GNU bug report logs - #81324
32.0.50; NS toolbar event-loop hang seen in AUCTeX/LSP LaTeX buffers

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Package: emacs; Reported by: Eli Tziperman <eli.tziperman@HIDDEN>; merged with #72496, #74369; dated Sun, 28 Jun 2026 15:36:17 UTC; Maintainer for emacs is bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN.
Merged 72496 74369 81324. Request was from Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN> to control <at> debbugs.gnu.org. Full text available.

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Date: Wed, 01 Jul 2026 14:44:24 +0300
Message-Id: <86ik6zc4tj.fsf@HIDDEN>
From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@HIDDEN>
To: Gerd =?utf-8?Q?M=C3=B6llmann?= <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>
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Subject: Re: bug#81324: 32.0.50;
 NS toolbar event-loop hang seen in AUCTeX/LSP LaTeX buffers
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merge 81324 72496
thanks

> Cc: 81324 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, Eli Tziperman <eli.tziperman@HIDDEN>,
>  Charles Choi <kickingvegas@HIDDEN>
> From: Gerd Möllmann <gerd.moellmann@HIDDEN>
> Date: Wed, 01 Jul 2026 04:56:23 +0200
> 
> Stéphane Marks <shipmints@HIDDEN> writes:
> 
> > I'm reminded of this thread which I think did not have an associated bug, though this seems there would be one out there.
> >
> > https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-05/msg00612.html
> 
> That's bug#72496.

Thanks, I'm therefore merging them.




Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#81324; Package emacs. Full text available.

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Subject: Re: bug#81324: 32.0.50; NS toolbar event-loop hang seen in
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St=C3=A9phane Marks <shipmints@HIDDEN> writes:

> I'm reminded of this thread which I think did not have an associated bug,=
 though this seems there would be one out there.
>
> https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-05/msg00612.html

That's bug#72496.




Information forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#81324; Package emacs. Full text available.

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Subject: Re: bug#81324: 32.0.50; NS toolbar event-loop hang seen in AUCTeX/LSP
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--000000000000f164ff065579331d
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

On Sun, Jun 28, 2026 at 5:36=E2=80=AFPM Eli Tziperman <eli.tziperman@gmail.=
com>
wrote:

> I encounter this as an intermittent hang in LaTeX buffers while using
> AUCTeX with LSP enabled. Clicking AUCTeX toolbar buttons while a
> LaTeX-related process is active leads to a hung Emacs. The following bug
> report and patch were created by Codex.
>
> The attached reduced reproducer does not require AUCTeX, LSP, LaTeX, or a
> .tex file.
> 2. How to reproduce
>
> Attached files:
>
>    - repro/ns-toolbar-output.el
>    - repro/run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh
>    - repro/ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch
>
> Use an unpatched macOS NS Emacs, then run:
>
>  <#m_1497592642483352513_cb1-1>cd repro <#m_1497592642483352513_cb1-2>./r=
un-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh
>
> In the Emacs window:
>
>    1. Click the toolbar save icon. This starts a process named LaTeX; it
>    is just /usr/bin/yes, used to produce continuous asynchronous output.
>    2. While output is flowing, click the toolbar delete/trash icon.
>    3. Answer Yes to the prompt.
>
> Expected behavior: Emacs remains responsive, waits for the sit-for 30,
> and then the command returns.
>
> Actual behavior on the unpatched NS build: Emacs hangs indefinitely after
> the trash icon click. It remains alive but does not respond.
> 3. Why it happens
>
> The hang is in the NS port event loop, not in AUCTeX, LSP, or LaTeX. Thos=
e
> packages appear to be timing amplifiers because they combine toolbar
> clicks, process output, redisplay, and toolbar updates.
>
> The relevant path is ns_read_socket_1 in src/nsterm.m. When no native
> event is immediately available, it posts an AppDefined event and then
> enters [NSApp run]:
>
> send_appdefined =3D YES;
> ns_send_appdefined (-1);
> [NSApp run];
>
> The code assumes that the synthetic AppDefined event will make [NSApp run=
] return.
> In this testcase, after a toolbar command reads from the minibuffer and
> then waits while process output and toolbar updates are active, that wake=
up
> can be lost, deferred, or otherwise fail to stop the nested AppKit run
> loop. Emacs then sleeps inside AppKit even though Emacs-side work is
> pending.
>
> A representative hung stack was:
>
> read_key_sequence
> read_char
> sit_for
> wait_reading_process_output
> ns_read_socket_1
> -[EmacsApp run]
> -[NSApplication run]
> mach_msg2_trap
>
> In lldb, the hung process had send_appdefined set and Emacs events
> queued, but the main thread was blocked in AppKit=E2=80=99s run loop.
> 4. Minimal patch attachment
>
> I attached repro/ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch. The patch adds
> a short default-run-loop fallback before entering [NSApp run]:
>
> [NSApp performSelector: @selector (stop:)
>             withObject: NSApp
>             afterDelay: 0.05
>                inModes: [NSArray arrayWithObject:
>                                    NSDefaultRunLoopMode]];
> [NSApp run];
> [NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget: NSApp
>                                          selector: @selector (stop:)
>                                            object: NSApp];
>
> This keeps the existing AppDefined wakeup path. If it works, [NSApp run] =
returns
> normally and the fallback is canceled. If the AppDefined wakeup does not
> stop the nested run loop, the delayed stop: breaks out of it. Scheduling
> the fallback only in NSDefaultRunLoopMode avoids firing it in modal
> panels.
> 5. Information from report-emacs-bug
>
> The following information is from report-emacs-bug/Emacs bug-report
> fields. Local user-identifying host and path values are sanitized.
>
> In GNU Emacs 32.0.50 (build 1, aarch64-apple-darwin25.5.0, NS
>  appkit-2685.60 Version 26.5.1 (Build 25F80)) of 2026-06-14 built on
>  local host
>
> Repository revision: ca44dce1ec1f8dc6208a2f78a80711b22978735c
> Repository branch: master
> System Description:  macOS 26.5.1
>
> Configured using:
>  'configure --with-ns --with-modules --with-x-toolkit=3Dno --with-gnutls
>  --with-tree-sitter --with-rsvg --with-sqlite3 --with-xml2
>  'CFLAGS=3D-DFD_SETSIZE=3D10000 -DDARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT'
>  --prefix=3D/Users/<user>/build-emacs/prefix/emacs
>  'CPPFLAGS=3D-I/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/include
>  -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/include -I/opt/homebrew/include'
>  'LDFLAGS=3D-L/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/lib
>  -L/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/lib -L/opt/homebrew/lib''
>
> Configured features:
> ACL DBUS GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS JPEG LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP
> NOTIFY KQUEUE NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
> TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM ZLIB
>
> Important settings:
>   value of $LC_ALL: C.UTF-8
>   value of $LC_CTYPE: C.UTF-8
>   value of $LANG: C.UTF-8
>   locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix
>
> Major mode: Fundamental
>
> Minor modes in effect:
>   tooltip-mode: t
>   global-eldoc-mode: t
>   show-paren-mode: t
>   electric-indent-mode: t
>   mouse-wheel-mode: t
>   file-name-shadow-mode: t
>   minibuffer-nonselected-mode: t
>   minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
>   line-number-mode: t
>   indent-tabs-mode: t
>   auto-composition-mode: t
>   auto-encryption-mode: t
>   auto-compression-mode: t
>
> Load-path shadows:
> None found.
>
> Features:
> (emacsbug lisp-mnt message mailcap yank-media puny dired
> dired-loaddefs rfc822 mml mml-sec password-cache epa derived epg
> rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util text-property-search time-date subr-x
> mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader
> cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047 rfc2045
> ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils rmc iso-transl tooltip cconv
> eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
> elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize mule-util
> term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
> tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode
> register page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer
> select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core
> term/tty-colors frame minibuffer nadvice seq simple cl-generic
> indonesian philippine cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese
> tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew
> greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese
> composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
> jka-compr-hook help abbrev obarray oclosure cl-preloaded button
> loaddefs theme-loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window
> text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule
> custom widget keymap hashtable-print-readable backquote threads
> dbusbind kqueue cocoa ns lcms2 multi-tty make-network-process
> tty-child-frames native-compile emacs)
>
> Memory information:
> ((conses 16 38323 18551) (symbols 48 4958 1) (strings 32 10845 3105)
>  (string-bytes 1 421420) (vectors 16 4580) (vector-slots 8 59779 8988)
>  (floats 8 20 1) (intervals 56 5 14) (buffers 1064 5))
>
>
I'm reminded of this thread which I think did not have an associated bug,
though this seems there would be one out there.

https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-05/msg00612.html

--000000000000f164ff065579331d
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"fon=
t-family:monospace"><span style=3D"font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;b=
ackground-color:transparent">On Sun, Jun 28, 2026 at 5:36=E2=80=AFPM Eli Tz=
iperman &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:eli.tziperman@HIDDEN">eli.tziperman@gmail.=
com</a>&gt; wrote:</span></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote gmail_quote_=
container"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.=
8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><h1 id=3D=
"m_1497592642483352513ns-toolbar-event-loop-hang-seen-in-auctexlsp-latex-bu=
ffers" style=3D"font-family:Times;font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span styl=
e=3D"font-size:medium;font-weight:normal">I encounter this as an intermitte=
nt hang in LaTeX buffers while using AUCTeX with LSP enabled. Clicking AUCT=
eX toolbar buttons while a LaTeX-related process is active leads to a hung =
Emacs. </span><span style=3D"font-size:medium">The following bug report and=
 patch were created by Codex.</span></h1><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font=
-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">The attached reduced reproducer=
 does not require AUCTeX, LSP, LaTeX, or a=C2=A0<code>.tex</code>=C2=A0file=
.</p><h2 id=3D"m_1497592642483352513how-to-reproduce" style=3D"font-family:=
Times;font-variant-ligatures:normal">2. How to reproduce</h2><p style=3D"fo=
nt-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">Attached fi=
les:</p><ul style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatu=
res:normal"><li><code>repro/ns-toolbar-output.el</code></li><li><code>repro=
/run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh</code></li><li><code>repro/ns-read-socket-a=
ppdefined-fallback.patch</code></li></ul><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font=
-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">Use an unpatched macOS NS Emacs=
, then run:</p><div id=3D"m_1497592642483352513cb1" style=3D"font-family:Ti=
mes;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal"><pre><code><span id=3D"=
m_1497592642483352513cb1-1"><a href=3D"#m_1497592642483352513_cb1-1" aria-h=
idden=3D"true"></a><span>cd</span> repro</span>
<span id=3D"m_1497592642483352513cb1-2"><a href=3D"#m_1497592642483352513_c=
b1-2" aria-hidden=3D"true"></a><span>./run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh</span=
></span></code></pre></div><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;f=
ont-variant-ligatures:normal">In the Emacs window:</p><ol type=3D"1" style=
=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal"><li>C=
lick the toolbar=C2=A0<code>save</code>=C2=A0icon. This starts a process na=
med=C2=A0<code>LaTeX</code>; it is just=C2=A0<code>/usr/bin/yes</code>, use=
d to produce continuous asynchronous output.</li><li>While output is flowin=
g, click the toolbar=C2=A0<code>delete</code>/trash icon.</li><li>Answer=C2=
=A0<code>Yes</code>=C2=A0to the prompt.</li></ol><p style=3D"font-family:Ti=
mes;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">Expected behavior: Emac=
s remains responsive, waits for the=C2=A0<code>sit-for 30</code>, and then =
the command returns.</p><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font=
-variant-ligatures:normal">Actual behavior on the unpatched NS build: Emacs=
 hangs indefinitely after the trash icon click. It remains alive but does n=
ot respond.</p><h2 id=3D"m_1497592642483352513why-it-happens" style=3D"font=
-family:Times;font-variant-ligatures:normal">3. Why it happens</h2><p style=
=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">The h=
ang is in the NS port event loop, not in AUCTeX, LSP, or LaTeX. Those packa=
ges appear to be timing amplifiers because they combine toolbar clicks, pro=
cess output, redisplay, and toolbar updates.</p><p style=3D"font-family:Tim=
es;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">The relevant path is=C2=
=A0<code>ns_read_socket_1</code>=C2=A0in=C2=A0<code>src/nsterm.m</code>. Wh=
en no native event is immediately available, it posts an AppDefined event a=
nd then enters=C2=A0<code>[NSApp run]</code>:</p><pre style=3D"font-variant=
-ligatures:normal"><code>send_appdefined =3D YES;
ns_send_appdefined (-1);
[NSApp run];</code></pre><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;fon=
t-variant-ligatures:normal">The code assumes that the synthetic AppDefined =
event will make=C2=A0<code>[NSApp run]</code>=C2=A0return. In this testcase=
, after a toolbar command reads from the minibuffer and then waits while pr=
ocess output and toolbar updates are active, that wakeup can be lost, defer=
red, or otherwise fail to stop the nested AppKit run loop. Emacs then sleep=
s inside AppKit even though Emacs-side work is pending.</p><p style=3D"font=
-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">A representat=
ive hung stack was:</p><pre style=3D"font-variant-ligatures:normal"><code>r=
ead_key_sequence
read_char
sit_for
wait_reading_process_output
ns_read_socket_1
-[EmacsApp run]
-[NSApplication run]
mach_msg2_trap</code></pre><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;f=
ont-variant-ligatures:normal">In lldb, the hung process had=C2=A0<code>send=
_appdefined</code>=C2=A0set and Emacs events queued, but the main thread wa=
s blocked in AppKit=E2=80=99s run loop.</p><h2 id=3D"m_1497592642483352513m=
inimal-patch-attachment" style=3D"font-family:Times;font-variant-ligatures:=
normal">4. Minimal patch attachment</h2><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-=
size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">I attached=C2=A0<code>repro/ns-r=
ead-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch</code>. The patch adds a short default=
-run-loop fallback before entering=C2=A0<code>[NSApp run]</code>:</p><pre s=
tyle=3D"font-variant-ligatures:normal"><code>[NSApp performSelector: @selec=
tor (stop:)
            withObject: NSApp
            afterDelay: 0.05
               inModes: [NSArray arrayWithObject:
                                   NSDefaultRunLoopMode]];
[NSApp run];
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget: NSApp
                                         selector: @selector (stop:)
                                           object: NSApp];</code></pre><p s=
tyle=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-ligatures:normal">T=
his keeps the existing AppDefined wakeup path. If it works,=C2=A0<code>[NSA=
pp run]</code>=C2=A0returns normally and the fallback is canceled. If the A=
ppDefined wakeup does not stop the nested run loop, the delayed=C2=A0<code>=
stop:</code>=C2=A0breaks out of it. Scheduling the fallback only in=C2=A0<c=
ode>NSDefaultRunLoopMode</code>=C2=A0avoids firing it in modal panels.</p><=
h2 id=3D"m_1497592642483352513information-from-report-emacs-bug" style=3D"f=
ont-family:Times;font-variant-ligatures:normal">5. Information from report-=
emacs-bug</h2><p style=3D"font-family:Times;font-size:medium;font-variant-l=
igatures:normal">The following information is from=C2=A0<code>report-emacs-=
bug</code>/Emacs bug-report fields. Local user-identifying host and path va=
lues are sanitized.</p><pre style=3D"font-variant-ligatures:normal"><code>I=
n GNU Emacs 32.0.50 (build 1, aarch64-apple-darwin25.5.0, NS
 appkit-2685.60 Version 26.5.1 (Build 25F80)) of 2026-06-14 built on
 local host

Repository revision: ca44dce1ec1f8dc6208a2f78a80711b22978735c
Repository branch: master
System Description:  macOS 26.5.1

Configured using:
 &#39;configure --with-ns --with-modules --with-x-toolkit=3Dno --with-gnutl=
s
 --with-tree-sitter --with-rsvg --with-sqlite3 --with-xml2
 &#39;CFLAGS=3D-DFD_SETSIZE=3D10000 -DDARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT&#39;
 --prefix=3D/Users/&lt;user&gt;/build-emacs/prefix/emacs
 &#39;CPPFLAGS=3D-I/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/include
 -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/include -I/opt/homebrew/include&#39;
 &#39;LDFLAGS=3D-L/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/lib
 -L/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/lib -L/opt/homebrew/lib&#39;&#39;

Configured features:
ACL DBUS GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS JPEG LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP
NOTIFY KQUEUE NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LC_ALL: C.UTF-8
  value of $LC_CTYPE: C.UTF-8
  value of $LANG: C.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Fundamental

Minor modes in effect:
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  minibuffer-nonselected-mode: t
  minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(emacsbug lisp-mnt message mailcap yank-media puny dired
dired-loaddefs rfc822 mml mml-sec password-cache epa derived epg
rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util text-property-search time-date subr-x
mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader
cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047 rfc2045
ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils rmc iso-transl tooltip cconv
eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize mule-util
term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode
register page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer
select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core
term/tty-colors frame minibuffer nadvice seq simple cl-generic
indonesian philippine cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese
tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew
greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese
composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
jka-compr-hook help abbrev obarray oclosure cl-preloaded button
loaddefs theme-loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window
text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule
custom widget keymap hashtable-print-readable backquote threads
dbusbind kqueue cocoa ns lcms2 multi-tty make-network-process
tty-child-frames native-compile emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 38323 18551) (symbols 48 4958 1) (strings 32 10845 3105)
 (string-bytes 1 421420) (vectors 16 4580) (vector-slots 8 59779 8988)
 (floats 8 20 1) (intervals 56 5 14) (buffers 1064 5))</code></pre></div></=
blockquote><div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-family=
:monospace">I&#39;m reminded of this thread which I think did not have an a=
ssociated bug, though this seems there would be one out there.</div><div cl=
ass=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-family:monospace"><br></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font-family:monospace"><a href=3D"https://lists=
.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-05/msg00612.html">https://lists.gnu.=
org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-05/msg00612.html</a></div><div class=3D"g=
mail_default" style=3D"font-family:monospace"><br></div></div></div>

--000000000000f164ff065579331d--




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bug#81324; Package emacs. Full text available.

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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
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	charset=utf-8

I encounter this as an intermittent hang in LaTeX buffers while using =
AUCTeX with LSP enabled. Clicking AUCTeX toolbar buttons while a =
LaTeX-related process is active leads to a hung Emacs. The following bug =
report and patch were created by Codex.

The attached reduced reproducer does not require AUCTeX, LSP, LaTeX, or =
a .tex file.

2. How to reproduce

Attached files:

repro/ns-toolbar-output.el
repro/run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh
repro/ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch
Use an unpatched macOS NS Emacs, then run:

 <about:blank#cb1-1>cd repro
 <about:blank#cb1-2>./run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh
In the Emacs window:

Click the toolbar save icon. This starts a process named LaTeX; it is =
just /usr/bin/yes, used to produce continuous asynchronous output.
While output is flowing, click the toolbar delete/trash icon.
Answer Yes to the prompt.
Expected behavior: Emacs remains responsive, waits for the sit-for 30, =
and then the command returns.

Actual behavior on the unpatched NS build: Emacs hangs indefinitely =
after the trash icon click. It remains alive but does not respond.

3. Why it happens

The hang is in the NS port event loop, not in AUCTeX, LSP, or LaTeX. =
Those packages appear to be timing amplifiers because they combine =
toolbar clicks, process output, redisplay, and toolbar updates.

The relevant path is ns_read_socket_1 in src/nsterm.m. When no native =
event is immediately available, it posts an AppDefined event and then =
enters [NSApp run]:

send_appdefined =3D YES;
ns_send_appdefined (-1);
[NSApp run];
The code assumes that the synthetic AppDefined event will make [NSApp =
run] return. In this testcase, after a toolbar command reads from the =
minibuffer and then waits while process output and toolbar updates are =
active, that wakeup can be lost, deferred, or otherwise fail to stop the =
nested AppKit run loop. Emacs then sleeps inside AppKit even though =
Emacs-side work is pending.

A representative hung stack was:

read_key_sequence
read_char
sit_for
wait_reading_process_output
ns_read_socket_1
-[EmacsApp run]
-[NSApplication run]
mach_msg2_trap
In lldb, the hung process had send_appdefined set and Emacs events =
queued, but the main thread was blocked in AppKit=E2=80=99s run loop.

4. Minimal patch attachment

I attached repro/ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch. The patch =
adds a short default-run-loop fallback before entering [NSApp run]:

[NSApp performSelector: @selector (stop:)
            withObject: NSApp
            afterDelay: 0.05
               inModes: [NSArray arrayWithObject:
                                   NSDefaultRunLoopMode]];
[NSApp run];
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget: NSApp
                                         selector: @selector (stop:)
                                           object: NSApp];
This keeps the existing AppDefined wakeup path. If it works, [NSApp run] =
returns normally and the fallback is canceled. If the AppDefined wakeup =
does not stop the nested run loop, the delayed stop: breaks out of it. =
Scheduling the fallback only in NSDefaultRunLoopMode avoids firing it in =
modal panels.

5. Information from report-emacs-bug

The following information is from report-emacs-bug/Emacs bug-report =
fields. Local user-identifying host and path values are sanitized.

In GNU Emacs 32.0.50 (build 1, aarch64-apple-darwin25.5.0, NS
 appkit-2685.60 Version 26.5.1 (Build 25F80)) of 2026-06-14 built on
 local host

Repository revision: ca44dce1ec1f8dc6208a2f78a80711b22978735c
Repository branch: master
System Description:  macOS 26.5.1

Configured using:
 'configure --with-ns --with-modules --with-x-toolkit=3Dno --with-gnutls
 --with-tree-sitter --with-rsvg --with-sqlite3 --with-xml2
 'CFLAGS=3D-DFD_SETSIZE=3D10000 -DDARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT'
 --prefix=3D/Users/<user>/build-emacs/prefix/emacs
 'CPPFLAGS=3D-I/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/include
 -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/include -I/opt/homebrew/include'
 'LDFLAGS=3D-L/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/lib
 -L/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/lib -L/opt/homebrew/lib''

Configured features:
ACL DBUS GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS JPEG LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP
NOTIFY KQUEUE NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LC_ALL: C.UTF-8
  value of $LC_CTYPE: C.UTF-8
  value of $LANG: C.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Fundamental

Minor modes in effect:
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  minibuffer-nonselected-mode: t
  minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(emacsbug lisp-mnt message mailcap yank-media puny dired
dired-loaddefs rfc822 mml mml-sec password-cache epa derived epg
rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util text-property-search time-date subr-x
mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader
cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047 rfc2045
ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils rmc iso-transl tooltip cconv
eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize mule-util
term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode
register page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer
select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core
term/tty-colors frame minibuffer nadvice seq simple cl-generic
indonesian philippine cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese
tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew
greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese
composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
jka-compr-hook help abbrev obarray oclosure cl-preloaded button
loaddefs theme-loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window
text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule
custom widget keymap hashtable-print-readable backquote threads
dbusbind kqueue cocoa ns lcms2 multi-tty make-network-process
tty-child-frames native-compile emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 38323 18551) (symbols 48 4958 1) (strings 32 10845 3105)
 (string-bytes 1 421420) (vectors 16 4580) (vector-slots 8 59779 8988)
 (floats 8 20 1) (intervals 56 5 14) (buffers 1064 5))

=EF=BF=BC=EF=BF=BC=EF=BF=BC


--Apple-Mail=_ACCEA407-9170-44C8-BBDC-7A0EDD7F8487
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
	boundary="Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42"


--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset=utf-8

<html aria-label=3D"message body"><head><meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" =
content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8"></head><body =
style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
line-break: after-white-space;"><h1 =
id=3D"ns-toolbar-event-loop-hang-seen-in-auctexlsp-latex-buffers" =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><span =
style=3D"font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;">I encounter this as an =
intermittent hang in LaTeX buffers while using AUCTeX with LSP enabled. =
Clicking AUCTeX toolbar buttons while a LaTeX-related process is active =
leads to a hung Emacs. </span><span style=3D"font-size: medium;">The =
following bug report and patch were created by Codex.</span></h1><p =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;">The attached reduced reproducer does not require AUCTeX, LSP, =
LaTeX, or a&nbsp;<code>.tex</code>&nbsp;file.</p><h2 =
id=3D"how-to-reproduce" style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">2. How to reproduce</h2><p =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;">Attached files:</p><ul style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: =
medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><li><code>repro/ns-toolbar-output.el</code></li><li><code>repro/r=
un-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh</code></li><li><code>repro/ns-read-socket-ap=
pdefined-fallback.patch</code></li></ul><p style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">Use an unpatched =
macOS NS Emacs, then run:</p><div class=3D"sourceCode" id=3D"cb1" =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><pre class=3D"sourceCode sh"><code class=3D"sourceCode =
bash"><span id=3D"cb1-1"><a href=3D"#cb1-1" aria-hidden=3D"true" =
tabindex=3D"-1"></a><span class=3D"bu">cd</span> repro</span>
<span id=3D"cb1-2"><a href=3D"#cb1-2" aria-hidden=3D"true" =
tabindex=3D"-1"></a><span =
class=3D"ex">./run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh</span></span></code></pre></=
div><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">In the Emacs window:</p><ol type=3D"1" =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><li>Click the toolbar&nbsp;<code>save</code>&nbsp;icon. This =
starts a process named&nbsp;<code>LaTeX</code>; it is =
just&nbsp;<code>/usr/bin/yes</code>, used to produce continuous =
asynchronous output.</li><li>While output is flowing, click the =
toolbar&nbsp;<code>delete</code>/trash =
icon.</li><li>Answer&nbsp;<code>Yes</code>&nbsp;to the =
prompt.</li></ol><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">Expected behavior: Emacs remains =
responsive, waits for the&nbsp;<code>sit-for 30</code>, and then the =
command returns.</p><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">Actual behavior on the unpatched NS =
build: Emacs hangs indefinitely after the trash icon click. It remains =
alive but does not respond.</p><h2 id=3D"why-it-happens" =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">3. Why it =
happens</h2><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">The hang is in the NS port event loop, =
not in AUCTeX, LSP, or LaTeX. Those packages appear to be timing =
amplifiers because they combine toolbar clicks, process output, =
redisplay, and toolbar updates.</p><p style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">The relevant path =
is&nbsp;<code>ns_read_socket_1</code>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<code>src/nsterm.m</cod=
e>. When no native event is immediately available, it posts an =
AppDefined event and then enters&nbsp;<code>[NSApp run]</code>:</p><pre =
class=3D"objc" style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><code>send_appdefined =3D YES;
ns_send_appdefined (-1);
[NSApp run];</code></pre><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: =
medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">The code assumes that the =
synthetic AppDefined event will make&nbsp;<code>[NSApp =
run]</code>&nbsp;return. In this testcase, after a toolbar command reads =
from the minibuffer and then waits while process output and toolbar =
updates are active, that wakeup can be lost, deferred, or otherwise fail =
to stop the nested AppKit run loop. Emacs then sleeps inside AppKit even =
though Emacs-side work is pending.</p><p style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">A representative =
hung stack was:</p><pre class=3D"text" style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><code>read_key_sequence
read_char
sit_for
wait_reading_process_output
ns_read_socket_1
-[EmacsApp run]
-[NSApplication run]
mach_msg2_trap</code></pre><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: =
medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">In lldb, the hung process =
had&nbsp;<code>send_appdefined</code>&nbsp;set and Emacs events queued, =
but the main thread was blocked in AppKit=E2=80=99s run loop.</p><h2 =
id=3D"minimal-patch-attachment" style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">4. Minimal patch attachment</h2><p =
style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;">I =
attached&nbsp;<code>repro/ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch</code>.=
 The patch adds a short default-run-loop fallback before =
entering&nbsp;<code>[NSApp run]</code>:</p><pre class=3D"objc" =
style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><code>[NSApp performSelector: =
@selector (stop:)
            withObject: NSApp
            afterDelay: 0.05
               inModes: [NSArray arrayWithObject:
                                   NSDefaultRunLoopMode]];
[NSApp run];
[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget: NSApp
                                         selector: @selector (stop:)
                                           object: =
NSApp];</code></pre><p style=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; =
font-variant-ligatures: normal;">This keeps the existing AppDefined =
wakeup path. If it works,&nbsp;<code>[NSApp run]</code>&nbsp;returns =
normally and the fallback is canceled. If the AppDefined wakeup does not =
stop the nested run loop, the =
delayed&nbsp;<code>stop:</code>&nbsp;breaks out of it. Scheduling the =
fallback only in&nbsp;<code>NSDefaultRunLoopMode</code>&nbsp;avoids =
firing it in modal panels.</p><h2 id=3D"information-from-report-emacs-bug"=
 style=3D"font-family: Times; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">5. =
Information from report-emacs-bug</h2><p style=3D"font-family: Times; =
font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">The following =
information is from&nbsp;<code>report-emacs-bug</code>/Emacs bug-report =
fields. Local user-identifying host and path values are =
sanitized.</p><pre class=3D"text" style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><code>In GNU Emacs 32.0.50 (build 1, =
aarch64-apple-darwin25.5.0, NS
 appkit-2685.60 Version 26.5.1 (Build 25F80)) of 2026-06-14 built on
 local host

Repository revision: ca44dce1ec1f8dc6208a2f78a80711b22978735c
Repository branch: master
System Description:  macOS 26.5.1

Configured using:
 'configure --with-ns --with-modules --with-x-toolkit=3Dno --with-gnutls
 --with-tree-sitter --with-rsvg --with-sqlite3 --with-xml2
 'CFLAGS=3D-DFD_SETSIZE=3D10000 -DDARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT'
 --prefix=3D/Users/&lt;user&gt;/build-emacs/prefix/emacs
 'CPPFLAGS=3D-I/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/include
 -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/include -I/opt/homebrew/include'
 'LDFLAGS=3D-L/opt/homebrew/opt/sqlite/lib
 -L/opt/homebrew/opt/libxml2/lib -L/opt/homebrew/lib''

Configured features:
ACL DBUS GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS JPEG LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP
NOTIFY KQUEUE NS PDUMPER PNG RSVG SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XIM ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LC_ALL: C.UTF-8
  value of $LC_CTYPE: C.UTF-8
  value of $LANG: C.UTF-8
  locale-coding-system: utf-8-unix

Major mode: Fundamental

Minor modes in effect:
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  minibuffer-nonselected-mode: t
  minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(emacsbug lisp-mnt message mailcap yank-media puny dired
dired-loaddefs rfc822 mml mml-sec password-cache epa derived epg
rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util text-property-search time-date subr-x
mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader
cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047 rfc2045
ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils rmc iso-transl tooltip cconv
eldoc paren electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
elisp-mode mwheel term/ns-win ns-win ucs-normalize mule-util
term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode
register page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer
select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core
term/tty-colors frame minibuffer nadvice seq simple cl-generic
indonesian philippine cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese
tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew
greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese
composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
jka-compr-hook help abbrev obarray oclosure cl-preloaded button
loaddefs theme-loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window
text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule
custom widget keymap hashtable-print-readable backquote threads
dbusbind kqueue cocoa ns lcms2 multi-tty make-network-process
tty-child-frames native-compile emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 38323 18551) (symbols 48 4958 1) (strings 32 10845 3105)
 (string-bytes 1 421420) (vectors 16 4580) (vector-slots 8 59779 8988)
 (floats 8 20 1) (intervals 56 5 14) (buffers 1064 5))</code></pre><pre =
class=3D"text" style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><code><br></code></pre><pre class=3D"text" =
style=3D"font-variant-ligatures: =
normal;"><code></code></pre></body></html>=

--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
	x-unix-mode=0644;
	name="ns-read-socket-appdefined-fallback.patch"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
index a7f3fc2..6c2ad1f 100644
--- a/src/nsterm.m
+++ b/src/nsterm.m
@@ -5151,7 +5151,15 @@ Function modeled after x_draw_glyph_string_box ().
           send_appdefined = YES;
           ns_send_appdefined (-1);
 
+          [NSApp performSelector: @selector (stop:)
+                      withObject: NSApp
+                      afterDelay: 0.05
+                         inModes: [NSArray arrayWithObject:
+                                             NSDefaultRunLoopMode]];
           [NSApp run];
+          [NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget: NSApp
+                                                   selector: @selector (stop:)
+                                                     object: NSApp];
         }
 
       nevents = n_emacs_events_pending;

--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset=us-ascii

<html aria-label="message body"><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"></head><pre class="text" style="font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><code></code></pre></body></html>
--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=ns-toolbar-output.el
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
	x-unix-mode=0644;
	name="ns-toolbar-output.el"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

;;; -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-

(setq inhibit-startup-screen t
      p nil)
(tool-bar-mode 1)

(defun tb ()
  (let ((m (make-sparse-keymap)))
    (tool-bar-local-item "save" #'run 'run m)
    (tool-bar-local-item "delete" #'stop 'kill m)
    (setq tool-bar-map m))
  (force-mode-line-update t))

(defun run ()
  (interactive)
  (when (process-live-p p)
    (delete-process p))
  (setq p (start-process "LaTeX" (current-buffer) "yes" "output diagnostic"))
  (set-process-filter p (lambda (_ s)
                          (goto-char (point-max))
                          (insert s)
                          (tb))))

(defun stop ()
  (interactive)
  (when (yes-or-no-p "Process `LaTeX' for document `example' running, kill it? ")
    (tb)
    (sit-for 30)
    (when (process-live-p p)
      (delete-process p))))

(switch-to-buffer "ns-toolbar-output.txt")
(erase-buffer)
(insert "Click save, then trash while output is flowing. Answer Yes.\n\n")
(dotimes (_ 5000) (insert "filler\n"))
(goto-char (point-min))
(tb)

--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset=us-ascii

<html aria-label="message body"><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"></head><pre class="text" style="font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><code></code></pre></body></html>
--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
	x-unix-mode=0755;
	name="run-ns-toolbar-output-repro.sh"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

#!/bin/sh
exec /Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs -Q --load ./ns-toolbar-output.el

--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset=us-ascii

<html aria-label="message body"><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><pre class="text" style="font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><code></code></pre><pre class="text" style="font-variant-ligatures: normal;"><code><br></code></pre></body></html>
--Apple-Mail=_4C431732-FE92-49A6-8BC9-EDA0B366AE42--

--Apple-Mail=_ACCEA407-9170-44C8-BBDC-7A0EDD7F8487--




Acknowledgement sent to Eli Tziperman <eli.tziperman@HIDDEN>:
New bug report received and forwarded. Copy sent to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN. Full text available.
Report forwarded to bug-gnu-emacs@HIDDEN:
bug#81324; Package emacs. Full text available.
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Last modified: Wed, 1 Jul 2026 12:00:04 UTC

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Copyright (C) 1999 Darren O. Benham, 1997 nCipher Corporation Ltd, 1994-97 Ian Jackson.