GNU bug report logs - #80094
31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation

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Package: emacs; Reported by: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>; Keywords: patch; dated Mon, 29 Dec 2025 14:34:01 UTC; Maintainer for emacs is bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN.

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Gerd_M=C3=B6llmann?= <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>
To: =?utf-8?Q?St=C3=A9phane?= Marks <shipmints@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with
 --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation
In-Reply-To: <CAN+1HbomAcBXaYcR_8HGhBGzf8i8_o5aARc07zsVD9Dig2TbpA@HIDDEN>
References: <87a4z1qrxb.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN>
 <86v7h98zd7.fsf@HIDDEN> <87fr8bnjd6.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN>
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St=C3=A9phane Marks <shipmints@HIDDEN> writes:

> On Mon, Jan 12, 2026 at 6:48=E2=80=AFAM Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN> wro=
te:
>
>  On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:45:56 +0200,
>  Eli Zaretskii wrote:
>  > > From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
>  > > Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:
>  > >=20
>  > > $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
>  > > Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
>  > > emacs:
>  /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31.0.50-90d=
61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln:
>  cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
>  >
>  > I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
>  > prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
>  > instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
>  > conditional.
>
>  Revised patch attached (I hope I understood you correctly).
>
>  Gerd M=C3=B6llmann wrote:
>  > I've never seen an OSX/macOS app not using an aoo bundle.
>
>  The NS port is always using the app bundle, both on macOS and GNUstep.
>
> Not "always."  On macOS, I run my emacs from the src directory and do not=
 explicitly disable the bundle.  I run configure with no
> arguments (unless making a debug build).

Which is, BTW, only possible because of=20

nsterm.m:
 6397   if ([NSApp activationPolicy] =3D=3D NSApplicationActivationPolicyPr=
ohibited) {
 6398     /* Set the app's activation policy to regular when we run outside
 6399        of a bundle.  This is already done for us by Info.plist when we
 6400        run inside a bundle.  */
 6401     [NSApp setActivationPolicy:NSApplicationActivationPolicyRegular];
 6402     [NSApp setApplicationIconImage:
 6403              [EmacsImage
 6404                allocInitFromFile:
 6405                  build_string("icons/hicolor/128x128/apps/emacs.png")=
]];
 6406   }
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Gerd_M=C3=B6llmann?= <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>
To: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with
 --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation
In-Reply-To: <87fr8bnjd6.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN>
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Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN> writes:

> On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:45:56 +0200,
> Eli Zaretskii wrote:
>> > From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
>> > Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:
>> >=20
>> > $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
>> > Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
>> > emacs: /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31=
.0.50-90d61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln: cannot open shared o=
bject file: No such file or directory
>>
>> I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
>> prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
>> instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
>> conditional.
>
> Revised patch attached (I hope I understood you correctly).
>
> Gerd M=C3=B6llmann wrote:
>> I've never seen an OSX/macOS app not using an aoo bundle.
>
> The NS port is always using the app bundle, both on macOS and GNUstep.
>
> The configure option --disable-ns-self-contained creates a barebone
> app bundle containing only the Emacs executable, the app icon and the
> .plist file.  All other files are installed in the standard
> directories as per the GCS, relevant to the specified --prefix.
>
> I don't know whether this option makes sense on macOS but on some
> GNU/Linux distros it is a must because common files (whether
> architecture-independent or not) are shared among different Emacs
> flavors built from the same source package (P/GTK, Lucid, NS, etc).

Thanks. I should probably have written "normal" app bundle or something.
The other one I've never seen used on macOS/OSX.
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

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Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 13:54:58 +0200
Message-ID: <87ecnvnizx.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN>
From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
To: Alan Third <alan@HIDDEN>, Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>,
 80094 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, eliz@HIDDEN
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50;
 [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with --disable-ns-self-contained
 and --with-native-compilation
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On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 15:41:23 +0200,
Alan Third wrote:
> I can't really remember how any of this works now, but if you haven't
> already, it might be worth your while looking into ns_relocate in
> nsterm.m and the epaths.h file, which IIRC is generated by configure
> or make. I know there's something somewhere that edits the paths for
> NS, but I can't find it right now.

I looked at ns_relocate when I encountered this issue.  It does its
job fine but only for the NS_SELF_CONTAINED case.

> FWIW, I believe this sort of behaviour is supported on macOS too,
> there's a comment in one of the NS port readme files about it.

I also think it's supported although apparently not used very much.
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

Message received at 80094 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with
 --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation
To: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
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On Mon, Jan 12, 2026 at 6:48=E2=80=AFAM Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN> wrote=
:

> On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:45:56 +0200,
> Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > > From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
> > > Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:
> > >
> > > $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
> > > Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
> > > emacs:
> /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31.0.50-90d6=
1443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln:
> cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
> >
> > I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
> > prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
> > instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
> > conditional.
>
> Revised patch attached (I hope I understood you correctly).
>
> Gerd M=C3=B6llmann wrote:
> > I've never seen an OSX/macOS app not using an aoo bundle.
>
> The NS port is always using the app bundle, both on macOS and GNUstep.
>

Not "always."  On macOS, I run my emacs from the src directory and do not
explicitly disable the bundle.  I run configure with no arguments (unless
making a debug build).

--00000000000060e88006482f8345
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"fon=
t-family:monospace"><span style=3D"font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">=
On Mon, Jan 12, 2026 at 6:48=E2=80=AFAM Yavor Doganov &lt;<a href=3D"mailto=
:yavor@HIDDEN">yavor@HIDDEN</a>&gt; wrote:</span></div></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" st=
yle=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padd=
ing-left:1ex">On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:45:56 +0200,<br>
Eli Zaretskii wrote:<br>
&gt; &gt; From: Yavor Doganov &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:yavor@HIDDEN" target=
=3D"_blank">yavor@HIDDEN</a>&gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q<br>
&gt; &gt; Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app=
/:<br>
&gt; &gt; emacs: /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-li=
sp/31.0.50-90d61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln: cannot open sha=
red object file: No such file or directory<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; I have nothing against installing something like this, although I&#39;=
d<br>
&gt; prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and<br>
&gt; instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor<br>
&gt; conditional.<br>
<br>
Revised patch attached (I hope I understood you correctly).<br>
<br>
Gerd M=C3=B6llmann wrote:<br>
&gt; I&#39;ve never seen an OSX/macOS app not using an aoo bundle.<br>
<br>
The NS port is always using the app bundle, both on macOS and GNUstep.<br><=
/blockquote><div><br></div><div><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-=
family:monospace">Not=C2=A0&quot;always.&quot;=C2=A0 On macOS, I run my ema=
cs from the src directory and do not explicitly disable the bundle.=C2=A0 I=
 run configure with=C2=A0no arguments (unless making a debug build).</div><=
/div></div></div>

--00000000000060e88006482f8345--
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

Message received at 80094 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 13:47:01 +0200
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From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50;
 [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with --disable-ns-self-contained
 and --with-native-compilation
In-Reply-To: <86v7h98zd7.fsf@HIDDEN>
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On Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:45:56 +0200,
Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> > From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
> > Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:
> > 
> > $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
> > Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
> > emacs: /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31.0.50-90d61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
>
> I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
> prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
> instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
> conditional.

Revised patch attached (I hope I understood you correctly).

Gerd Möllmann wrote:
> I've never seen an OSX/macOS app not using an aoo bundle.

The NS port is always using the app bundle, both on macOS and GNUstep.

The configure option --disable-ns-self-contained creates a barebone
app bundle containing only the Emacs executable, the app icon and the
.plist file.  All other files are installed in the standard
directories as per the GCS, relevant to the specified --prefix.

I don't know whether this option makes sense on macOS but on some
GNU/Linux distros it is a must because common files (whether
architecture-independent or not) are shared among different Emacs
flavors built from the same source package (P/GTK, Lucid, NS, etc).

--Multipart_Mon_Jan_12_13:47:01_2026-1
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From 4f018efda3d1f995772adbb4b671a280cde6c439 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 12:51:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] NS: Fix startup with HAVE_NATIVE_COMP && !NS_SELF_CONTAINED
 (Bug#80094)

* src/pdumper.c (pdumper_set_emacs_execdir): Add workaround for
!NS_SELF_CONTAINED so that launching Emacs from the app bundle
works flawlessly when built with native compilation.
* configure.ac: Define BINDIR.
* src/conf_post.h: Define NS_BUNDLED conditionally.
---
 configure.ac    |  3 +++
 src/conf_post.h |  6 ++++++
 src/pdumper.c   | 22 +++++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 5be2588600d..0c1c1e2d789 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -7200,6 +7200,9 @@ AC_DEFUN
 AC_SUBST([GNU_OBJC_CFLAGS])
 AC_SUBST([OTHER_FILES])
 
+AS_IF([test $prefix = "NONE"], [_prefix=/usr/local], [_prefix=$prefix])
+AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([BINDIR], ["${_prefix}/bin/"], [Executables directory.])
+
 if test -n "${term_header}"; then
     AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([TERM_HEADER], ["${term_header}"],
         [Define to the header for the built-in window system.])
diff --git a/src/conf_post.h b/src/conf_post.h
index 826face9f74..a2edfdd7073 100644
--- a/src/conf_post.h
+++ b/src/conf_post.h
@@ -61,6 +61,12 @@ Copyright (C) 1988, 1993-1994, 1999-2002, 2004-2026 Free Software
 typedef bool bool_bf;
 #endif
 
+#if HAVE_NS && !NS_SELF_CONTAINED
+#define NS_BUNDLED "Emacs"
+#else
+#define NS_BUNDLED ""
+#endif
+
 /* A substitute for __has_attribute on compilers that lack it.
    It is used only on arguments like cleanup that are handled here.
    This macro should be used only in #if expressions, as Oracle
diff --git a/src/pdumper.c b/src/pdumper.c
index 6ab350fb2dd..d0479b19b3f 100644
--- a/src/pdumper.c
+++ b/src/pdumper.c
@@ -5648,11 +5648,23 @@ pdumper_set_emacs_execdir (char *emacs_executable)
 	 && !IS_DIRECTORY_SEP (p[-1]))
     --p;
   eassert (p > emacs_executable);
-  emacs_execdir = xpalloc (emacs_execdir, &execdir_size,
-			   p - emacs_executable + 1 - execdir_size, -1, 1);
-  memcpy (emacs_execdir, emacs_executable, p - emacs_executable);
-  execdir_len = p - emacs_executable;
-  emacs_execdir[execdir_len] = '\0';
+
+  if (strcmp (basename (emacs_executable), NS_BUNDLED))
+    {
+      emacs_execdir = xpalloc (emacs_execdir, &execdir_size,
+			       p - emacs_executable + 1 - execdir_size, -1, 1);
+      memcpy (emacs_execdir, emacs_executable, p - emacs_executable);
+      execdir_len = p - emacs_executable;
+      emacs_execdir[execdir_len] = '\0';
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* This is the Emacs executable from the non-self-contained app
+	 bundle which can be anywhere on the system.  Fortunately, the
+	 location of the lisp resources is known.  */
+      emacs_execdir = (char *) BINDIR;
+      execdir_len = strlen (BINDIR);
+    }
 }
 #endif
 
-- 
2.51.0


--Multipart_Mon_Jan_12_13:47:01_2026-1--
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

Message received at 80094 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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Date: Sat, 10 Jan 2026 13:41:23 +0000
From: Alan Third <alan@HIDDEN>
To: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with
 --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation
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On Mon, Dec 29, 2025 at 04:33:04PM +0200, Yavor Doganov wrote:
> The build process creates two identical executables: src/emacs, which
> "make install" installs in bindir, and nextstep/Emacs.app/Emacs, which
> the user is supposed to move manually (taking into account that the
> app bundle is not self-contained).
>
<snip>
>
> I'm willing to rework the patch and do the required testing if there's
> a better way to address this problem; just let me know.

I can't really remember how any of this works now, but if you haven't
already, it might be worth your while looking into ns_relocate in
nsterm.m and the epaths.h file, which IIRC is generated by configure
or make. I know there's something somewhere that edits the paths for
NS, but I can't find it right now.

FWIW, I believe this sort of behaviour is supported on macOS too,
there's a comment in one of the NS port readme files about it.
-- 
Alan Third
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

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From: =?utf-8?Q?Gerd_M=C3=B6llmann?= <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>
To: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50; [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with
 --disable-ns-self-contained and --with-native-compilation
In-Reply-To: <86v7h98zd7.fsf@HIDDEN>
References: <87a4z1qrxb.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN> <86v7h98zd7.fsf@HIDDEN>
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Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> writes:

>> I'm willing to rework the patch and do the required testing if there's
>> a better way to address this problem; just let me know.
>
> I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
> prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
> instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
> conditional.  But before we install something like that, I'd like
> people who use macOS to review this.  Gerd and Alan, would you please
> take a look and comment?

I'm afraid I can't contribute much. I've never seen an OSX/macOS app not
using an aoo bundle. Until Alan told me, I didn't even know what was
meant with that "self-contained".
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

Message received at 80094 <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
To: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>,
 =?utf-8?Q?Gerd_M=C3=B6llmann?= <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>,
 Alan Third <alan@HIDDEN>
In-Reply-To: <87a4z1qrxb.GNU's_not_UNIX!-yavor@HIDDEN> (message from Yavor
 Doganov on Mon, 29 Dec 2025 16:33:04 +0200)
Subject: Re: bug#80094: 31.0.50;
 [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with --disable-ns-self-contained
 and --with-native-compilation
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> Cc: yavor@HIDDEN
> Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2025 16:33:04 +0200
> From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
> 
> The build process creates two identical executables: src/emacs, which
> "make install" installs in bindir, and nextstep/Emacs.app/Emacs, which
> the user is supposed to move manually (taking into account that the
> app bundle is not self-contained).
> 
> Using the default prefix (for simplicity):
> 
> $ ./configure --with-ns --disable-ns-self-contained
> $ make
> # make install
> ;; Corresponds to GNUSTEP_LOCAL_APPS when gnustep-make is configured
> ;; with the fhs, debian or debian-multiarch layouts.
> # mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications
> # cp -a nextstep/Emacs.app/ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/
> 
> Starting /usr/local/bin/emacs works and it is fully functional, except
> that it doesn't know anything about the app bundle, cannot find its
> (GNUstep) resources and therefore there is no app icon, the .plist
> file is not parsed so the About dialog is empty, there are no GNUstep
> services, etc.
> 
> Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:
> 
> $ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
> Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
> emacs: /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31.0.50-90d61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
> 
> Note that some GNUstep users launch GNUstep applications from the
> corresponding GNUSTEP_*_APPS directory in GWorkspace (where app
> bundles appear with their icons and the Resources directory is
> hidden), so it is a valid scenario to attempt to launch Emacs from the
> app bundle.
> 
> Furthermore, gnustep-make (when configured with the layouts enumerated
> above) creates a symlink in bindir pointing to the real executable in
> the app bundle (since there is no point to install two identical
> executables).  So if Emacs is packaged as a GNUstep package, it ought
> to support this as well.
> 
> I have tested the attached (admittedly ugly) patch on Debian with
> Emacs 30.2 for more than a month, where
> 
> 1. prefix=/usr
> 2. /usr/bin/emacs is a symlink managed by dpkg's alternatives system,
>    pointing to /usr/bin/emacs-ns
> 3. /usr/bin/emacs-ns is a symlink pointing to the real executable
>    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs
> 4. /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Resources
>    is a symlink pointing to /usr/share/GNUstep/Emacs.app (because of
>    the FHS requirement to disallow images in /usr/lib)
> 5. Lisp resources, other programs, documentation, etc. come from
>    Debian's dedicated packages emacs-common, emacs-bin-common, etc.
> 
> I'm willing to rework the patch and do the required testing if there's
> a better way to address this problem; just let me know.

I have nothing against installing something like this, although I'd
prefer not to define unneeded variables like emacs_in_bundle, and
instead have all the bundle-related code under a preprocessor
conditional.  But before we install something like that, I'd like
people who use macOS to review this.  Gerd and Alan, would you please
take a look and comment?

TIA
Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.

Message received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org:


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From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
To: bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN
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Subject: 31.0.50;
 [PATCH] Emacs executable unusable with --disable-ns-self-contained
 and --with-native-compilation
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The build process creates two identical executables: src/emacs, which
"make install" installs in bindir, and nextstep/Emacs.app/Emacs, which
the user is supposed to move manually (taking into account that the
app bundle is not self-contained).

Using the default prefix (for simplicity):

$ ./configure --with-ns --disable-ns-self-contained
$ make
# make install
;; Corresponds to GNUSTEP_LOCAL_APPS when gnustep-make is configured
;; with the fhs, debian or debian-multiarch layouts.
# mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications
# cp -a nextstep/Emacs.app/ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/

Starting /usr/local/bin/emacs works and it is fully functional, except
that it doesn't know anything about the app bundle, cannot find its
(GNUstep) resources and therefore there is no app icon, the .plist
file is not parsed so the About dialog is empty, there are no GNUstep
services, etc.

Starting the executable from the app bundle results in:

$ /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs -Q
Error using execdir /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/:
emacs: /usr/local/lib/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/../native-lisp/31.0.50-90d61443/preloaded/window-0d1b8b93-2d794cce.eln: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Note that some GNUstep users launch GNUstep applications from the
corresponding GNUSTEP_*_APPS directory in GWorkspace (where app
bundles appear with their icons and the Resources directory is
hidden), so it is a valid scenario to attempt to launch Emacs from the
app bundle.

Furthermore, gnustep-make (when configured with the layouts enumerated
above) creates a symlink in bindir pointing to the real executable in
the app bundle (since there is no point to install two identical
executables).  So if Emacs is packaged as a GNUstep package, it ought
to support this as well.

I have tested the attached (admittedly ugly) patch on Debian with
Emacs 30.2 for more than a month, where

1. prefix=/usr
2. /usr/bin/emacs is a symlink managed by dpkg's alternatives system,
   pointing to /usr/bin/emacs-ns
3. /usr/bin/emacs-ns is a symlink pointing to the real executable
   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Emacs
4. /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/GNUstep/Applications/Emacs.app/Resources
   is a symlink pointing to /usr/share/GNUstep/Emacs.app (because of
   the FHS requirement to disallow images in /usr/lib)
5. Lisp resources, other programs, documentation, etc. come from
   Debian's dedicated packages emacs-common, emacs-bin-common, etc.

I'm willing to rework the patch and do the required testing if there's
a better way to address this problem; just let me know.

In GNU Emacs 31.0.50 (build 2, x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, NS
 gnustep-gui-0.32.0) of 2025-12-29 built on patilan
Repository revision: 29dea9ff4620127e9fa65aaa3374ce7c205cc059
Repository branch: master
Windowing system distributor 'GNU', version 10.3.32
System Description: Debian GNU/Linux forky/sid

Configured using:
 'configure --with-ns --disable-ns-self-contained'

Configured features:
ACL DBUS GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS GPM JPEG LCMS2 LIBSELINUX LIBSYSTEMD
LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP NOTIFY INOTIFY NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG SECCOMP
SOUND SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LANG: bg_BG.UTF-8
  value of $XMODIFIERS: @im=ibus
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Lisp Interaction

Minor modes in effect:
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  tool-bar-mode: t
  menu-bar-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  minibuffer-nonselected-mode: t
  minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(shadow sort mail-extr compile comint ansi-osc ansi-color ring comp-run
bytecomp byte-compile comp-common rx emacsbug lisp-mnt message mailcap
yank-media puny dired dired-loaddefs rfc822 mml mml-sec password-cache
epa derived epg rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util text-property-search
time-date subr-x mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mailabbrev gmm-utils
mailheader cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047
rfc2045 ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils rmc iso-transl tooltip
cconv eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize mule-util
term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode register
page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer select
scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core term/tty-colors
frame minibuffer nadvice seq simple cl-generic indonesian philippine
cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese tibetan thai tai-viet lao
korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew greek romanian slovak czech
european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese composite emoji-zwj charscript
charprop case-table epa-hook jka-cmpr-hook help abbrev obarray oclosure
cl-preloaded button loaddefs theme-loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp
files window text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env
code-pages mule custom widget keymap hashtable-print-readable backquote
threads dbusbind inotify gnustep ns lcms2 multi-tty make-network-process
tty-child-frames native-compile emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 54714 11386) (symbols 48 6850 0) (strings 32 16194 5041)
 (string-bytes 1 438682) (vectors 16 11724)
 (vector-slots 8 134846 11780) (floats 8 21 3) (intervals 56 242 0)
 (buffers 1064 11))

--Multipart_Mon_Dec_29_16:33:03_2025-1
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From 5e375710740a93c3cc1e4186682519d878d4e2d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2025 16:11:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] NS: Fix Emacs startup with --disable-ns-self-contained and
 native lisp comp

* src/pdumper.c (pdumper_set_emacs_execdir): Add workaround for
!NS_SELF_CONTAINED so that launching Emacs from the app bundle
works flawlessly when built with native compilation.
* configure.ac: Define BINDIR.
---
 configure.ac  |  3 +++
 src/pdumper.c | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 9d113be88d5..e35d2ca8287 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -7195,6 +7195,9 @@ AC_DEFUN
 AC_SUBST([GNU_OBJC_CFLAGS])
 AC_SUBST([OTHER_FILES])
 
+AS_IF([test $prefix = "NONE"], [_prefix=/usr/local], [_prefix=$prefix])
+AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([BINDIR], ["${_prefix}/bin/"], [Executables directory.])
+
 if test -n "${term_header}"; then
     AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([TERM_HEADER], ["${term_header}"],
         [Define to the header for the built-in window system.])
diff --git a/src/pdumper.c b/src/pdumper.c
index 876065929e0..e2170305a9e 100644
--- a/src/pdumper.c
+++ b/src/pdumper.c
@@ -5642,17 +5642,33 @@ dump_do_all_emacs_relocations (const struct dump_header *const header,
 static void
 pdumper_set_emacs_execdir (char *emacs_executable)
 {
+  const char *emacs_in_bundle = "";
+#if HAVE_NS && !NS_SELF_CONTAINED
+  emacs_in_bundle = "Emacs";
+#endif
   char *p = emacs_executable + strlen (emacs_executable);
 
   while (p > emacs_executable
 	 && !IS_DIRECTORY_SEP (p[-1]))
     --p;
   eassert (p > emacs_executable);
-  emacs_execdir = xpalloc (emacs_execdir, &execdir_size,
-			   p - emacs_executable + 1 - execdir_size, -1, 1);
-  memcpy (emacs_execdir, emacs_executable, p - emacs_executable);
-  execdir_len = p - emacs_executable;
-  emacs_execdir[execdir_len] = '\0';
+
+  if (strcmp (basename (emacs_executable), emacs_in_bundle))
+    {
+      emacs_execdir = xpalloc (emacs_execdir, &execdir_size,
+			       p - emacs_executable + 1 - execdir_size, -1, 1);
+      memcpy (emacs_execdir, emacs_executable, p - emacs_executable);
+      execdir_len = p - emacs_executable;
+      emacs_execdir[execdir_len] = '\0';
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* This is the Emacs executable from the non-self-contained app
+	 bundle which can be anywhere on the system.  Fortunately, the
+	 location of the lisp resources is known.  */
+      emacs_execdir = (char *) BINDIR;
+      execdir_len = strlen (BINDIR);
+    }
 }
 #endif
 
-- 
2.51.0


--Multipart_Mon_Dec_29_16:33:03_2025-1--
Acknowledgement sent to Yavor Doganov <yavor@HIDDEN>:
New bug report received and forwarded. Copy sent to yavor@HIDDEN, bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN. Full text available.
Report forwarded to yavor@HIDDEN, bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#80094; Package emacs. Full text available.
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