`let*' over `let', due to the implementation detail, when both can do
the job equally?)

+     (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s $B"*(B " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let* ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                       type
+                     (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+             (close (LaTeX--closing type)))

Same comment with respect to `let' and `let*'.

+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let* ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))

Same comment.

> There remains the question of where in the manual to document
> LaTeX-modify-math and whether to illustrate it via examples like in my
> earlier email.

AUCTeX manual already has "Mathematics" node, so I think you should add
explanation there.
Examples are welcomed in the manual. Users who don't know elisp well
will know how to use the prepaired function.

> (defun my-LaTeX-make-brackets ()
>   "Convert math construct at point to \"\\=\\[..\\=\\]\"."
                                                  ^^^
I'd suggest to remove quotation for \]. In contrast to \[, \] will be
displayed literally without \=, though extra \= is harmless.

Regards,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

Hi Ikumi,

I fixed the let/let* issues you noted.

> AUCTeX manual already has "Mathematics" node, so I think you should add
> explanation there.
> Examples are welcomed in the manual. Users who don't know elisp well
> will know how to use the prepaired function.

I've updated the attached patch with docs (so I think it's now in good
shape, but I always welcome feedback on my texinfo).

>> (defun my-LaTeX-make-brackets ()
>>   "Convert math construct at point to \"\\=\\[..\\=\\]\"."
>                                                   ^^^
> I'd suggest to remove quotation for \]. In contrast to \[, \] will be
> displayed literally without \=, though extra \= is harmless.

Done.  Any further feedback welcome!

Paul


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=0001-Add-LaTeX-modify-math-and-LaTeX-make-inline.patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

From 13e311945503d0e89907504f256b8c0c747e42ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Paul Nelson <ultrono@HIDDEN>
Date: Thu, 29 May 2025 11:14:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add LaTeX-modify-math and LaTeX-make-inline

* latex.el (LaTeX--strip-labels, LaTeX--modify-math-1)
(LaTeX--closing, LaTeX--math-environment-list): New helper
functions.
(LaTeX-modify-math, LaTeX-make-inline): New
commands (bug#78586).

* tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el: New test file.
(latex-make-inline-test--with-temp-buffer): New test macro.
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines)
(LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket)
(LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar)
(LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content)
(LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip): New test cases.

* doc/auctex.texi (Quotes): Document LaTeX-make-inline.
(Mathematics): Document LaTeX-modify-math and variants.
---
 doc/auctex.texi                       | 114 ++++++++++++++
 latex.el                              | 207 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el | 203 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 524 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el

diff --git a/doc/auctex.texi b/doc/auctex.texi
index 0b486c8c..5629a693 100644
--- a/doc/auctex.texi
+++ b/doc/auctex.texi
@@ -484,6 +484,17 @@ to prevent unmatched dollar.
 Note that Texinfo mode does nothing special for @kbd{$}.  It inserts
 dollar sign(s) just in the same way as the other normal keys do.
=20
+@AUCTeX{} provides the command @code{LaTeX-make-inline} which converts the
+display math environment at point to inline math.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-make-inline
+Convert @LaTeX{} display math environment at point to inline math.  This
+command replaces the enclosing math environment such as @samp{\[...\]} or
+@samp{\begin@{equation@}...\end@{equation@}} with the value of
+@code{TeX-electric-math} or @samp{$...$} by default.  (It may not work
+correctly in docTeX.)
+@end deffn
+
 @subheading Braces
=20
 To avoid unbalanced braces, it is useful to insert them pairwise.  You
@@ -1290,6 +1301,109 @@ is typed to begin math mode or a math environment i=
s inserted by
 @kbd{C-c C-e} (@code{LaTeX-environment}).
 @end defopt
=20
+@subheading Modifying Math Delimiters and Environments
+@cindex LaTeX-modify-math
+@cindex Inline math, converting
+@cindex Display math, converting
+@cindex Math environment, converting
+
+@AUCTeX{} offers the command @code{LaTeX-modify-math} to convert the
+mathematical construct at point---whether it is inline math such as
+@samp{$...$} or @samp{\(...\)}, a display construct such as @samp{$$...$$}
+or @samp{\[...\]}, or an environment such as @samp{\begin@{equation@}
+... \end@{equation@}}---into a different kind of delimiter or environment.
+
+@deffn Command LaTeX-modify-math
+Interactively, prompt for the target delimiter or environment.  The
+completion table contains the inline delimiters @samp{$} and @samp{\(},
+the display delimiters @samp{$$} and @samp{\[}, and every math environment
+known to @code{texmathp}, such as @samp{equation}, @samp{align*}, or
+anything in the user option @code{texmathp-tex-commands}.  The current
+construct is then rewritten using the chosen form, taking care to
+@itemize @bullet
+@item keep any trailing punctuation outside inline math,
+@item put display constructs on their own lines, and
+@item strip any @code{\label@{@}} commands when converting to inline math.
+@end itemize
+
+When called from Lisp, @var{new-type} may be a string naming a delimiter
+or environment, or a cons @code{((@var{open} . @var{close})
+. @var{inline})} specifying custom delimiters, where @var{inline} is
+non-@code{nil} for inline math.
+
+This command does @emph{not} understand macro-based math wrappers such as
+@code{\ensuremath}.  It may also fail in docTeX buffers.
+@end deffn
+
+A related command, invoked with a prefix argument, is @kbd{C-u C-c C-e}
+(@code{LaTeX-environment}) (@pxref{Environments}).  This modifies the
+current @LaTeX{} environment, while @code{LaTeX-modify-math} also handles
+inline/display constructs.
+
+You can define commands that convert to a particular form, e.g.@: by
+adding the following to your init file::
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-LaTeX-make-brackets ()
+  "Convert math construct at point to \"\\=3D\\[..\\]\"."
+  (interactive)
+  (LaTeX-modify-math "\\["))
+@end lisp
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-LaTeX-make-equation* ()
+  "Convert math construct at point to \"equation*\"."
+  (interactive)
+  (LaTeX-modify-math "equation*"))
+@end lisp
+
+You can use @code{LaTeX-modify-math} to build higher=E2=80=91level toggles=
.  The
+following modifies any math construct to an @samp{equation*} environment,
+then toggles the numbered status:
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-LaTeX-toggle-numbered ()
+  "Convert math construct at point to \"equation*\".
+If the math construct is already \"equation*\", then toggle with the
+numbered variant \"equation\"."
+  (interactive)
+  (unless (texmathp) (user-error "Not inside math"))
+  (let ((current (car texmathp-why)))
+    (LaTeX-modify-math
+     (pcase current
+       ("equation*" "equation")
+       ("equation" "equation*")
+       (_ "equation*")))))
+@end lisp
+
+A further example toggles between @samp{equation}, @samp{align} and their
+starred forms:
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-LaTeX-toggle-align ()
+  "Toggle math environment at point between \"equation\" and \"align\"."
+  (interactive)
+  (unless (texmathp) (user-error "Not inside math"))
+  (let ((current (car texmathp-why)))
+    (LaTeX-modify-math
+     (pcase current
+       ("align*" "equation*")
+       ("equation*" "align*")
+       ("align" "equation")
+       ("equation" "align")
+       (_ "align*")))))
+@end lisp
+
+Such helper commands can be bound in @code{LaTeX-mode-map} as you see fit,
+e.g.@: by adding the following to your init file:
+
+@lisp
+(keymap-set LaTeX-mode-map "C-c e" #'my-LaTeX-make-equation*)
+@end lisp
+
+@xref{Quotes,,LaTeX-make-inline}, for a built-in convenience wrapper that
+converts display constructs to inline math.
+
 @node Completion
 @section Completion
 @cindex Completion
diff --git a/latex.el b/latex.el
index 797513f2..81da0c40 100644
--- a/latex.el
+++ b/latex.el
@@ -9551,6 +9551,213 @@ no caption key is found, an error is issued.  See a=
lso the docstring of
                           "LARGE" "huge" "Huge")
   "List of LaTeX font size declarations.")
=20
+(defun LaTeX--strip-labels ()
+  "Remove label commands between point and end of buffer."
+  (let ((re (concat
+             "\\(?:"
+             (if (bound-and-true-p reftex-label-regexps)
+                 (mapconcat #'identity reftex-label-regexps "\\|")
+               (format "%slabel%s%s%s"
+                       (regexp-quote TeX-esc)
+                       TeX-grop "[^}]*" TeX-grcl))
+             "\\)")))
+    (save-excursion
+      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
+        (replace-match "")))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--modify-math-1 (open close inline new-open new-close new-inli=
ne pos)
+  "Helper function for `LaTeX-modify-math'.
+OPEN and CLOSE are the current delimiters, NEW-OPEN and NEW-CLOSE are
+the new delimiters.  INLINE and NEW-INLINE are booleans indicating
+whether the current and new delimiters are inline or display math.
+Assume point is at the start of the current OPEN delimiter.  POS is a
+marker that keeps track of cursor position."
+  (let ((converting-to-inline (and (not inline) new-inline)))
+    (when converting-to-inline
+      ;; Join with previous line if non-blank.
+      (when (save-excursion
+              (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+              (and
+               (bolp) (not (bobp))
+               (progn
+                 (forward-char -1)
+                 (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                 (not (bolp)))))
+        ;; The following dance gets around the slightly counterintuitive
+        ;; behavior of (save-excursion (join-line)) with point at bol.
+        (forward-char (length open))
+        (save-excursion (join-line))
+        (forward-char (- (length open)))))
+    (unless new-inline
+      ;; Ensure non-inline delimiters start on a blank line.
+      (unless (save-excursion
+                (skip-chars-backward "[:blank:]")
+                (and
+                 (bolp) (not (bobp))))
+        (delete-horizontal-space)
+        (insert "\n")))
+    ;; Delete opening delimiter.
+    (delete-char (length open))
+    (let ((start (point)))
+      (search-forward close)
+      (when converting-to-inline
+        ;; Join with next line if non-blank.
+        (when (and (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+                   (save-excursion
+                     (forward-line 1)
+                     (not (looking-at-p "^[[:blank:]]*$"))))
+          (join-line 'next)))
+      (unless new-inline
+        (unless (looking-at-p "[[:blank:]]*\n")
+          (save-excursion
+            (insert "\n"))))
+      ;; Delete closing delimiter.
+      (delete-char (- (length close)))
+      (save-restriction
+        (narrow-to-region start (point))
+        ;; Clear labels.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (LaTeX--strip-labels)
+        ;; Delete leading and trailing whitespace.
+        (dolist (re '("\\`[ \t\n\r]+" "[ \t\n\r]+\\'"))
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (when (re-search-forward re nil t)
+            (replace-match "")))
+        (unless new-inline
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (insert "\n")
+          (goto-char (point-max))
+          (insert "\n"))
+        ;; Insert new opening delimiter.
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (insert new-open)
+        ;; Insert new closing delimiter
+        (goto-char (point-max))
+        (when (=3D (point) pos)
+          (set-marker-insertion-type pos (not 'advance)))
+        (when converting-to-inline
+          (skip-chars-backward ".,;:!?"))
+        (insert new-close)
+        ;; Indent, including one line past the modified region.
+        (widen)
+        (end-of-line 2)
+        (indent-region start (point))))))
+
+(defun LaTeX--math-environment-list ()
+  "Return list of defined math environments.
+This combines the env-on entries from `texmathp' and any user additions."
+  (texmathp-compile)
+  (mapcar #'car
+          (cl-remove-if-not
+           (lambda (entry)
+             (eq (nth 1 entry) 'env-on))
+           texmathp-tex-commands1)))
+
+(defun LaTeX--closing (type)
+  "Return closing delimiter corresponding to given `texmathp' TYPE.
+TYPE must be one of the (La)TeX symbols $, $$, \\( or \\=3D\\[, or a valid
+environment name.  Macros such as \\ensuremath are not supported."
+  (pcase type
+    ((or "$" "$$") type)
+    ("\\[" "\\]")
+    ("\\(" "\\)")
+    (_ (unless (member type (LaTeX--math-environment-list))
+         (error "Invalid or unsupported opening delimiter: %s" type))
+       (concat TeX-esc "end" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-modify-math (new-type)
+  "Modify the current math construct to NEW-TYPE.
+
+Interactively, prompt for NEW-TYPE from a list of inline math
+delimiters (\"$\", \"\\(\"), display math delimiters (\"$$\",
+\"\\=3D\\[\") and valid LaTeX environments (\"equation\", ...).
+
+Non-interactively, NEW-TYPE must be either
+- a string specifying the target delimiter or environment name, or
+- a cons cell ((OPEN . CLOSE) . INLINE), where OPEN and CLOSE are
+  delimiters and INLINE is non-nil if the math construct is to be
+  understood as inline.
+
+The function converts the math construct at point (inline, display, or
+environment) to the specified NEW-TYPE, preserving the content.  If
+point is not in a math construct, signal an error.  Clears any active
+previews at point before modification.
+
+Does not support modifying macro-based constructs such as \\ensuremath."
+  ;; FIXME: this function may not work correctly in docTeX
+  (interactive
+   (let ((type (progn (texmathp) (car texmathp-why)))
+         (tbl (append '("$" "\\(" "$$" "\\[")
+                      (LaTeX--math-environment-list))))
+     (barf-if-buffer-read-only)
+     (unless type (user-error "Not inside math"))
+     (LaTeX--closing type) ;; Check for errors.
+     (list (completing-read
+            (format "Convert %s =E2=86=92 " type) tbl nil t nil nil
+            type))))
+  (let ((new-open (if (stringp new-type)
+                      new-type
+                    (caar new-type)))
+        (new-close (if (stringp new-type)
+                       (LaTeX--closing new-type)
+                     (cdar new-type)))
+        (new-inline (if (stringp new-type)
+                        (member new-type '("$" "\\("))
+                      (cdr new-type))))
+    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
+      (preview-clearout-at-point))
+    (unless (called-interactively-p 'any)
+      (unless (texmathp) (error "Not inside math")))
+    (let ((type (car texmathp-why))
+          (math-start (cdr texmathp-why))
+          (pos (point-marker)))
+      (set-marker-insertion-type pos
+                                 (not
+                                  (and
+                                   (< (point) (point-max))
+                                   (save-excursion
+                                     (forward-char)
+                                     (not (texmathp))))))
+      (goto-char math-start)
+      (let ((open (if (member type '("\\(" "$" "\\[" "$$"))
+                      type
+                    (concat TeX-esc "begin" TeX-grop type TeX-grcl)))
+            (close (LaTeX--closing type)))
+        (if (or (not (stringp new-type))
+                (member new-open '("$" "\\(" "\\[" "$$")))
+            ;; Conversion to inline or non-environment display.
+            (let ((inline (member type '("$" "\\("))))
+              (LaTeX--modify-math-1 open close inline new-open new-close n=
ew-inline pos))
+          ;; Conversion to an environment.
+          (delete-char (length open))
+          (push-mark (save-excursion
+                       (search-forward close)
+                       (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
+                       (when (=3D (point) pos)
+                         (set-marker pos nil)
+                         (setq pos nil))
+                       (when (member type '("$" "\\("))
+                         (skip-chars-forward ".,;:!?"))
+                       (point)))
+          (activate-mark)
+          (LaTeX-insert-environment new-type)))
+      (when pos
+        (goto-char pos)
+        (set-marker pos nil)))))
+
+(defun LaTeX-make-inline ()
+  "Convert LaTeX display math construct at point to inline math.
+Remove the enclosing math construct (such as \\=3D\\[...\\] or
+\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}) and replace it with inline math
+surrounded by `TeX-electric-math' if non-nil, or \"$...$\".  Leave any
+trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
+  ;; FIXME: this function may not work correctly in docTeX
+  (interactive "*")
+  (LaTeX-modify-math
+   (if TeX-electric-math
+       (cons TeX-electric-math 'inline)
+     "$")))
+
 (provide 'latex)
=20
 ;;; latex.el ends here
diff --git a/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el b/tests/latex/latex-modi=
fy-math-test.el
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f50d9ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/latex/latex-modify-math-test.el
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el --- tests for LaTeX-make-inline  -*- lexical=
-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+;; This file is part of AUCTeX.
+
+;; AUCTeX is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+;; any later version.
+
+;; AUCTeX is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+;; General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with AUCTeX; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
+;; Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+;; 02110-1301, USA.
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'cl-lib)
+(require 'latex)
+
+(defmacro latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer (contents &rest body)
+  "Create a temporary LaTeX buffer with CONTENTS and execute BODY.
+This macro is used to set up a test environment for `LaTeX-modify-math'."
+  (declare (indent 1) (debug t))
+  `(with-temp-buffer
+     (LaTeX-mode)
+     (insert ,contents)
+     (goto-char (point-min))
+     (cl-letf (((symbol-function 'preview-clearout-at-point) #'ignore))
+       ,@body)))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-bracket-period ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to $..$ and keep trailing period."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "We have\n\\[ a+b =3D c. \\]"
+    (search-forward "b")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "We have $a+b =3D c$."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert $$..$$ to $..$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "$$x!$$"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x$!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-electric-math ()
+  "Respect `TeX-electric-math'."
+  (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+    (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+        "\\[ x \\]"
+      (search-forward "x")
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\(x\\)")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-equation-env ()
+  "Convert equation environment, drop \\label, keep comma."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Hi.\n\nWe have\n\\begin{equation}\n\\label{l}x+y,\n\\end{equation}\=
n"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math '("\\(" . "\\)")))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Hi.\n\nWe have \\(x+y\\),\n")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-noop ()
+  "Call inside inline math leaves buffer unchanged."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Already $z$ inline."
+    (search-forward "z")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Already $z$ inline."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-paren-to-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $...$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a + b\\) more text."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (let ((TeX-electric-math nil))
+      (LaTeX-make-inline)
+      (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text $a + b$ more text.")))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiline-equation ()
+  "Convert multiline equation environment to inline, removing labels."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Before\n\\begin{equation}\n  x + y =3D z\n  \\label{eq:test}\n\\end=
{equation}\nAfter"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Before $x + y =3D z$ After"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-punctuation-semicolon ()
+  "Move semicolon outside inline math."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ x + y; \\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x + y$;"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-multiple-punctuation ()
+  "Handle multiple punctuation marks."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ result?! \\]"
+    (search-forward "result")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$result$?!"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-whitespace-preservation ()
+  "Preserve surrounding whitespace appropriately."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text   \\[   a + b   \\]   more."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text   $a + b$   more."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-inline-empty-lines ()
+  "Remove empty lines from display math when converting."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n\n  x =3D y  \n\n\\]"
+    (search-forward "x")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "$x =3D y$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-dollar-to-bracket ()
+  "Convert $...$ to \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\]."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text $x + y$ more."
+    (search-forward "+")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n\\[\n  x + y\n\\]\nmore."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-paren-to-double-dollar ()
+  "Convert \\(...\\) to $$...$$."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "Text \\(a =3D b\\) end."
+    (search-forward "a")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "$$")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "Text\n$$\na =3D b\n$$\nend."))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-bracket-to-equation ()
+  "Convert \\=3D\\[...\\=3D\\] to equation environment."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[ f(x) =3D x^2 \\]"
+    (search-forward "f")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "equation")
+    (should (equal (buffer-string) "\\begin{equation}\n  f(x) =3D x^2\n\\e=
nd{equation}"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-after-content ()
+  "Point after inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\n[[:space:]]*\\\\\\]"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-inline-to-display-before-content ()
+  "Point before inline content preserved after display conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "A $x+y$ B"
+    (search-forward "$")
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (looking-at "x")
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-after-content ()
+  "Point after display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "y")
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-back "y" (1- (point))))
+    (should (looking-at "\\$"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-display-to-inline-before-content ()
+  "Point before display content preserved after inline conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "\\[\n  x + y\n\\]"
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (re-search-forward "x")
+    (forward-char -1)
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "x"))))
+
+(ert-deftest LaTeX-modify-math-point-multiline-roundtrip ()
+  "Point before/after content preserved for round-trip conversion."
+  (latex-modify-test--with-temp-buffer
+      "foo $x+y$ bar"
+    (search-forward "y")
+    (backward-char)
+    (LaTeX-modify-math "\\[")
+    (should (looking-at "y"))
+    (LaTeX-make-inline)
+    (should (looking-at "y"))))
+
+;;; latex-modify-math-test.el ends here
--=20
2.39.3 (Apple Git-145)


--=-=-=--

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Hi Paul,

>>>>> "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:
> I've updated the attached patch with docs (so I think it's now in good
> shape, but I always welcome feedback on my texinfo).

Thank you. Now I agree with your perspective. Please commit it into the
git repo and close the bug.

Regards,
Ikumi Keita
#StandWithUkraine #StopWarInUkraine
#Gaza #StopMassiveKilling #CeasefireNOW

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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
To: bug-auctex@HIDDEN
Subject: TeX-make-inline
Date: Sun, 25 May 2025 16:01:50 +0200
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Hi Arash and all,

We had discussed in an earlier thread (bug#78006) the possibility of
adding some of my editing commands to AUCTeX (as standalone commands,
without default binds).  We could start with this one, discussed a bit
in that thread:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
(defcustom TeX-make-inline-delims '("$" . "$")
  "Delimiters for `TeX-make-inline' to surround inline LaTeX math."
  :type '(radio (const :tag "Dollar ($...$)" ("$" . "$"))
                (const :tag "Paren (\\(...\\))" ("\\(" . "\\)"))
                (cons :tag "Custom delimiters"
                      (string :tag "Left") (string :tag "Right"))))

(defun TeX-make-inline ()
  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
surrounded by `TeX-make-inline-delims', fitting the result onto one
line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
  (interactive)
  (when (texmathp)
    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
      (preview-clearout-at-point))
    (save-excursion
      (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
             (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
             (delims TeX-make-inline-delims))
        (cond
         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
          (goto-char pos)
          (delete-char 2)
          (let ((start (point))
                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
            (search-forward end-delim)
            (delete-char -2)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims)))
         (t
          (goto-char pos)
          (kill-line)
          (let ((start (point)))
            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
            (beginning-of-line)
            (kill-line)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))

(defun TeX-make-inline--finalize-region (start end delims)
  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
  (save-restriction
    (narrow-to-region start end)
    (whitespace-cleanup)

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (let ((re
           (concat "\\(?:"
                   (mapconcat #'identity
                              (if (boundp 'reftex-label-regexps)
                                  reftex-label-regexps
                                '("\\\\label{[^}]*"))
                              "\\|")
                   "\\)")))
      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
        (replace-match "")))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
      (delete-line))
    (beginning-of-line-text)
    (delete-region (point-min) (point))

    (goto-char (point-max))
    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
                (progn (forward-line -1)
                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
      (delete-line))
    (end-of-line)
    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
    (delete-region (point) (point-max))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (insert (car delims))
    (goto-char (point-max))
    (insert "\n")
    (backward-char)

    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" 5)
      (backward-char))
    (insert (cdr delims))

    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
      (join-line))))
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

I haven't prepared this as a patch because I'm not sure where to put it
or where to document it.  I looked around, and couldn't find a natural
place.  If no better idea comes to mind, then perhaps some new
"miscellaneous commands" section of latex.el, with a corresponding
section in the manual?  For what it's worth, there are a couple of other
editing-related commands I'd be inclined to propose.

Any feedback welcome.

Thanks, best,

Paul



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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
To: Ikumi Keita <ikumi@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#78586: TeX-make-inline
In-Reply-To: <16979.1749493414@localhost> (message from Ikumi Keita on Tue,
 10 Jun 2025 03:23:34 +0900)
Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2025 21:01:59 +0200
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Thanks Ikumi, I pushed the change and hope this message closes it!

Paul


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Subject: bug#78586: closed (Re: bug#78586: TeX-make-inline)
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Your bug report

#78586: TeX-make-inline

which was filed against the auctex package, has been closed.

The explanation is attached below, along with your original report.
If you require more details, please reply to 78586 <at> debbugs.gnu.org.

--=20
78586: https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=3D78586
GNU Bug Tracking System
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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
To: Ikumi Keita <ikumi@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#78586: TeX-make-inline
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Thanks Ikumi, I pushed the change and hope this message closes it!

Paul


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From: "Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN>
To: bug-auctex@HIDDEN
Subject: TeX-make-inline
Date: Sun, 25 May 2025 16:01:50 +0200
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Hi Arash and all,

We had discussed in an earlier thread (bug#78006) the possibility of
adding some of my editing commands to AUCTeX (as standalone commands,
without default binds).  We could start with this one, discussed a bit
in that thread:

--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
(defcustom TeX-make-inline-delims '("$" . "$")
  "Delimiters for `TeX-make-inline' to surround inline LaTeX math."
  :type '(radio (const :tag "Dollar ($...$)" ("$" . "$"))
                (const :tag "Paren (\\(...\\))" ("\\(" . "\\)"))
                (cons :tag "Custom delimiters"
                      (string :tag "Left") (string :tag "Right"))))

(defun TeX-make-inline ()
  "Convert LaTeX display math environment at point to inline math.
Removes the enclosing math environment (such as \\[...\\] or
\\begin{equation}...\\end{equation}).  Replaces it with inline math
surrounded by `TeX-make-inline-delims', fitting the result onto one
line.  Leaves any trailing punctuation outside the math delimiters."
  (interactive)
  (when (texmathp)
    (when (fboundp 'preview-clearout-at-point)
      (preview-clearout-at-point))
    (save-excursion
      (let* ((env (car texmathp-why))
             (pos (cdr texmathp-why))
             (delims TeX-make-inline-delims))
        (cond
         ((member env '("\\(" "$")))
         ((member env '("\\[" "$$"))
          (goto-char pos)
          (delete-char 2)
          (let ((start (point))
                (end-delim (if (equal env "\\[") "\\]" "$$")))
            (search-forward end-delim)
            (delete-char -2)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims)))
         (t
          (goto-char pos)
          (kill-line)
          (let ((start (point)))
            (search-forward (concat "\\end{" env "}"))
            (beginning-of-line)
            (kill-line)
            (TeX-make-inline--finalize-region start (point) delims))))))))

(defun TeX-make-inline--finalize-region (start end delims)
  "Finalize the inline conversion from START to END using DELIMS."
  (save-restriction
    (narrow-to-region start end)
    (whitespace-cleanup)

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (let ((re
           (concat "\\(?:"
                   (mapconcat #'identity
                              (if (boundp 'reftex-label-regexps)
                                  reftex-label-regexps
                                '("\\\\label{[^}]*"))
                              "\\|")
                   "\\)")))
      (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
        (replace-match "")))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (while (looking-at "\\s-*$")
      (delete-line))
    (beginning-of-line-text)
    (delete-region (point-min) (point))

    (goto-char (point-max))
    (while (and (> (point) (point-min))
                (progn (forward-line -1)
                       (looking-at "\\s-*$")))
      (delete-line))
    (end-of-line)
    (skip-chars-backward " \t")
    (delete-region (point) (point-max))

    (goto-char (point-min))
    (insert (car delims))
    (goto-char (point-max))
    (insert "\n")
    (backward-char)

    (while (looking-back "[.,;:!?]" 5)
      (backward-char))
    (insert (cdr delims))

    (while (> (count-lines (point-min) (point-max)) 1)
      (join-line))))
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---

I haven't prepared this as a patch because I'm not sure where to put it
or where to document it.  I looked around, and couldn't find a natural
place.  If no better idea comes to mind, then perhaps some new
"miscellaneous commands" section of latex.el, with a corresponding
section in the manual?  For what it's worth, there are a couple of other
editing-related commands I'd be inclined to propose.

Any feedback welcome.

Thanks, best,

Paul



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"Paul D. Nelson" <ultrono@HIDDEN> writes:

> Thanks Ikumi, I pushed the change and hope this message closes it!

Thanks Paul.  I also added an entry about the new commands to NEWS.org.

Best, Arash

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