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Subject: bug#79862: Please add option to control where treesit installs grammars
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Hello,

Please add a custom option to customize where treesit installs grammars
by default.  Currently this is hard-coded in `treesit--build-grammar'
and `treesit-install-language-grammar'.  Interactively the user can
choose to use a different directory, which is inconvenient because they
have to do it every time, but non-interactively the user does not have
any say, the default location is always used.

     Thanks!
     Jonas

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From: help-debbugs@HIDDEN (GNU bug Tracking System)
To: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>
Subject: bug#79862: Acknowledgement (Please add option to control where
 treesit installs grammars)
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Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#79862: Please add option to control where treesit installs grammars
Resent-From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
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From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
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> Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 19:29:06 +0100
> From:  Jonas Bernoulli via "Bug reports for GNU Emacs,
>  the Swiss army knife of text editors" <bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN>
> 
> Please add a custom option to customize where treesit installs grammars
> by default.  Currently this is hard-coded in `treesit--build-grammar'
> and `treesit-install-language-grammar'.  Interactively the user can
> choose to use a different directory, which is inconvenient because they
> have to do it every time, but non-interactively the user does not have
> any say, the default location is always used.

The current code indeed uses a hard-coded directory, but treesit.c
looks in the same directory for grammar libraries.  Adding a defcustom
for where to copy the compiled grammar would then require users to
customize treesit-extra-load-path to include that directory, which
will most probably make the confusing and complex setup (as witnessed
by the number of questions users ask here and on Reddit) even more
complex.  Is that really a good idea?

If you have real-life use cases where this seems to be a solution,
please describe those use cases.  Your rationale above says nothing
about that, it just assumes that users will want to control that for
some unexplained reasons.  So it's hard to consider the pros and cons
based on that.

Thanks.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

Subject: bug#79862: Please add option to control where treesit installs grammars
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To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
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From: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:

>> Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 19:29:06 +0100
>> From:  Jonas Bernoulli via "Bug reports for GNU Emacs,
>>  the Swiss army knife of text editors" <bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN>
>> 
>> Please add a custom option to customize where treesit installs grammars
>> by default.  Currently this is hard-coded in `treesit--build-grammar'
>> and `treesit-install-language-grammar'.  Interactively the user can
>> choose to use a different directory, which is inconvenient because they
>> have to do it every time, but non-interactively the user does not have
>> any say, the default location is always used.
>
> The current code indeed uses a hard-coded directory, but treesit.c
> looks in the same directory for grammar libraries.  Adding a defcustom
> for where to copy the compiled grammar would then require users to
> customize treesit-extra-load-path to include that directory, which
> will most probably make the confusing and complex setup (as witnessed
> by the number of questions users ask here and on Reddit) even more
> complex.  Is that really a good idea?

I did not know it was this complicated.

> If you have real-life use cases where this seems to be a solution,
> please describe those use cases.  Your rationale above says nothing
> about that, it just assumes that users will want to control that for
> some unexplained reasons.  So it's hard to consider the pros and cons
> based on that.

My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
"~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".

I have now set `treesit-extra-load-path' and moved the module there.
Then I visited another Dockerfile and "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/"
was not re-created, hurrah.  That's workable; I can just move the
modules as they appear, and then delete the directory again.

I would still prefer if no modules were created in a place where I do
not want them to appear (and there will be others like me), but that's
one pro, and I'll let you weight that against the cons.

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> From: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>
> Cc: 79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, casouri@HIDDEN
> Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 22:56:00 +0100
> 
> Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:
> 
> > The current code indeed uses a hard-coded directory, but treesit.c
> > looks in the same directory for grammar libraries.  Adding a defcustom
> > for where to copy the compiled grammar would then require users to
> > customize treesit-extra-load-path to include that directory, which
> > will most probably make the confusing and complex setup (as witnessed
> > by the number of questions users ask here and on Reddit) even more
> > complex.  Is that really a good idea?
> 
> I did not know it was this complicated.

Emacs looks for grammar libraries in the directories mentioned in
treesit-extra-load-path, then in tree-sitter subdirectory of
user-emacs-directory, then where the system stores shared libraries.
We could perhaps modify treesit--build-grammar to put the compiled
library in the first writable directory that is a member of
treesit-extra-load-path, if that is non-nil, and only if none found,
put the library under user-emacs-directory.  And maybe provide a user
option to choose whether to look in treesit-extra-load-path.  Would
that be better?

> > If you have real-life use cases where this seems to be a solution,
> > please describe those use cases.  Your rationale above says nothing
> > about that, it just assumes that users will want to control that for
> > some unexplained reasons.  So it's hard to consider the pros and cons
> > based on that.
> 
> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
> 
> I have now set `treesit-extra-load-path' and moved the module there.
> Then I visited another Dockerfile and "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/"
> was not re-created, hurrah.  That's workable; I can just move the
> modules as they appear, and then delete the directory again.
> 
> I would still prefer if no modules were created in a place where I do
> not want them to appear (and there will be others like me), but that's
> one pro, and I'll let you weight that against the cons.

If the above-mentioned change will make the situation better, we could
make such an improvement, I think.

Yuan, any other ideas?

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> On Nov 19, 2025, at 10:14=E2=80=AFPM, Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> =
wrote:
>=20
>> From: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>
>> Cc: 79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, casouri@HIDDEN
>> Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 22:56:00 +0100
>>=20
>> Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:
>>=20
>>> The current code indeed uses a hard-coded directory, but treesit.c
>>> looks in the same directory for grammar libraries.  Adding a =
defcustom
>>> for where to copy the compiled grammar would then require users to
>>> customize treesit-extra-load-path to include that directory, which
>>> will most probably make the confusing and complex setup (as =
witnessed
>>> by the number of questions users ask here and on Reddit) even more
>>> complex.  Is that really a good idea?
>>=20
>> I did not know it was this complicated.
>=20
> Emacs looks for grammar libraries in the directories mentioned in
> treesit-extra-load-path, then in tree-sitter subdirectory of
> user-emacs-directory, then where the system stores shared libraries.
> We could perhaps modify treesit--build-grammar to put the compiled
> library in the first writable directory that is a member of
> treesit-extra-load-path, if that is non-nil, and only if none found,
> put the library under user-emacs-directory.  And maybe provide a user
> option to choose whether to look in treesit-extra-load-path.  Would
> that be better?
>=20
>>> If you have real-life use cases where this seems to be a solution,
>>> please describe those use cases.  Your rationale above says nothing
>>> about that, it just assumes that users will want to control that for
>>> some unexplained reasons.  So it's hard to consider the pros and =
cons
>>> based on that.
>>=20
>> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
>> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
>> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered =
the
>> creation of =
"~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
>>=20
>> I have now set `treesit-extra-load-path' and moved the module there.
>> Then I visited another Dockerfile and "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/"
>> was not re-created, hurrah.  That's workable; I can just move the
>> modules as they appear, and then delete the directory again.
>>=20
>> I would still prefer if no modules were created in a place where I do
>> not want them to appear (and there will be others like me), but =
that's
>> one pro, and I'll let you weight that against the cons.
>=20
> If the above-mentioned change will make the situation better, we could
> make such an improvement, I think.
>=20
> Yuan, any other ideas?

Instead of trying to guess it, we can prompt the user on where to put =
the downloaded grammar. (=E2=80=9CShould we install the grammar to xxx? =
Yes/no, and if no, prompt for a directory, and somehow remember that =
choice and also customize treesit-extra-load-path.) Right now we prompt =
for a yes/no answer on whether to auto-download and compile the grammar. =
I can do it but I won=E2=80=99t be able to get to it right now, kinda =
busy IRL, sorry about that :(

Yuan=

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> Instead of trying to guess it, we can prompt the user on where to put the
> downloaded grammar. (“Should we install the grammar to xxx? Yes/no, and if
> no, prompt for a directory, and somehow remember that choice and also
> customize treesit-extra-load-path.) Right now we prompt for a yes/no answer
> on whether to auto-download and compile the grammar. I can do it but
> I won’t be able to get to it right now, kinda busy IRL, sorry about that :(

In most cases the users want to install the grammar to the default directory.
Making the prompt much longer and asking extra questions would put burden
on many users unnecessarily.

For rare cases enabling customization of the installation directory
looks like a solid middle ground.

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> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
> Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 22:42:22 -0800
> Cc: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org,
>  Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>
> 
> Instead of trying to guess it, we can prompt the user on where to put the downloaded grammar. (“Should we install the grammar to xxx? Yes/no, and if no, prompt for a directory, and somehow remember that choice and also customize treesit-extra-load-path.) Right now we prompt for a yes/no answer on whether to auto-download and compile the grammar. I can do it but I won’t be able to get to it right now, kinda busy IRL, sorry about that :(

I doubt that asking the user is a good idea in this case.  Users are
not expected to know where treesit.c looks for grammar libraries, so
they are likely to become confused and specify a directory that is not
a good candidate for inclusion in treesit-extra-load-path.  And
modifying the user init files might be a problem on its own, at the
very least not expected by the user.

Why do you think that putting the library in an existing directory
already in treesit-extra-load-path, with tree-sitter subdirectory of
user-emacs-directory as fallback, means "guessing"?  We are using
existing directories configured by the user, and that is IMO a very
good hint as to where we should put it, no?

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On 19/11/2025 23:56, Jonas Bernoulli via Bug reports for GNU Emacs, the 
Swiss army knife of text editors wrote:
> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".

Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

>> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
>> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
>> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
>> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
>
> Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?

We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-diff
Content-Disposition: inline; filename=treesit-ensure-installed-ask-dir.patch

diff --git a/lisp/treesit.el b/lisp/treesit.el
index e365fc218dd..0ce1f8f43f8 100644
--- a/lisp/treesit.el
+++ b/lisp/treesit.el
@@ -5470,7 +5470,9 @@ treesit-auto-install-grammar
                  (const :tag "Always automatically install grammar libraries"
                         always)
                  (const :tag "Ask whether to install missing grammar libraries"
-                        ask))
+                        ask)
+                 (const :tag "Ask where to install missing grammar libraries"
+                        ask-dir))
   :version "31.1")
 
 (defun treesit-ensure-installed (lang)
@@ -5479,14 +5481,28 @@ treesit-ensure-installed
 the grammar library if it's unavailable."
   (when (treesit-available-p)
     (or (treesit-ready-p lang t)
-        (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
-                  (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask)
-                       (y-or-n-p (format "\
-Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?"
-                                         lang))))
-          (treesit-install-language-grammar lang)
-          ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
-          (treesit-ready-p lang)))))
+        (let (out-dir)
+          (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
+                    (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask)
+                         (y-or-n-p (format "\
+Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?" lang)))
+                    (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask-dir)
+                         (y-or-n-p (format "\
+Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?" lang))
+                         (let ((default-out-dir
+                                (or (car treesit--install-language-grammar-out-dir-history)
+                                    (locate-user-emacs-file "tree-sitter"))))
+                           (setq out-dir (read-directory-name
+                                          (format-prompt "\
+Install tree-sitter grammar for `%s' to: " nil lang)
+                                          default-out-dir default-out-dir t))
+                           (add-to-history
+                            'treesit--install-language-grammar-out-dir-history
+                            out-dir)
+                           out-dir)))
+            (treesit-install-language-grammar lang out-dir)
+            ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
+            (treesit-ready-p lang))))))
 
 ;;; Treesit enabled modes
 

--=-=-=--

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> From: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>
> Cc: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,  Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
>   casouri@HIDDEN,  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 09:18:20 +0200
> 
> >> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
> >> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
> >> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
> >> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
> >
> > Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?
> 
> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:

How do we ensure that Emacs will find the library in an arbitrary
directory?

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>> >> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
>> >> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
>> >> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
>> >> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
>> >
>> > Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?
>> 
>> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
>> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:
>
> How do we ensure that Emacs will find the library in an arbitrary
> directory?

The selected directory will be added to 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
I intended to do this in a separate patch, but this could be added
in the same patch after 'add-to-history':

  (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path out-dir)

Ok, I will test if this really works in various scenarios.

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> From: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>
> Cc: dmitry@HIDDEN,  jonas@HIDDEN,  casouri@HIDDEN,
>   79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 09:57:50 +0200
> 
> >> >> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
> >> >> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
> >> >> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
> >> >> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
> >> >
> >> > Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?
> >> 
> >> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
> >> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:
> >
> > How do we ensure that Emacs will find the library in an arbitrary
> > directory?
> 
> The selected directory will be added to 'treesit-extra-load-path'.

This means rewriting the user's init file, right?  Is this expected by
users?

> I intended to do this in a separate patch, but this could be added
> in the same patch after 'add-to-history':
> 
>   (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path out-dir)

This will only do for the same session, not for future sessions.

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> On Nov 21, 2025, at 4:17=E2=80=AFAM, Dmitry Gutov <dmitry@HIDDEN> =
wrote:
>=20
> On 21/11/2025 09:18, Juri Linkov wrote:
>> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
>> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:
>=20
> If Jonas just wants to avoid treesit, the question of where to install =
grammars could still be a distraction.

I think the idea is to control where treesit-auto-install-grammar =
installs grammars to, not just avoid tree-sitter. If someone wants to =
disable auto-install, they just set treesit-auto-install-grammar. I do =
agree that my proposal might be distracting. So perhaps a variable to =
control where to install the grammar is needed.

I don=E2=80=99t think we should guess from treesit-extra-load-path. =
That=E2=80=99s not the purpose of treesit-extra-load-path. For me, =
extra-load-path is a lower level concept.

How about this: we don=E2=80=99t ask user for where to install the =
grammar interactively. Those who want to use their own place needs to =
set a variable themselves. In the doctoring of that variable, we make it =
clear that the user needs to add the directory to =
treesit-extra-load-path as well.

Yuan=

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 Content preview:  On 21/11/2025 09:18, Juri Linkov wrote: > We could add a new
 choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' > that will ask where to install
 the grammar like Yuan proposed: If Jonas just wants to avoid treesit, the
 question of where to install grammars could still be a distraction. 
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On 21/11/2025 09:18, Juri Linkov wrote:
> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:

If Jonas just wants to avoid treesit, the question of where to install 
grammars could still be a distraction.

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> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 18:07:54 -0800
> Cc: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>,
>  Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
>  Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> I don’t think we should guess from treesit-extra-load-path. That’s not the purpose of treesit-extra-load-path. For me, extra-load-path is a lower level concept.

Can you explain why you think extra-load-path is a lower-level
concept?  To me, this sounds like a first-class user-level feature
intended to allow storing the grammar libraries in a place that is
neither a fixed subdirectory of user-emacs-directory nor the
system-wide directory where shared libraries are kept (which might not
be writable by the user).

> How about this: we don’t ask user for where to install the grammar interactively. Those who want to use their own place needs to set a variable themselves. In the doctoring of that variable, we make it clear that the user needs to add the directory to treesit-extra-load-path as well.

That could also work, but since it relies on users reading the doc
string and following its advice, it is IMO less desirable than my
suggestion to use treesit-extra-load-path as guidance, because in that
case this stuff will "just work".

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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:

>> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
>> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 18:07:54 -0800
>> Cc: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>,
>>  Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
>>  Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
>>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
>>=20
>> I don=E2=80=99t think we should guess from treesit-extra-load-path. That=
=E2=80=99s not the purpose of treesit-extra-load-path. For me, extra-load-p=
ath is a lower level concept.
>
> Can you explain why you think extra-load-path is a lower-level
> concept?  To me, this sounds like a first-class user-level feature
> intended to allow storing the grammar libraries in a place that is
> neither a fixed subdirectory of user-emacs-directory nor the
> system-wide directory where shared libraries are kept (which might not
> be writable by the user).
>
>> How about this: we don=E2=80=99t ask user for where to install the gramm=
ar interactively. Those who want to use their own place needs to set a vari=
able themselves. In the doctoring of that variable, we make it clear that t=
he user needs to add the directory to treesit-extra-load-path as well.
>
> That could also work, but since it relies on users reading the doc
> string and following its advice, it is IMO less desirable than my
> suggestion to use treesit-extra-load-path as guidance, because in that
> case this stuff will "just work".

Just a slightly educated guess, but I think treesit-extra-load-path,
until now, was mainly intended for distribution package managers and
such.  So we cannot assume that the user wants to install in one of
these directories (which?), they most likely would not have the
permissions necessary to do that.

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> From: Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>
> Cc: dmitry@HIDDEN, juri@HIDDEN, 79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Sun, 23 Nov 2025 02:29:37 +0100
> 
> Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:
> 
> >> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
> >> Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 18:07:54 -0800
> >> Cc: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>,
> >>  Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
> >>  Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
> >>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> >> 
> >> I don’t think we should guess from treesit-extra-load-path. That’s not the purpose of treesit-extra-load-path. For me, extra-load-path is a lower level concept.
> >
> > Can you explain why you think extra-load-path is a lower-level
> > concept?  To me, this sounds like a first-class user-level feature
> > intended to allow storing the grammar libraries in a place that is
> > neither a fixed subdirectory of user-emacs-directory nor the
> > system-wide directory where shared libraries are kept (which might not
> > be writable by the user).
> >
> >> How about this: we don’t ask user for where to install the grammar interactively. Those who want to use their own place needs to set a variable themselves. In the doctoring of that variable, we make it clear that the user needs to add the directory to treesit-extra-load-path as well.
> >
> > That could also work, but since it relies on users reading the doc
> > string and following its advice, it is IMO less desirable than my
> > suggestion to use treesit-extra-load-path as guidance, because in that
> > case this stuff will "just work".
> 
> Just a slightly educated guess, but I think treesit-extra-load-path,
> until now, was mainly intended for distribution package managers and
> such.  So we cannot assume that the user wants to install in one of
> these directories (which?), they most likely would not have the
> permissions necessary to do that.

Under my suggestion, Emacs will pick up the first _writable_ directory
in treesit-extra-load-path.  If none of them are writable by the user,
the grammar library will end up under user-emacs-directory, as it is
today.

The advantage is that no additional customization by the user is
needed.

But if you-all still prefer a separate directory and a prompt, I won't
argue anymore.

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>> >> >> My use-case is that I do not actually use treesit and thus do not
>> >> >> want there to be a "tree-sitter" directory sitting in my well curated
>> >> >> "~/.config/emacs".  But I looked at a Dockerfile and that triggered the
>> >> >> creation of "~/.config/emacs/tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-dockerfile.so".
>> >> >
>> >> > Perhaps you'll want to customize 'treesit-auto-install-grammar' to 'never'?
>> >> 
>> >> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
>> >> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:
>> >
>> > How do we ensure that Emacs will find the library in an arbitrary
>> > directory?
>> 
>> The selected directory will be added to 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
>
> This means rewriting the user's init file, right?  Is this expected by
> users?

Automatically rewriting the user's init file is not the right thing to do.

>> I intended to do this in a separate patch, but this could be added
>> in the same patch after 'add-to-history':
>> 
>>   (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path out-dir)
>
> This will only do for the same session, not for future sessions.

Yes, only for the same session.  For future sessions users still
need to add (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
to the init file manually.

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

> Under my suggestion, Emacs will pick up the first _writable_ directory
> in treesit-extra-load-path.  If none of them are writable by the user,
> the grammar library will end up under user-emacs-directory, as it is
> today.
>
> The advantage is that no additional customization by the user is
> needed.
>
> But if you-all still prefer a separate directory and a prompt, I won't
> argue anymore.

Here is the patch that picks up the first writable directory.

But I still think that a separate option would be much better
because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
(add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/x-diff
Content-Disposition: inline; filename=treesit-ensure-installed-out-dir.patch

diff --git a/src/treesit.c b/src/treesit.c
index 3230d0a50a1..d3b6f36ec81 100644
--- a/src/treesit.c
+++ b/src/treesit.c
@@ -5273,7 +5273,9 @@ syms_of_treesit (void)
 When trying to load a tree-sitter language definition,
 Emacs first looks in the directories mentioned in this variable,
 then in the `tree-sitter' subdirectory of `user-emacs-directory', and
-then in the system default locations for dynamic libraries, in that order.  */);
+then in the system default locations for dynamic libraries, in that order.
+The first writeable directory in the list is special: it's used as the
+default directory when automatically installing the language grammar.  */);
   Vtreesit_extra_load_path = Qnil;
 
   DEFVAR_LISP ("treesit-thing-settings",
diff --git a/lisp/treesit.el b/lisp/treesit.el
index e365fc218dd..b5cb01d03d3 100644
--- a/lisp/treesit.el
+++ b/lisp/treesit.el
@@ -5461,8 +5461,12 @@ treesit-auto-install-grammar
   "Whether to install tree-sitter language grammar libraries when needed.
 This controls whether Emacs will install missing grammar libraries
 when they are needed by some tree-sitter based mode.
-If `ask', ask for confirmation before installing the required grammar library.
 If `always', install the grammar library without asking.
+If `ask', ask for confirmation before installing the required grammar library.
+If `ask-dir', ask for confirmation and also for a directory name where
+to install the grammar library.  The directory name is also asked when
+the value is `ask' and `treesit-extra-load-path' is customized to a list
+of directories.
 If nil or `never' or anything else, don't install the grammar library
 even while visiting a file in the mode that requires such grammar; this
 might display a warning and/or fail to turn on the mode."
@@ -5470,7 +5474,9 @@ treesit-auto-install-grammar
                  (const :tag "Always automatically install grammar libraries"
                         always)
                  (const :tag "Ask whether to install missing grammar libraries"
-                        ask))
+                        ask)
+                 (const :tag "Ask where to install missing grammar libraries"
+                        ask-dir))
   :version "31.1")
 
 (defun treesit-ensure-installed (lang)
@@ -5479,14 +5485,28 @@ treesit-ensure-installed
 the grammar library if it's unavailable."
   (when (treesit-available-p)
     (or (treesit-ready-p lang t)
-        (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
-                  (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask)
-                       (y-or-n-p (format "\
-Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?"
-                                         lang))))
-          (treesit-install-language-grammar lang)
-          ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
-          (treesit-ready-p lang)))))
+        (let (out-dir)
+          (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
+                    (and (memq treesit-auto-install-grammar '(ask ask-dir))
+                         (y-or-n-p (format "\
+Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?" lang))
+                         (or (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask)
+                                  ;; Still ask dir for customized path
+                                  (null treesit-extra-load-path))
+                             (let ((default-out-dir
+                                    (or (seq-find #'file-writable-p
+                                                  treesit-extra-load-path)
+                                        (locate-user-emacs-file "tree-sitter"))))
+                               (setq out-dir (read-directory-name
+                                              (format-prompt "\
+Install grammar for `%s' to" nil lang)
+                                              default-out-dir
+                                              treesit-extra-load-path t))
+                               (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path out-dir)
+                               t))))
+            (treesit-install-language-grammar lang out-dir)
+            ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
+            (treesit-ready-p lang))))))
 
 ;;; Treesit enabled modes
 

--=-=-=--

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> On Nov 22, 2025, at 11:43=E2=80=AFPM, Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> =
wrote:
>=20
>> Under my suggestion, Emacs will pick up the first _writable_ =
directory
>> in treesit-extra-load-path.  If none of them are writable by the =
user,
>> the grammar library will end up under user-emacs-directory, as it is
>> today.
>>=20
>> The advantage is that no additional customization by the user is
>> needed.
>>=20
>> But if you-all still prefer a separate directory and a prompt, I =
won't
>> argue anymore.
>=20
> Here is the patch that picks up the first writable directory.
>=20
> But I still think that a separate option would be much better
> because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
> (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
>=20
> diff --git a/src/treesit.c b/src/treesit.c
> index 3230d0a50a1..d3b6f36ec81 100644
> --- a/src/treesit.c
> +++ b/src/treesit.c
> @@ -5273,7 +5273,9 @@ syms_of_treesit (void)
> When trying to load a tree-sitter language definition,
> Emacs first looks in the directories mentioned in this variable,
> then in the `tree-sitter' subdirectory of `user-emacs-directory', and
> -then in the system default locations for dynamic libraries, in that =
order.  */);
> +then in the system default locations for dynamic libraries, in that =
order.
> +The first writeable directory in the list is special: it's used as =
the
> +default directory when automatically installing the language grammar. =
 */);
>   Vtreesit_extra_load_path =3D Qnil;
>=20
>   DEFVAR_LISP ("treesit-thing-settings",
> diff --git a/lisp/treesit.el b/lisp/treesit.el
> index e365fc218dd..b5cb01d03d3 100644
> --- a/lisp/treesit.el
> +++ b/lisp/treesit.el
> @@ -5461,8 +5461,12 @@ treesit-auto-install-grammar
>   "Whether to install tree-sitter language grammar libraries when =
needed.
> This controls whether Emacs will install missing grammar libraries
> when they are needed by some tree-sitter based mode.
> -If `ask', ask for confirmation before installing the required grammar =
library.
> If `always', install the grammar library without asking.
> +If `ask', ask for confirmation before installing the required grammar =
library.
> +If `ask-dir', ask for confirmation and also for a directory name =
where
> +to install the grammar library.  The directory name is also asked =
when
> +the value is `ask' and `treesit-extra-load-path' is customized to a =
list
> +of directories.
> If nil or `never' or anything else, don't install the grammar library
> even while visiting a file in the mode that requires such grammar; =
this
> might display a warning and/or fail to turn on the mode."
> @@ -5470,7 +5474,9 @@ treesit-auto-install-grammar
>                  (const :tag "Always automatically install grammar =
libraries"
>                         always)
>                  (const :tag "Ask whether to install missing grammar =
libraries"
> -                        ask))
> +                        ask)
> +                 (const :tag "Ask where to install missing grammar =
libraries"
> +                        ask-dir))
>   :version "31.1")
>=20
> (defun treesit-ensure-installed (lang)
> @@ -5479,14 +5485,28 @@ treesit-ensure-installed
> the grammar library if it's unavailable."
>   (when (treesit-available-p)
>     (or (treesit-ready-p lang t)
> -        (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
> -                  (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'ask)
> -                       (y-or-n-p (format "\
> -Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?"
> -                                         lang))))
> -          (treesit-install-language-grammar lang)
> -          ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
> -          (treesit-ready-p lang)))))
> +        (let (out-dir)
> +          (when (or (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar 'always)
> +                    (and (memq treesit-auto-install-grammar '(ask =
ask-dir))
> +                         (y-or-n-p (format "\
> +Tree-sitter grammar for `%s' is missing; install it?" lang))
> +                         (or (and (eq treesit-auto-install-grammar =
'ask)
> +                                  ;; Still ask dir for customized =
path
> +                                  (null treesit-extra-load-path))
> +                             (let ((default-out-dir
> +                                    (or (seq-find #'file-writable-p
> +                                                  =
treesit-extra-load-path)
> +                                        (locate-user-emacs-file =
"tree-sitter"))))
> +                               (setq out-dir (read-directory-name
> +                                              (format-prompt "\
> +Install grammar for `%s' to" nil lang)
> +                                              default-out-dir
> +                                              treesit-extra-load-path =
t))
> +                               (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path =
out-dir)
> +                               t))))
> +            (treesit-install-language-grammar lang out-dir)
> +            ;; Check that the grammar was installed successfully
> +            (treesit-ready-p lang))))))
>=20
> ;;; Treesit enabled modes

LGTM. But if user picks a path not in the extra-load-path, next time =
they start Emacs, will they be shown the same prompt to install grammar? =
(Since we don=E2=80=99t add the path to extra-load-path for them.) For =
this case, can we show an extra prompt to save the path to =
extra-load-path with custom if user agrees?

Yuan

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>> But I still think that a separate option would be much better
>> because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
>> (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
>
> LGTM. But if user picks a path not in the extra-load-path, next time they
> start Emacs, will they be shown the same prompt to install grammar? (Since
> we don’t add the path to extra-load-path for them.) For this case, can we
> show an extra prompt to save the path to extra-load-path with custom if
> user agrees?

Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
we can't save it automatically to user's init files
(saving even user options automatically is too nasty).

So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-installed'.

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> On Nov 24, 2025, at 9:25=E2=80=AFAM, Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> =
wrote:
>=20
>>> But I still think that a separate option would be much better
>>> because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
>>> (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
>>=20
>> LGTM. But if user picks a path not in the extra-load-path, next time =
they
>> start Emacs, will they be shown the same prompt to install grammar? =
(Since
>> we don=E2=80=99t add the path to extra-load-path for them.) For this =
case, can we
>> show an extra prompt to save the path to extra-load-path with custom =
if
>> user agrees?
>=20
> Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
> we can't save it automatically to user's init files
> (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
>=20
> So let's add a new user option e.g. =
'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
> and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of =
'treesit-extra-load-path'.
> Also it will be used as the default location by =
'treesit-ensure-installed=E2=80=99.

We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in treesit.el. =
Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that=E2=80=99s a valid thing to do?

Yuan=

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> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
> Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:07:01 -0800
> Cc: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
>  Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
>  dmitry@HIDDEN,
>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> 
> 
> > On Nov 24, 2025, at 9:25 AM, Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> wrote:
> > 
> >>> But I still think that a separate option would be much better
> >>> because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
> >>> (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
> >> 
> >> LGTM. But if user picks a path not in the extra-load-path, next time they
> >> start Emacs, will they be shown the same prompt to install grammar? (Since
> >> we don’t add the path to extra-load-path for them.) For this case, can we
> >> show an extra prompt to save the path to extra-load-path with custom if
> >> user agrees?
> > 
> > Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
> > we can't save it automatically to user's init files
> > (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
> > 
> > So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
> > and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
> > Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-installed’.
> 
> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that’s a valid thing to do?

No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.

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> From: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>
> Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 20:07:01 -0800
> Cc: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>,
>  Jonas Bernoulli <jonas@HIDDEN>,
>  dmitry@HIDDEN,
>  79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> 
> 
> 
> > On Nov 24, 2025, at 9:25 AM, Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> wrote:
> > 
> >>> But I still think that a separate option would be much better
> >>> because it doesn't require adding manually to the init file:
> >>> (add-to-list 'treesit-extra-load-path "/out-dir")
> >> 
> >> LGTM. But if user picks a path not in the extra-load-path, next time they
> >> start Emacs, will they be shown the same prompt to install grammar? (Since
> >> we don’t add the path to extra-load-path for them.) For this case, can we
> >> show an extra prompt to save the path to extra-load-path with custom if
> >> user agrees?
> > 
> > Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
> > we can't save it automatically to user's init files
> > (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
> > 
> > So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
> > and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
> > Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-installed’.
> 
> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that’s a valid thing to do?

No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.

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Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN> writes:

>> On Nov 21, 2025, at 4:17=E2=80=AFAM, Dmitry Gutov <dmitry@HIDDEN> wro=
te:
>>=20
>> On 21/11/2025 09:18, Juri Linkov wrote:
>>> We could add a new choice to 'treesit-auto-install-grammar'
>>> that will ask where to install the grammar like Yuan proposed:
>>=20
>> If Jonas just wants to avoid treesit, the question of where to
>> install grammars could still be a distraction.
>
> I think the idea is to control where treesit-auto-install-grammar
> installs grammars to, not just avoid tree-sitter. If someone wants to
> disable auto-install, they just set treesit-auto-install-grammar. I do
> agree that my proposal might be distracting. So perhaps a variable to
> control where to install the grammar is needed.

Yes, I don't mind tree-sitter at all.  It's just that don't usually work
with languages that have tree-sitter grammers.  If tree-sitter makes
Docker files better great, then I would like to use that.  I also do not
mind that a grammar is installed automatically.  I was only bothered by
it showing up in a place I would like to avoid.

> I don=E2=80=99t think we should guess from treesit-extra-load-path. That=
=E2=80=99s not
> the purpose of treesit-extra-load-path. For me, extra-load-path is a
> lower level concept.
>
> How about this: we don=E2=80=99t ask user for where to install the grammar
> interactively. Those who want to use their own place needs to set a
> variable themselves. In the doctoring of that variable, we make it
> clear that the user needs to add the directory to
> treesit-extra-load-path as well.

That would work for me.

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>> > Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
>> > we can't save it automatically to user's init files
>> > (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
>> > 
>> > So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
>> > and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
>> > Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-installed’.
>> 
>> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in
>> treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that’s a valid thing
>> to do?
>
> No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.

Ok, let's make the variable customizable (not sure about
adding the version since the variable is old):

diff --git a/lisp/cus-start.el b/lisp/cus-start.el
index 19ac478e21a..b59decbc1a9 100644
--- a/lisp/cus-start.el
+++ b/lisp/cus-start.el
@@ -621,6 +621,9 @@ minibuffer-prompt-properties--setter
                (const :tag "Default" nil)
                (const :tag "Silent" ignore)
                function))
+             ;; treesit.c
+             (treesit-extra-load-path
+              treesit (repeat (directory :format "%v")))
 	     ;; undo.c
 	     (undo-limit undo integer "27.1")
 	     (undo-strong-limit undo integer "27.1")

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> On Nov 27, 2025, at 10:10=E2=80=AFAM, Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> =
wrote:
>=20
>>>> Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
>>>> we can't save it automatically to user's init files
>>>> (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
>>>>=20
>>>> So let's add a new user option e.g. =
'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
>>>> and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of =
'treesit-extra-load-path'.
>>>> Also it will be used as the default location by =
'treesit-ensure-installed=E2=80=99.
>>>=20
>>> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in
>>> treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that=E2=80=99s a =
valid thing
>>> to do?
>>=20
>> No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.
>=20
> Ok, let's make the variable customizable (not sure about
> adding the version since the variable is old):

Agree!

Yuan=

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>>>>> Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
>>>>> we can't save it automatically to user's init files
>>>>> (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
>>>>> 
>>>>> So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directory',
>>>>> and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-load-path'.
>>>>> Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-installed’.
>>>> 
>>>> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in
>>>> treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that’s a valid thing
>>>> to do?
>>> 
>>> No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.
>> 
>> Ok, let's make the variable customizable (not sure about
>> adding the version since the variable is old):
>
> Agree!

So now pushed.  Not sure if this request can be closed,
or more tweaks are necessary.

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> From: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>
> Cc: Yuan Fu <casouri@HIDDEN>,  jonas@HIDDEN,  dmitry@HIDDEN,
>   79862 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 20:10:21 +0200
> 
> > No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.
> 
> Ok, let's make the variable customizable (not sure about
> adding the version since the variable is old):

We don't need to add the version, but I think we should mention in
NEWS that it is now a customizable variable.

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Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> writes:

>>>>>> Since 'treesit-extra-load-path' is not a customizable option,
>>>>>> we can't save it automatically to user's init files
>>>>>> (saving even user options automatically is too nasty).
>>>>>>=20
>>>>>> So let's add a new user option e.g. 'treesit-install-grammar-directo=
ry',
>>>>>> and treat its value as if it's at the beginning of 'treesit-extra-lo=
ad-path'.
>>>>>> Also it will be used as the default location by 'treesit-ensure-inst=
alled=E2=80=99.
>>>>>=20
>>>>> We can declare treesit-extra-load-path as a custom option in
>>>>> treesit.el. Correct me if I'm wrong but I think that=E2=80=99s a vali=
d thing
>>>>> to do?
>>>>=20
>>>> No, variables defined in C are made defcustom's in cus-start.el.
>>>=20
>>> Ok, let's make the variable customizable (not sure about
>>> adding the version since the variable is old):
>>
>> Agree!
>
> So now pushed.  Not sure if this request can be closed,
> or more tweaks are necessary.

I have set `treesit-auto-install-grammar' to `always', but I still want
to customize the treesitter installation directory. It seems your change
only addresses the values `ask' and `ask-dir' of
`treesit-auto-install-grammar'? Thanks!

Daniel

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> I have set `treesit-auto-install-grammar' to `always', but I still want
> to customize the treesitter installation directory. It seems your change
> only addresses the values `ask' and `ask-dir' of
> `treesit-auto-install-grammar'? Thanks!

Yes, I thought that maybe 'always' needs the same treatment,
and thanks for confirming it does indeed.  However, it's not clear
what to do with 'always'.  Should it always install to the first
directory from treesit-extra-load-path without asking any questions?

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Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN> writes:

>> I have set `treesit-auto-install-grammar' to `always', but I still want
>> to customize the treesitter installation directory. It seems your change
>> only addresses the values `ask' and `ask-dir' of
>> `treesit-auto-install-grammar'? Thanks!
>
> Yes, I thought that maybe 'always' needs the same treatment,
> and thanks for confirming it does indeed.  However, it's not clear
> what to do with 'always'.  Should it always install to the first
> directory from treesit-extra-load-path without asking any questions?

Yes, this would meet my expectations. If treesit-extra-load-path is not
customized, it will install to ~/.config/tree-sitter/ without asking any
questions, and if the variable is customized to a directory it should
install to the given directory.

Message sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:

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close 79862 31.0.50
thanks

>> I thought that maybe 'always' needs the same treatment,
>> and thanks for confirming it does indeed.  However, it's not clear
>> what to do with 'always'.  Should it always install to the first
>> directory from treesit-extra-load-path without asking any questions?
>
> Yes, this would meet my expectations. If treesit-extra-load-path is not
> customized, it will install to ~/.config/tree-sitter/ without asking any
> questions, and if the variable is customized to a directory it should
> install to the given directory.

So now this is pushed and closed.

Message received at control <at> debbugs.gnu.org:

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From: Juri Linkov <juri@HIDDEN>
To: Daniel Mendler <mail@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#79862: Please add option to control where treesit installs
 grammars
In-Reply-To: <87v7isfxlo.fsf@HIDDEN>
Organization: LINKOV.NET
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close 79862 31.0.50
thanks

>> I thought that maybe 'always' needs the same treatment,
>> and thanks for confirming it does indeed.  However, it's not clear
>> what to do with 'always'.  Should it always install to the first
>> directory from treesit-extra-load-path without asking any questions?
>
> Yes, this would meet my expectations. If treesit-extra-load-path is not
> customized, it will install to ~/.config/tree-sitter/ without asking any
> questions, and if the variable is customized to a directory it should
> install to the given directory.

So now this is pushed and closed.

Last modified: Sun, 30 Nov 2025 18:30:01 UTC

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