GNU bug report logs - #79852
Incomplete autoload: `ert-deftest` docstring highlighted as a mere string

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Message #5 received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca>
To: bug-gnu-emacs <at> gnu.org
Subject: Incomplete autoload: `ert-deftest` docstring highlighted as a mere
 string
Date: Mon, 17 Nov 2025 08:20:35 -0500

Package: Emacs
Version: 31.0.50


Upon Emacs startup `ert-deftest` does not have any `doc-string-elt` nor
`lisp-indent-function` properties any more, so indentation gets it wrong
and the docstring is highlighted as a mere string.
After loading `ert` the problem disappears.

This is a regression compared to Emacs-30.  I'm not sure why this
affects `ert-deftest` and not say `define-inline` or `pcase`.
Maybe it's because it's defined with `cl-defmacro`?

Here is what I see right after Emacs startup for those three autoloaded macros:

    ELISP> (symbol-plist 'ert-deftest)
    nil
    
    ELISP> (symbol-plist 'define-inline)
    (lisp-indent-function defun doc-string-elt 3 autoload-macro expand)
    
    ELISP> (symbol-plist 'pcase)
    (lisp-indent-function 1 function-documentation (pcase--make-docstring))
    
    ELISP> 


- Stefan


 In GNU Emacs 31.0.50 (build 2, i686-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.24.51,
 cairo version 1.18.4) of 2025-10-25 built on asado
Repository revision: de156dfd83760bab65119164b924d77b327d1bb7
Repository branch: work
Windowing system distributor 'The X.Org Foundation', version 11.0.12101016
System Description: Debian GNU/Linux forky/sid

Configured using:
 'configure -C --enable-checking --enable-check-lisp-object-type --with-modules --with-cairo --with-tiff=ifavailable
 'CFLAGS=-Wall -g3 -Og -Wno-pointer-sign'
 PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/home/monnier/lib/pkgconfig'

Configured features:
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LIBOTF LIBSELINUX LIBSYSTEMD LIBXML2 M17N_FLT MODULES NOTIFY INOTIFY
PDUMPER PNG RSVG SECCOMP SOUND SQLITE3 THREADS TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS
TREE_SITTER WEBP X11 XDBE XIM XINERAMA XINPUT2 XPM XRANDR GTK3 ZLIB

Important settings:
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Major mode: Summary

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Memory information:
((conses 16 9636413 1970867) (symbols 48 69915 569)
 (strings 32 292675 62058) (string-bytes 1 9954045) (vectors 16 140296)
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Message #8 received at 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: "J.D. Smith" <jdtsmith <at> gmail.com>
To: Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca>
Cc: 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#79852: Incomplete autoload: `ert-deftest` docstring
 highlighted as a mere string
Date: Mon, 17 Nov 2025 11:43:33 -0500

Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca> writes:

> Package: Emacs
> Version: 31.0.50
>
>
> Upon Emacs startup `ert-deftest` does not have any `doc-string-elt` nor
> `lisp-indent-function` properties any more, so indentation gets it wrong
> and the docstring is highlighted as a mere string.
> After loading `ert` the problem disappears.
>
> This is a regression compared to Emacs-30.  I'm not sure why this
> affects `ert-deftest` and not say `define-inline` or `pcase`.
> Maybe it's because it's defined with `cl-defmacro`?
>
> Here is what I see right after Emacs startup for those three autoloaded macros:
>
>     ELISP> (symbol-plist 'ert-deftest)
>     nil
>     
>     ELISP> (symbol-plist 'define-inline)
>     (lisp-indent-function defun doc-string-elt 3 autoload-macro expand)
>     
>     ELISP> (symbol-plist 'pcase)
>     (lisp-indent-function 1 function-documentation (pcase--make-docstring))
>     

Does your build not have the following in lisp/loaddefs.el?

 (function-put 'ert-deftest 'doc-string-elt 3)
 (function-put 'ert-deftest 'lisp-indent-function 2)

We added:

  (autoload-macro expand))   ; expand to defmacro on autoload gen

to cl-defmacro.  Do you have (function-get 'cl-defmacro 'autoload-macro)?

Message #11 received at 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca>
To: "J.D. Smith" <jdtsmith <at> gmail.com>
Cc: 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#79852: Incomplete autoload: `ert-deftest` docstring
 highlighted as a mere string
Date: Mon, 17 Nov 2025 13:31:39 -0500

> Does your build not have the following in lisp/loaddefs.el?
>
>  (function-put 'ert-deftest 'doc-string-elt 3)
>  (function-put 'ert-deftest 'lisp-indent-function 2)

Nope:

    % rm **/*loaddefs.el src/bootstrap-emacs src/emacs
    % make -j4
    [...]
    % grep ert-deftest lisp/loaddefs.el               
    (autoload 'ert-deftest "ert" "\
    the same arguments and keywords as `ert-deftest' and is intended to be
    same arguments and keywords as `ert-deftest' and is intended to be used
    %

Do you?

> We added:
>
>   (autoload-macro expand))   ; expand to defmacro on autoload gen
>
> to cl-defmacro.  Do you have (function-get 'cl-defmacro 'autoload-macro)?

Before loading `cl-lib` it's nil and after loading it, it's `expand`,
as expected.


        Stefan

Message #14 received at 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: "J.D. Smith" <jdtsmith <at> gmail.com>
To: Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca>
Cc: 79852 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#79852: Incomplete autoload: `ert-deftest` docstring
 highlighted as a mere string
Date: Tue, 18 Nov 2025 17:01:56 -0500

[Message part 1 (text/plain, inline)]

Stefan Monnier <monnier <at> iro.umontreal.ca> writes:

>> Does your build not have the following in lisp/loaddefs.el?
>>
>>  (function-put 'ert-deftest 'doc-string-elt 3)
>>  (function-put 'ert-deftest 'lisp-indent-function 2)
>
> Nope:
>
>     % rm **/*loaddefs.el src/bootstrap-emacs src/emacs
>     % make -j4
>     [...]
>     % grep ert-deftest lisp/loaddefs.el               
>     (autoload 'ert-deftest "ert" "\
>     the same arguments and keywords as `ert-deftest' and is intended to be
>     same arguments and keywords as `ert-deftest' and is intended to be used
>     %
>
> Do you?

FYI, I run the autoload-expand patch via v30.  Just gave it another try
and indeed, no sign of the `function-put's.

>> We added:
>>
>>   (autoload-macro expand))   ; expand to defmacro on autoload gen
>>
>> to cl-defmacro.  Do you have (function-get 'cl-defmacro 'autoload-macro)?
>
> Before loading `cl-lib` it's nil and after loading it, it's `expand`,
> as expected.

OK, that's the problem.  It would appear in path #78995 we never closed
the loop on what to do about `cl-macs' macros not yet being available
during bootstrap (because `cl-loaddefs.el' does not yet exist).  There I
said:

  > 3. Some macros' autoload treatment depend on whether they are defined at
  > autoload-generation time.
  > 
  > Such macros are both on the short-cut list /and/ request expansion.  So
  > they are expanded, but only if they are defined at the time autoload
  > generation occurs.  Most are, but some, e.g. cl-macs, are not.  So they
  > go through the "short-cut" instead.

and you said:

  > So, the general problem is: your patch will sometimes `eval-buffer` for
  > a buffer which doesn't expect to be evaluated before its package's
  > `FOO-loaddefs.el` has been created.   I suspect that in most cases this
  > can be fixed by replacing
  > 
  >     (require 'foo-loaddefs)
  > by
  >     (require 'foo-loaddefs nil t)
  > 
  > It's not ideal, but I think it's acceptable.  Maybe it won't always be
  > sufficient either.  E.g. in `cl-lib` we solved this problem (for
  > a different reason) with:
  > 
  >     (unless (load "cl-loaddefs" 'noerror 'quiet)
  >       ;; When bootstrapping, cl-loaddefs hasn't been built yet!
  >       (require 'cl-macs)
  >       (require 'cl-seq)

It appears there's a subtle version of this very issue which
`ert-defmacro' is dealing with.  There are two paths by which a macro
call (like `(cl-defmacro ert-deftest ...') can get turned into an
`autoload' statement:

1. By being expanded, because the macro requests it, all the way to a
   form which will be mapped to `autoload' (e.g. `defalias').

2. By taking the "shortcut" and getting transmuted directly into an
   `autoload'.

What happens for `ert-defmacro' is as follows (in
`loaddefs-generate--make-autoload'):

1. `cl-defmacro' is /not defined/ during bootstrap loaddefs generation.

2. `cl-defmacro' /is/ on the list `loaddefs--defining-macros', which
   tells our new code from 78995 not to bother loading the `ert.el' file
   to attempt to get `cl-defmacro' defined.  This /would/ have worked.

3. Naturally, being undefined, it also has no `autoload-macro' property
   value.  So we fall through to the next stanza.

4. In the `cond' stanza below that, we handle the "known special macros"
   (including `cl-defmacro') by direct conversion to an `autoload' form.
   Since we are never expanding `defmacro', the `declare' forms don't
   enter.

We /could/ simply load `cl-macs' (as in the attached).  But I guess
instead we should ask ourselves which of `loaddefs--defining-macros'
are:

a) not likely to be defined during bootstrap, and
b) would benefit from real macro expansion (vs. shortcut transmutation).

Then we can take these off the list, so they can be loaded "on demand"?

Current list:

  (defconst loaddefs--defining-macros
    '(define-skeleton define-derived-mode
       define-compilation-mode define-generic-mode
       easy-mmode-define-global-mode define-global-minor-mode
       define-globalized-minor-mode
       easy-mmode-define-minor-mode define-minor-mode
       cl-defun defun* cl-defmacro defmacro*
       define-overloadable-function
       transient-define-prefix transient-define-suffix
       transient-define-infix transient-define-argument))

Thoughts?

[0001-lisp-emacs-lisp-loaddefs-gen.el-loaddefs-generate-em.patch (text/x-patch, attachment)]

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